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Linking increased isotope fractionation at low concentrations to enzyme activity regulation : 4-Cl phenol degradation by Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6

Kankana Kundu (UGent) , Aileen Melsbach, Benjamin Heckel, Sarah Schneidemann, Dheeraj Kanapathi, Sviatlana Marozava, Juliane Merl-Pham and Martin Elsner
(2022) ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. 56(5). p.3021-3032
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Abstract
Slow microbial degradation of organic trace chemicals ("micropollutants") has been attributed to either downregulation of enzymatic turnover or rate-limiting substrate supply at low concentrations. In previous biodegradation studies, a drastic decrease in isotope fractionation of atrazine revealed a transition from rate-limiting enzyme turnover to membrane permeation as a bottleneck when concentrations fell below the Monod constant of microbial growth. With degradation of the pollutant 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) by Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6, this study targeted a bacterium which adapts its enzyme activity to concentrations. Unlike with atrazine degradation, isotope fractionation of 4-CP increased at lower concentrations, from epsilon(C) = -1.0 +/- 0.5 parts per thousand in chemostats (D = 0.090 h(-1), 88 mg L-1) and epsilon(C) = -2.1 +/- 0.5 parts per thousand in batch (c(0) = 220 mg L-1) to epsilon(C) = -4.1 +/- 0.2 parts per thousand in chemostats at 90 mu g L-1. Surprisingly, fatty acid composition indicated increased cell wall permeability at high concentrations, while proteomics revealed that catabolic enzymes (CphCI and CphCII) were differentially expressed at D = 0.090 h(-1). These observations support regulation on the enzyme activity level-through either a metabolic shift between catabolic pathways or decreased enzymatic turnover at low concentrations-and, hence, reveal an alternative end-member scenario for bacterial adaptation at low concentrations. Including more degrader strains into this multidisciplinary analytical approach offers the perspective to build a knowledge base on bottlenecks of bioremediation at low concentrations that considers bacterial adaptation.
Keywords
limits of biodegradation, mass transfer, enzyme regulation, cell wall permeability, chemostat, proteomics, isotope effect, BIOAVAILABILITY RESTRICTIONS, RECOMBINANT MONOOXYGENASE, ORGANIC-CARBON, FATTY-ACIDS, BIODEGRADATION, GROWTH, SUBSTRATE, 4-CHLOROPHENOL, ADAPTATION, MICROORGANISMS

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MLA
Kundu, Kankana, et al. “Linking Increased Isotope Fractionation at Low Concentrations to Enzyme Activity Regulation : 4-Cl Phenol Degradation by Arthrobacter Chlorophenolicus A6.” ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, vol. 56, no. 5, 2022, pp. 3021–32, doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c04939.
APA
Kundu, K., Melsbach, A., Heckel, B., Schneidemann, S., Kanapathi, D., Marozava, S., … Elsner, M. (2022). Linking increased isotope fractionation at low concentrations to enzyme activity regulation : 4-Cl phenol degradation by Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, 56(5), 3021–3032. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c04939
Chicago author-date
Kundu, Kankana, Aileen Melsbach, Benjamin Heckel, Sarah Schneidemann, Dheeraj Kanapathi, Sviatlana Marozava, Juliane Merl-Pham, and Martin Elsner. 2022. “Linking Increased Isotope Fractionation at Low Concentrations to Enzyme Activity Regulation : 4-Cl Phenol Degradation by Arthrobacter Chlorophenolicus A6.” ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 56 (5): 3021–32. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c04939.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Kundu, Kankana, Aileen Melsbach, Benjamin Heckel, Sarah Schneidemann, Dheeraj Kanapathi, Sviatlana Marozava, Juliane Merl-Pham, and Martin Elsner. 2022. “Linking Increased Isotope Fractionation at Low Concentrations to Enzyme Activity Regulation : 4-Cl Phenol Degradation by Arthrobacter Chlorophenolicus A6.” ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 56 (5): 3021–3032. doi:10.1021/acs.est.1c04939.
Vancouver
1.
Kundu K, Melsbach A, Heckel B, Schneidemann S, Kanapathi D, Marozava S, et al. Linking increased isotope fractionation at low concentrations to enzyme activity regulation : 4-Cl phenol degradation by Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY. 2022;56(5):3021–32.
IEEE
[1]
K. Kundu et al., “Linking increased isotope fractionation at low concentrations to enzyme activity regulation : 4-Cl phenol degradation by Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6,” ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY, vol. 56, no. 5, pp. 3021–3032, 2022.
@article{8752011,
  abstract     = {{Slow microbial degradation of organic trace chemicals ("micropollutants") has been attributed to either downregulation of enzymatic turnover or rate-limiting substrate supply at low concentrations. In previous biodegradation studies, a drastic decrease in isotope fractionation of atrazine revealed a transition from rate-limiting enzyme turnover to membrane permeation as a bottleneck when concentrations fell below the Monod constant of microbial growth. With degradation of the pollutant 4-chlorophenol (4-CP) by Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6, this study targeted a bacterium which adapts its enzyme activity to concentrations. Unlike with atrazine degradation, isotope fractionation of 4-CP increased at lower concentrations, from epsilon(C) = -1.0 +/- 0.5 parts per thousand in chemostats (D = 0.090 h(-1), 88 mg L-1) and epsilon(C) = -2.1 +/- 0.5 parts per thousand in batch (c(0) = 220 mg L-1) to epsilon(C) = -4.1 +/- 0.2 parts per thousand in chemostats at 90 mu g L-1. Surprisingly, fatty acid composition indicated increased cell wall permeability at high concentrations, while proteomics revealed that catabolic enzymes (CphCI and CphCII) were differentially expressed at D = 0.090 h(-1). These observations support regulation on the enzyme activity level-through either a metabolic shift between catabolic pathways or decreased enzymatic turnover at low concentrations-and, hence, reveal an alternative end-member scenario for bacterial adaptation at low concentrations. Including more degrader strains into this multidisciplinary analytical approach offers the perspective to build a knowledge base on bottlenecks of bioremediation at low concentrations that considers bacterial adaptation.}},
  author       = {{Kundu, Kankana and Melsbach, Aileen and Heckel, Benjamin and Schneidemann, Sarah and Kanapathi, Dheeraj and Marozava, Sviatlana and Merl-Pham, Juliane and Elsner, Martin}},
  issn         = {{0013-936X}},
  journal      = {{ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{limits of biodegradation,mass transfer,enzyme regulation,cell wall permeability,chemostat,proteomics,isotope effect,BIOAVAILABILITY RESTRICTIONS,RECOMBINANT MONOOXYGENASE,ORGANIC-CARBON,FATTY-ACIDS,BIODEGRADATION,GROWTH,SUBSTRATE,4-CHLOROPHENOL,ADAPTATION,MICROORGANISMS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{3021--3032}},
  title        = {{Linking increased isotope fractionation at low concentrations to enzyme activity regulation : 4-Cl phenol degradation by Arthrobacter chlorophenolicus A6}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c04939}},
  volume       = {{56}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}
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