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Sex and asymmetry in humans: what is the role of developmental instability?

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Organization
Abstract
Because asymmetric individuals are less attractive and may suffer from reduced fitness, bilateral asymmetry is widely believed to affect human sexual selection. Its evolutionary significance is based on the presumed relationship with developmental instability (DI). Yet, relationships between DI and bilateral asymmetry are often weak and possibly confounded by asymmetric mechanical loadings because of handedness. We related asymmetry in hands and faces to degrees of handedness and sexual behaviour in 100 humans. Handedness correlated to levels of asymmetry, thereby likely invalidating the use of asymmetry to estimate DI. For facial asymmetry, applying existing theoretical models refuted a link between asymmetry and DI. Explicit statistical modelling at the level of DI confirmed the absence of a link between DI and aspects of sexual behaviour. Nevertheless, asymmetries in both hands and face correlated significantly with sexual behaviour. We conclude that bilateral asymmetry per se, rather than its presumed link with DI, more likely relates to measures of human sexual behaviour. Because lateralization of behaviour appears widespread, evaluating the role of DI in evolution and ecology relies on a very critical selection of traits whose asymmetry can reliably reflect DI.

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MLA
Van Dongen, Stefan, et al. “Sex and Asymmetry in Humans: What Is the Role of Developmental Instability?” JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, vol. 22, no. 3, 2009, pp. 612–22, doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01667.x.
APA
Van Dongen, S., Cornille, R., & Lens, L. (2009). Sex and asymmetry in humans: what is the role of developmental instability? JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, 22(3), 612–622. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01667.x
Chicago author-date
Van Dongen, Stefan, R Cornille, and Luc Lens. 2009. “Sex and Asymmetry in Humans: What Is the Role of Developmental Instability?” JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 22 (3): 612–22. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01667.x.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Van Dongen, Stefan, R Cornille, and Luc Lens. 2009. “Sex and Asymmetry in Humans: What Is the Role of Developmental Instability?” JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY 22 (3): 612–622. doi:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01667.x.
Vancouver
1.
Van Dongen S, Cornille R, Lens L. Sex and asymmetry in humans: what is the role of developmental instability? JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY. 2009;22(3):612–22.
IEEE
[1]
S. Van Dongen, R. Cornille, and L. Lens, “Sex and asymmetry in humans: what is the role of developmental instability?,” JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 612–622, 2009.
@article{882338,
  abstract     = {{Because asymmetric individuals are less attractive and may suffer from reduced fitness, bilateral asymmetry is widely believed to affect human sexual selection. Its evolutionary significance is based on the presumed relationship with developmental instability (DI). Yet, relationships between DI and bilateral asymmetry are often weak and possibly confounded by asymmetric mechanical loadings because of handedness. We related asymmetry in hands and faces to degrees of handedness and sexual behaviour in 100 humans. Handedness correlated to levels of asymmetry, thereby likely invalidating the use of asymmetry to estimate DI. For facial asymmetry, applying existing theoretical models refuted a link between asymmetry and DI. Explicit statistical modelling at the level of DI confirmed the absence of a link between DI and aspects of sexual behaviour. Nevertheless, asymmetries in both hands and face correlated significantly with sexual behaviour. We conclude that bilateral asymmetry per se, rather than its presumed link with DI, more likely relates to measures of human sexual behaviour. Because lateralization of behaviour appears widespread, evaluating the role of DI in evolution and ecology relies on a very critical selection of traits whose asymmetry can reliably reflect DI.}},
  author       = {{Van Dongen, Stefan and Cornille, R and Lens, Luc}},
  issn         = {{1010-061X}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{612--622}},
  title        = {{Sex and asymmetry in humans: what is the role of developmental instability?}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1420-9101.2008.01667.x}},
  volume       = {{22}},
  year         = {{2009}},
}

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