@article{8762149,
  abstract     = {{ackground: Running retraining with the use of biofeedback on an impact measure has been executed or evaluated in the biomechanics laboratory. Here, the execution and evaluation of feedback-driven retraining are taken out of the laboratory.

Purpose: To determine whether biofeedback can reduce the peak tibial acceleration with or without affecting the running cadence in a 3-week retraining protocol.

Study Design: Quasi-randomized controlled trial.

Methods: Twenty runners with high peak tibial acceleration were allocated to either the retraining (n = 10, 32.1 +/- 7.8 years, 10.9 +/- 2.8 g) or control (n = 10, 39.1 +/- 10.4 years, 13.0 +/- 3.9 g) groups. They performed six running sessions in an athletic training environment. A body-worn system collected axial tibial acceleration and provided real-time feedback. The retraining group received music-based biofeedback in a faded feedback scheme. Pink noise was superimposed on tempo-synchronized music when the peak tibial acceleration was >= 70% of the runner's baseline. The control group received tempo-synchronized music, which acted as a placebo for blinding purposes. Speed feedback was provided to obtain a stable running speed of similar to 2.9 m center dot s(-1). Peak tibial acceleration and running cadence were evaluated.

Results: A significant group-by-feedback interaction effect was detected for peak tibial acceleration. The experimental group had a decrease in peak tibial acceleration by 25.5% (mean: 10.9 +/- 2.8 g versus 8.1 +/- 3.9 g, p = 0.008, d = 1.08, mean difference = 2.77 [0.94, 4.61]) without changing the running cadence. The control group had no statistically significant change in peak tibial acceleration nor in running cadence.

Conclusion: The retraining protocol was effective at reducing the peak tibial acceleration in high-impact runners by reacting to music-based biofeedback that was provided in real time per wearable technology in a training environment. This reduction magnitude may have meaningful influences on injury risk.}},
  author       = {{Van den Berghe, Pieter and Derie, Rud and Bauwens, Pieter and Gerlo, Joeri and Segers, Veerle and Leman, Marc and De Clercq, Dirk}},
  issn         = {{0905-7188}},
  journal      = {{SCANDINAVIAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE & SCIENCE IN SPORTS}},
  keywords     = {{Physical Therapy,Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine,biomechanics,feedback,impact,running gait,sonification,GAIT,SHOCK,RUNNERS,BIOMECHANICS,FEEDBACK,INJURY}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{698--709}},
  title        = {{Reducing the peak tibial acceleration of running by music‐based biofeedback : a quasi‐randomized controlled trial}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14123}},
  volume       = {{32}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

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