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City planning policies to support health and sustainability : an international comparison of policy indicators for 25 cities

Melanie Lowe, Deepti Adlakha, James F. Sallis, Deborah Salvo, Ester Cerin, Anne Vernez Moudon, Carl Higgs, Erica Hinckson, Jonathan Arundel, Geoff Boeing, et al.
(2022) LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH. 10(6). p.e882-e894
Author
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Abstract
City planning policies influence urban lifestyles, health, and sustainability. We assessed policy frameworks for city planning for 25 cities across 19 lower-middle-income countries, upper-middle-income countries, and high-income countries to identify whether these policies supported the creation of healthy and sustainable cities. We systematically collected policy data for evidence-informed indicators related to integrated city planning, air pollution, destination accessibility, distribution of employment, demand management, design, density, distance to public transport, and transport infrastructure investment. Content analysis identified strengths, limitations, and gaps in policies, allowing us to draw comparisons between cities. We found that despite common policy rhetoric endorsing healthy and sustainable cities, there was a paucity of measurable policy targets in place to achieve these aspirations. Some policies were inconsistent with public health evidence, which sets up barriers to achieving healthy and sustainable urban environments. There is an urgent need to build capacity for health-enhancing city planning policy and governance, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries.
Keywords
PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, POPULATION HEALTH, WALKABILITY

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MLA
Lowe, Melanie, et al. “City Planning Policies to Support Health and Sustainability : An International Comparison of Policy Indicators for 25 Cities.” LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH, vol. 10, no. 6, 2022, pp. e882–94, doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00069-9.
APA
Lowe, M., Adlakha, D., Sallis, J. F., Salvo, D., Cerin, E., Vernez Moudon, A., … Giles-Corti, B. (2022). City planning policies to support health and sustainability : an international comparison of policy indicators for 25 cities. LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH, 10(6), e882–e894. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00069-9
Chicago author-date
Lowe, Melanie, Deepti Adlakha, James F. Sallis, Deborah Salvo, Ester Cerin, Anne Vernez Moudon, Carl Higgs, et al. 2022. “City Planning Policies to Support Health and Sustainability : An International Comparison of Policy Indicators for 25 Cities.” LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH 10 (6): e882–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00069-9.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Lowe, Melanie, Deepti Adlakha, James F. Sallis, Deborah Salvo, Ester Cerin, Anne Vernez Moudon, Carl Higgs, Erica Hinckson, Jonathan Arundel, Geoff Boeing, Shiqin Liu, Perla Mansour, Klaus Gebel, Anna Puig-Ribera, Pinki Bhasin Mishra, Tamara Bozovic, Jacob Carson, Jan Dygryn, Alex A. Florindo, Thanh Phuong Ho, Hannah Hook, Ruth F. Hunter, Poh-Chin Lai, Javier Molina-Garcia, Kornsupha Nitvimol, Adewale L. Oyeyemi, Carolina D.G. Ramos, Eugen Resendiz, Jens Troelsen, Frank Witlox, and Billie Giles-Corti. 2022. “City Planning Policies to Support Health and Sustainability : An International Comparison of Policy Indicators for 25 Cities.” LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH 10 (6): e882–e894. doi:10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00069-9.
Vancouver
1.
Lowe M, Adlakha D, Sallis JF, Salvo D, Cerin E, Vernez Moudon A, et al. City planning policies to support health and sustainability : an international comparison of policy indicators for 25 cities. LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH. 2022;10(6):e882–94.
IEEE
[1]
M. Lowe et al., “City planning policies to support health and sustainability : an international comparison of policy indicators for 25 cities,” LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH, vol. 10, no. 6, pp. e882–e894, 2022.
@article{8752896,
  abstract     = {{City planning policies influence urban lifestyles, health, and sustainability. We assessed policy frameworks for city planning for 25 cities across 19 lower-middle-income countries, upper-middle-income countries, and high-income countries to identify whether these policies supported the creation of healthy and sustainable cities. We systematically collected policy data for evidence-informed indicators related to integrated city planning, air pollution, destination accessibility, distribution of employment, demand management, design, density, distance to public transport, and transport infrastructure investment. Content analysis identified strengths, limitations, and gaps in policies, allowing us to draw comparisons between cities. We found that despite common policy rhetoric endorsing healthy and sustainable cities, there was a paucity of measurable policy targets in place to achieve these aspirations. Some policies were inconsistent with public health evidence, which sets up barriers to achieving healthy and sustainable urban environments. There is an urgent need to build capacity for health-enhancing city planning policy and governance, particularly in low-income and middle-income countries.}},
  author       = {{Lowe, Melanie and Adlakha, Deepti and Sallis, James F. and Salvo, Deborah and Cerin, Ester and Vernez Moudon, Anne and Higgs, Carl and Hinckson, Erica and Arundel, Jonathan and Boeing, Geoff and Liu, Shiqin and Mansour, Perla and Gebel, Klaus and Puig-Ribera, Anna and Bhasin Mishra, Pinki and Bozovic, Tamara and Carson, Jacob and Dygryn, Jan and Florindo, Alex A. and Phuong Ho, Thanh and Hook, Hannah and Hunter, Ruth F. and Lai, Poh-Chin and Molina-Garcia, Javier and Nitvimol, Kornsupha and Oyeyemi, Adewale L. and Ramos, Carolina D.G. and Resendiz, Eugen and Troelsen, Jens and Witlox, Frank and Giles-Corti, Billie}},
  issn         = {{2214-109X}},
  journal      = {{LANCET GLOBAL HEALTH}},
  keywords     = {{PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY,POPULATION HEALTH,WALKABILITY}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{e882--e894}},
  title        = {{City planning policies to support health and sustainability : an international comparison of policy indicators for 25 cities}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00069-9}},
  volume       = {{10}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}
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