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Down the paths to the past habitual : its historical connections with counterfactual pasts, future in the pasts, iteratives and lexical sources in Ancient Greek

Ezra la Roi (UGent)
(2023) FOLIA LINGUISTICA. 57(s44-s1). p.87-116
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Abstract
To complement existing synchronic typological studies of the marking strategies of (past) habituality, this paper details the diachronic paths leading to and from past habitual constructions. The rich corpus evidence from the diachrony of Ancient Greek demonstrates at least four source constructions: (1) past counterfactual mood (in optative and indicative), (2) futures in the past, (3) iteratives (with -sk) and (4) lexical sources with semantic affinity to habituality (volition, habit, love). It is argued that the former two acquire habitual meaning through an invited inference of epistemic certainty of the statement by the speaker: what certainly would have happened in the knowable past is implied to be characteristic of the past. The past forms with the so-called iterative -sk (3) suffix follow the cross-linguistically frequent evolution of pluractional constructions through a form of semantic bleaching: past iterative > frequentative > habitual > habitual imperfective. Lexical sources (4) first acquire habitual meaning in the present after which only the more heavily grammaticalized ones receive past habitual usage through semantic bleaching and generalization of usage (as reflected by host class expansions). The paper is concluded with a diachronic map of these paths into habituality and the paths leading from past habituality into other domains such as genericity.
Keywords
Ancient Greek, counterfactuality, futurity, genericity, habituality, iterativity

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Citation

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MLA
la Roi, Ezra. “Down the Paths to the Past Habitual : Its Historical Connections with Counterfactual Pasts, Future in the Pasts, Iteratives and Lexical Sources in Ancient Greek.” FOLIA LINGUISTICA, vol. 57, no. 44–1, 2023, pp. 87–116, doi:10.1515/flin-2022-2042.
APA
la Roi, E. (2023). Down the paths to the past habitual : its historical connections with counterfactual pasts, future in the pasts, iteratives and lexical sources in Ancient Greek. FOLIA LINGUISTICA, 57(44–1), 87–116. https://doi.org/10.1515/flin-2022-2042
Chicago author-date
Roi, Ezra la. 2023. “Down the Paths to the Past Habitual : Its Historical Connections with Counterfactual Pasts, Future in the Pasts, Iteratives and Lexical Sources in Ancient Greek.” FOLIA LINGUISTICA 57 (44–1): 87–116. https://doi.org/10.1515/flin-2022-2042.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
la Roi, Ezra. 2023. “Down the Paths to the Past Habitual : Its Historical Connections with Counterfactual Pasts, Future in the Pasts, Iteratives and Lexical Sources in Ancient Greek.” FOLIA LINGUISTICA 57 (s44–s1): 87–116. doi:10.1515/flin-2022-2042.
Vancouver
1.
la Roi E. Down the paths to the past habitual : its historical connections with counterfactual pasts, future in the pasts, iteratives and lexical sources in Ancient Greek. FOLIA LINGUISTICA. 2023;57(44–1):87–116.
IEEE
[1]
E. la Roi, “Down the paths to the past habitual : its historical connections with counterfactual pasts, future in the pasts, iteratives and lexical sources in Ancient Greek,” FOLIA LINGUISTICA, vol. 57, no. s44–s1, pp. 87–116, 2023.
@article{8770763,
  abstract     = {{To complement existing synchronic typological studies of the marking strategies of (past) habituality, this paper details the diachronic paths leading to and from past habitual constructions. The rich corpus evidence from the diachrony of Ancient Greek demonstrates at least four source constructions: (1) past counterfactual mood (in optative and indicative), (2) futures in the past, (3) iteratives (with -sk) and (4) lexical sources with semantic affinity to habituality (volition, habit, love). It is argued that the former two acquire habitual meaning through an invited inference of epistemic certainty of the statement by the speaker: what certainly would have happened in the knowable past is implied to be characteristic of the past. The past forms with the so-called iterative -sk (3) suffix follow the cross-linguistically frequent evolution of pluractional constructions through a form of semantic bleaching: past iterative > frequentative > habitual > habitual imperfective. Lexical sources (4) first acquire habitual meaning in the present after which only the more heavily grammaticalized ones receive past habitual usage through semantic bleaching and generalization of usage (as reflected by host class expansions). The paper is concluded with a diachronic map of these paths into habituality and the paths leading from past habituality into other domains such as genericity.}},
  author       = {{la Roi, Ezra}},
  issn         = {{0165-4004}},
  journal      = {{FOLIA LINGUISTICA}},
  keywords     = {{Ancient Greek,counterfactuality,futurity,genericity,habituality,iterativity}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{s44-s1}},
  pages        = {{87--116}},
  title        = {{Down the paths to the past habitual : its historical connections with counterfactual pasts, future in the pasts, iteratives and lexical sources in Ancient Greek}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1515/flin-2022-2042}},
  volume       = {{57}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}
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