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Emotion regulation in times of COVID-19 : a person-centered approach based on self-determination theory

Joachim Waterschoot (UGent) , Sofie Morbée (UGent) , Branko Vermote (UGent) , Katrijn Brenning (UGent) , Nele Flamant (UGent) , Maarten Vansteenkiste (UGent) and Bart Soenens (UGent)
(2023) CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY. 42(23). p.20211-20225
Author
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Abstract
Although the COVID-19 crisis is a worldwide threat to individuals' physical health and psychological well-being, not all people are equally susceptible to increased ill-being. One potentially important factor in individuals' vulnerability (versus resilience) to ill-being in the face of stress is emotion regulation. On the basis of Self-Determination Theory, this study examined the role of three emotion regulation styles in individuals' mental health during the COVID-19 crisis, that is, integration, suppression, and dysregulation. Participants were 6584 adults (77% female, M-age = 45.16 years) who filled out well-validated measures of emotion regulation, depression, anxiety, life satisfaction, and sleep quality. To examine naturally occurring combinations of emotion regulation strategies, hierarchical k-means clustering was performed, yielding 3 profiles: (a) low scores on all strategies (indicating rather low overall levels of worry; 27%), (b) high scores on integration only (41%), and (c) high scores on suppression and dysregulation (32%). Participants in the profiles scoring high on suppression and dysregulation displayed a less favorable pattern of outcomes (high ill-being, low life satisfaction, and poorer sleep quality) compared to the other two groups. Between-cluster differences remained significant even when taking into account the corona-related worries experienced by people. Overall, the findings underscore the important role of emotion regulation in individuals' mental health during mentally challenging periods such as the COVID-19 crisis. Practical implications and directions for future research are discussed.
Keywords
General Psychology, COVID-19, Emotion regulation, Self-determination theory, Mental health, CONDITIONAL REGARD, AUTONOMY SUPPORT, EXPERIENCE, PSYCHOPATHOLOGY, CONSEQUENCES, SATISFACTION, METAANALYSIS, EXPRESSION, MEDIATION, CLUSTERS

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MLA
Waterschoot, Joachim, et al. “Emotion Regulation in Times of COVID-19 : A Person-Centered Approach Based on Self-Determination Theory.” CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY, vol. 42, no. 23, 2023, pp. 20211–25, doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02623-5.
APA
Waterschoot, J., Morbée, S., Vermote, B., Brenning, K., Flamant, N., Vansteenkiste, M., & Soenens, B. (2023). Emotion regulation in times of COVID-19 : a person-centered approach based on self-determination theory. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY, 42(23), 20211–20225. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02623-5
Chicago author-date
Waterschoot, Joachim, Sofie Morbée, Branko Vermote, Katrijn Brenning, Nele Flamant, Maarten Vansteenkiste, and Bart Soenens. 2023. “Emotion Regulation in Times of COVID-19 : A Person-Centered Approach Based on Self-Determination Theory.” CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 42 (23): 20211–25. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02623-5.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Waterschoot, Joachim, Sofie Morbée, Branko Vermote, Katrijn Brenning, Nele Flamant, Maarten Vansteenkiste, and Bart Soenens. 2023. “Emotion Regulation in Times of COVID-19 : A Person-Centered Approach Based on Self-Determination Theory.” CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY 42 (23): 20211–20225. doi:10.1007/s12144-021-02623-5.
Vancouver
1.
Waterschoot J, Morbée S, Vermote B, Brenning K, Flamant N, Vansteenkiste M, et al. Emotion regulation in times of COVID-19 : a person-centered approach based on self-determination theory. CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY. 2023;42(23):20211–25.
IEEE
[1]
J. Waterschoot et al., “Emotion regulation in times of COVID-19 : a person-centered approach based on self-determination theory,” CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY, vol. 42, no. 23, pp. 20211–20225, 2023.
@article{8745177,
  abstract     = {{Although the COVID-19 crisis is a worldwide threat to individuals' physical health and psychological well-being, not all people are equally susceptible to increased ill-being. One potentially important factor in individuals' vulnerability (versus resilience) to ill-being in the face of stress is emotion regulation. On the basis of Self-Determination Theory, this study examined the role of three emotion regulation styles in individuals' mental health during the COVID-19 crisis, that is, integration, suppression, and dysregulation. Participants were 6584 adults (77% female, M-age = 45.16 years) who filled out well-validated measures of emotion regulation, depression, anxiety, life satisfaction, and sleep quality. To examine naturally occurring combinations of emotion regulation strategies, hierarchical k-means clustering was performed, yielding 3 profiles: (a) low scores on all strategies (indicating rather low overall levels of worry; 27%), (b) high scores on integration only (41%), and (c) high scores on suppression and dysregulation (32%). Participants in the profiles scoring high on suppression and dysregulation displayed a less favorable pattern of outcomes (high ill-being, low life satisfaction, and poorer sleep quality) compared to the other two groups. Between-cluster differences remained significant even when taking into account the corona-related worries experienced by people. Overall, the findings underscore the important role of emotion regulation in individuals' mental health during mentally challenging periods such as the COVID-19 crisis. Practical implications and directions for future research are discussed.}},
  author       = {{Waterschoot, Joachim and Morbée, Sofie and Vermote, Branko and Brenning, Katrijn and Flamant, Nele and Vansteenkiste, Maarten and Soenens, Bart}},
  issn         = {{1046-1310}},
  journal      = {{CURRENT PSYCHOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{General Psychology,COVID-19,Emotion regulation,Self-determination theory,Mental health,CONDITIONAL REGARD,AUTONOMY SUPPORT,EXPERIENCE,PSYCHOPATHOLOGY,CONSEQUENCES,SATISFACTION,METAANALYSIS,EXPRESSION,MEDIATION,CLUSTERS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{23}},
  pages        = {{20211--20225}},
  title        = {{Emotion regulation in times of COVID-19 : a person-centered approach based on self-determination theory}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s12144-021-02623-5}},
  volume       = {{42}},
  year         = {{2023}},
}
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