@article{8767537,
  abstract     = {{BACKGROUND Shear wave elastography (SWE) has been proposed as a novel noninvasive method for the assessment of myocardial stiffness, a relevant determinant of diastolic function. It is based on tracking the propagation of shear waves, induced, for instance, by mitral valve closure (MVC), in the myocardium. The speed of propagation is directly related to myocardial stiffness, which is defined by the local slope of the nonlinear stress-strain relation. Therefore, the operating myocardial stiffness can be altered by both changes in loading and myocardial mechanical properties. OBJECTIVES This study sought to evaluate the capability of SWE to quantify myocardial stiffness changes in vivo by varying loading and myocardial tissue properties and to compare SWE against pressure-volume loop analysis, a gold standard reference method. METHODS In 15 pigs, conventional and high-frame rate echocardiographic data sets were acquired simultaneously with pressure-volume loop data after acutely changing preload and afterload and after inducting an ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. RESULTS Shear wave speed after MVC significantly increased by augmenting preload and afterload (3.2 +/- 0.8 m/s vs 4.6 +/- 1.2 m/s and 4.6 +/- 1.0 m/s, respectively; P = 0.001). Preload reduction had no significant effect on shear wave speed compared to baseline (P 1/4 0.118). I/R injury resulted in significantly higher shear wave speed after MVC (6.1 = 1.2 m/s; P < 0.001). Shear wave speed after MVC had a strong correlation with the chamber stiffness constant b (r = 0.63; P < 0.001) and operating chamber stiffness dP/dV before induction of an I/R injury (r = 0.78; P < 0.001) and after (r = 0.83; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Shear wave speed after MVC was influenced by both acute changes in loading and myocardial mechanical properties, reflecting changes in operating myocardial stiffness, and was strongly related to chamber stiffness, invasively derived by pressure-volume loop analysis. SWE provides a novel noninvasive method for the assessment of left ventricular myocardial properties. (J Am Coll Cardiol Img 2022;15:2023-2034)}},
  author       = {{Bézy, Stéphanie and Duchenne, Jürgen and Orlowska, Marta and Caenen, Annette and Amoni, Matthew and Ingelaere, Sebastian and Wouters, Laurine and McCutcheon, Keir and Minten, Lennert and Puvrez, Alexis and D’hooge, Jan and Voigt, Jens-Uwe}},
  issn         = {{1936-878X}},
  journal      = {{JACC-CARDIOVASCULAR IMAGING}},
  keywords     = {{Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine,Radiology,Nuclear Medicine and imaging,shear wave elastography,volume loops,pressure,myocardial stiffness,high-frame rate echocardiography,diastolic function}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{12}},
  pages        = {{2023--2034}},
  title        = {{Impact of loading and myocardial mechanical properties on natural shear waves}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcmg.2022.07.011}},
  volume       = {{15}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

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