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The (shared) features of fear : toward the source of human fear responding

Yannick Boddez (UGent) , Martin Finn (UGent) and Jan De Houwer (UGent)
(2021) CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY. 41. p.113-117
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Abstract
Little is known about why people behave the way they do in threatening situations. Some theories invoke a transfer of responses from unconditioned stimuli (US) to conditioned stimuli (CS), but this principle goes astray because responses to the US and CS can differ substantially. The idea that we introduce here is that the pattern of responses to a newly established CS does not come from the US but (at least partly) transfers from how one (learned to) respond(s) to previously encountered stimuli with threat value. So, we conceptualize threat value as a stimulus feature that allows responses to transfer between stimuli that share this feature (in the same way as, for example, overlap in color or shape can support transfer). In contrast to prevailing views, this new perspective focuses on the relation between the CS and already established threat signals rather than on the relation between the CS and the US. We discuss how this shared features perspective on human fear responding can inspire future directions in both the laboratory and clinical practice.
Keywords
CONTEXT, INSTRUCTIONS, EXTINCTION, DISORDERS, RELAPSE, BRAIN, Fear, Fear conditioning, Evaluative conditioning, Anxiety disorders, Generalization

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MLA
Boddez, Yannick, et al. “The (Shared) Features of Fear : Toward the Source of Human Fear Responding.” CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY, vol. 41, 2021, pp. 113–17, doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.07.005.
APA
Boddez, Y., Finn, M., & De Houwer, J. (2021). The (shared) features of fear : toward the source of human fear responding. CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY, 41, 113–117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.07.005
Chicago author-date
Boddez, Yannick, Martin Finn, and Jan De Houwer. 2021. “The (Shared) Features of Fear : Toward the Source of Human Fear Responding.” CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY 41: 113–17. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.07.005.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Boddez, Yannick, Martin Finn, and Jan De Houwer. 2021. “The (Shared) Features of Fear : Toward the Source of Human Fear Responding.” CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY 41: 113–117. doi:10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.07.005.
Vancouver
1.
Boddez Y, Finn M, De Houwer J. The (shared) features of fear : toward the source of human fear responding. CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY. 2021;41:113–7.
IEEE
[1]
Y. Boddez, M. Finn, and J. De Houwer, “The (shared) features of fear : toward the source of human fear responding,” CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY, vol. 41, pp. 113–117, 2021.
@article{8749949,
  abstract     = {{Little is known about why people behave the way they do in threatening situations. Some theories invoke a transfer of responses from unconditioned stimuli (US) to conditioned stimuli (CS), but this principle goes astray because responses to the US and CS can differ substantially. The idea that we introduce here is that the pattern of responses to a newly established CS does not come from the US but (at least partly) transfers from how one (learned to) respond(s) to previously encountered stimuli with threat value. So, we conceptualize threat value as a stimulus feature that allows responses to transfer between stimuli that share this feature (in the same way as, for example, overlap in color or shape can support transfer). In contrast to prevailing views, this new perspective focuses on the relation between the CS and already established threat signals rather than on the relation between the CS and the US. We discuss how this shared features perspective on human fear responding can inspire future directions in both the laboratory and clinical practice.}},
  author       = {{Boddez, Yannick and Finn, Martin and De Houwer, Jan}},
  issn         = {{2352-250X}},
  journal      = {{CURRENT OPINION IN PSYCHOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{CONTEXT,INSTRUCTIONS,EXTINCTION,DISORDERS,RELAPSE,BRAIN,Fear,Fear conditioning,Evaluative conditioning,Anxiety disorders,Generalization}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{113--117}},
  title        = {{The (shared) features of fear : toward the source of human fear responding}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.copsyc.2021.07.005}},
  volume       = {{41}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}
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