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Above- and below-ground complementarity rather than selection drive tree diversity-productivity relationships in European forests

Xin Jing, Bart Muys, Helge Bruelheide, Ellen Desie, Stephan Hattenschwiler, Herve Jactel, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Paul Kardol, Sophia Ratcliffe, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, et al.
(2021) FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY. 35(8). p.1756-1767
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Abstract
1. Biodiversity experiments have identified both complementarity and selection as important drivers of the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. However, their relative importance in above- and below-ground ecosystem compartments of mature forests remains yet to be explored. 2. We adopted a trait-based approach to partition biodiversity effects in above- and below-ground complementarity and selection. This approach was based on canopy and root traits measured in single- and mixed-species plots in mature forests across a European latitudinal gradient. 3. We assessed the relative importance of above- and below-ground selection and complementarity in driving the relationship between tree species diversity and above-ground wood production. We used the expected values (based on the values measured in monocultures) of leaf area index (LAI) and fine root biomass as proxies for above- and below-ground selection, whereas canopy packing and rooting depth variability were used as proxies for above- and below-ground complementarity. 4. Our results showed that tree species richness-wood production relationships were driven by above- and below-ground complementarity (i.e. canopy packing and rooting depth variability), rather than selection. The proxies for selection were found to have a positive effect on wood production but were not affected by tree species richness. 5. We concluded that above-ground-but also the largely neglected below-ground complementarity drives biodiversity-productivity relationships in mature forests. Our findings suggest that choosing tree species with complementary above- and below-ground traits should be considered in afforestation and forest management to promote tree diversity and productivity in European forests.
Keywords
FINE-ROOT BIOMASS, SPECIES RICHNESS, LEAF-AREA, FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY, ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS, SUBTROPICAL FOREST, ECOSYSTEM-FUNCTION, CROWN, PLASTICITY, BIODIVERSITY, TEMPERATE, canopy packing, ecosystem functioning, fine root biomass, FunDivEUROPE, leaf area index, mature forests, rooting depth

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MLA
Jing, Xin, et al. “Above- and below-Ground Complementarity Rather than Selection Drive Tree Diversity-Productivity Relationships in European Forests.” FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY, vol. 35, no. 8, 2021, pp. 1756–67, doi:10.1111/1365-2435.13825.
APA
Jing, X., Muys, B., Bruelheide, H., Desie, E., Hattenschwiler, S., Jactel, H., … Van Meerbeek, K. (2021). Above- and below-ground complementarity rather than selection drive tree diversity-productivity relationships in European forests. FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY, 35(8), 1756–1767. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13825
Chicago author-date
Jing, Xin, Bart Muys, Helge Bruelheide, Ellen Desie, Stephan Hattenschwiler, Herve Jactel, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, et al. 2021. “Above- and below-Ground Complementarity Rather than Selection Drive Tree Diversity-Productivity Relationships in European Forests.” FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY 35 (8): 1756–67. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13825.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Jing, Xin, Bart Muys, Helge Bruelheide, Ellen Desie, Stephan Hattenschwiler, Herve Jactel, Bogdan Jaroszewicz, Paul Kardol, Sophia Ratcliffe, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Federico Selvi, Karen Vancampenhout, Fons van der Plas, Kris Verheyen, Lars Vesterdal, Juan Zuo, and Koenraad Van Meerbeek. 2021. “Above- and below-Ground Complementarity Rather than Selection Drive Tree Diversity-Productivity Relationships in European Forests.” FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY 35 (8): 1756–1767. doi:10.1111/1365-2435.13825.
Vancouver
1.
Jing X, Muys B, Bruelheide H, Desie E, Hattenschwiler S, Jactel H, et al. Above- and below-ground complementarity rather than selection drive tree diversity-productivity relationships in European forests. FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY. 2021;35(8):1756–67.
IEEE
[1]
X. Jing et al., “Above- and below-ground complementarity rather than selection drive tree diversity-productivity relationships in European forests,” FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY, vol. 35, no. 8, pp. 1756–1767, 2021.
@article{8746186,
  abstract     = {{1. Biodiversity experiments have identified both complementarity and selection as important drivers of the relationship between biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. However, their relative importance in above- and below-ground ecosystem compartments of mature forests remains yet to be explored. 2. We adopted a trait-based approach to partition biodiversity effects in above- and below-ground complementarity and selection. This approach was based on canopy and root traits measured in single- and mixed-species plots in mature forests across a European latitudinal gradient. 3. We assessed the relative importance of above- and below-ground selection and complementarity in driving the relationship between tree species diversity and above-ground wood production. We used the expected values (based on the values measured in monocultures) of leaf area index (LAI) and fine root biomass as proxies for above- and below-ground selection, whereas canopy packing and rooting depth variability were used as proxies for above- and below-ground complementarity. 4. Our results showed that tree species richness-wood production relationships were driven by above- and below-ground complementarity (i.e. canopy packing and rooting depth variability), rather than selection. The proxies for selection were found to have a positive effect on wood production but were not affected by tree species richness. 5. We concluded that above-ground-but also the largely neglected below-ground complementarity drives biodiversity-productivity relationships in mature forests. Our findings suggest that choosing tree species with complementary above- and below-ground traits should be considered in afforestation and forest management to promote tree diversity and productivity in European forests.}},
  author       = {{Jing, Xin and Muys, Bart and Bruelheide, Helge and Desie, Ellen and Hattenschwiler, Stephan and Jactel, Herve and Jaroszewicz, Bogdan and Kardol, Paul and Ratcliffe, Sophia and Scherer-Lorenzen, Michael and Selvi, Federico and Vancampenhout, Karen and van der Plas, Fons and Verheyen, Kris and Vesterdal, Lars and Zuo, Juan and Van Meerbeek, Koenraad}},
  issn         = {{0269-8463}},
  journal      = {{FUNCTIONAL ECOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{FINE-ROOT BIOMASS,SPECIES RICHNESS,LEAF-AREA,FUNCTIONAL DIVERSITY,ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS,SUBTROPICAL FOREST,ECOSYSTEM-FUNCTION,CROWN,PLASTICITY,BIODIVERSITY,TEMPERATE,canopy packing,ecosystem functioning,fine root biomass,FunDivEUROPE,leaf area index,mature forests,rooting depth}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{1756--1767}},
  title        = {{Above- and below-ground complementarity rather than selection drive tree diversity-productivity relationships in European forests}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.13825}},
  volume       = {{35}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}
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