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Expanding horizons of cross-linguistic research on reading : the Multilingual Eye-movement Corpus (MECO)

Noam Siegelman, Sascha Schroeder, Cengiz Acartürk, Hee-Don Ahn, Svetlana Alexeeva, Simona Amenta, Raymond Bertram, Rolando Bonandrini, Marc Brysbaert (UGent) , Daria Chernova, et al.
(2022) BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS. 54(6). p.2843-2863
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Abstract
Scientific studies of language behavior need to grapple with a large diversity of languages in the world and, for reading, a further variability in writing systems. Yet, the ability to form meaningful theories of reading is contingent on the availability of cross-linguistic behavioral data. This paper offers new insights into aspects of reading behavior that are shared and those that vary systematically across languages through an investigation of eye-tracking data from 13 languages recorded during text reading. We begin with reporting a bibliometric analysis of eye-tracking studies showing that the current empirical base is insufficient for cross-linguistic comparisons. We respond to this empirical lacuna by presenting the Multilingual Eye-Movement Corpus (MECO), the product of an international multi-lab collaboration. We examine which behavioral indices differentiate between reading in written languages, and which measures are stable across languages. One of the findings is that readers of different languages vary considerably in their skipping rate (i.e., the likelihood of not fixating on a word even once) and that this variability is explained by cross-linguistic differences in word length distributions. In contrast, if readers do not skip a word, they tend to spend a similar average time viewing it. We outline the implications of these findings for theories of reading. We also describe prospective uses of the publicly available MECO data, and its further development plans.
Keywords
General Psychology, Psychology (miscellaneous), Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Developmental and Educational Psychology, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Reading, Eye tracking, Cross-linguistic research, Language, WORD, ENGLISH, FREQUENCY, PREDICTABILITY, ACQUISITION, EXPERIENCE, SOFTWARE, GERMAN, SYSTEM, LENGTH

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MLA
Siegelman, Noam, et al. “Expanding Horizons of Cross-Linguistic Research on Reading : The Multilingual Eye-Movement Corpus (MECO).” BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS, vol. 54, no. 6, 2022, pp. 2843–63, doi:10.3758/s13428-021-01772-6.
APA
Siegelman, N., Schroeder, S., Acartürk, C., Ahn, H.-D., Alexeeva, S., Amenta, S., … Kuperman, V. (2022). Expanding horizons of cross-linguistic research on reading : the Multilingual Eye-movement Corpus (MECO). BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS, 54(6), 2843–2863. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01772-6
Chicago author-date
Siegelman, Noam, Sascha Schroeder, Cengiz Acartürk, Hee-Don Ahn, Svetlana Alexeeva, Simona Amenta, Raymond Bertram, et al. 2022. “Expanding Horizons of Cross-Linguistic Research on Reading : The Multilingual Eye-Movement Corpus (MECO).” BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS 54 (6): 2843–63. https://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01772-6.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Siegelman, Noam, Sascha Schroeder, Cengiz Acartürk, Hee-Don Ahn, Svetlana Alexeeva, Simona Amenta, Raymond Bertram, Rolando Bonandrini, Marc Brysbaert, Daria Chernova, Sara Maria Da Fonseca, Nicolas Dirix, Wouter Duyck, Argyro Fella, Ram Frost, Carolina A. Gattei, Areti Kalaitzi, Nayoung Kwon, Kaidi Lõo, Marco Marelli, Timothy C. Papadopoulos, Athanassios Protopapas, Satu Savo, Diego E. Shalom, Natalia Slioussar, Roni Stein, Longjiao Sui, Analí Taboh, Veronica Tønnesen, Kerem Alp Usal, and Victor Kuperman. 2022. “Expanding Horizons of Cross-Linguistic Research on Reading : The Multilingual Eye-Movement Corpus (MECO).” BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS 54 (6): 2843–2863. doi:10.3758/s13428-021-01772-6.
Vancouver
1.
Siegelman N, Schroeder S, Acartürk C, Ahn H-D, Alexeeva S, Amenta S, et al. Expanding horizons of cross-linguistic research on reading : the Multilingual Eye-movement Corpus (MECO). BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS. 2022;54(6):2843–63.
IEEE
[1]
N. Siegelman et al., “Expanding horizons of cross-linguistic research on reading : the Multilingual Eye-movement Corpus (MECO),” BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS, vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 2843–2863, 2022.
@article{8739019,
  abstract     = {{Scientific studies of language behavior need to grapple with a large diversity of languages in the world and, for reading, a further variability in writing systems. Yet, the ability to form meaningful theories of reading is contingent on the availability of cross-linguistic behavioral data. This paper offers new insights into aspects of reading behavior that are shared and those that vary systematically across languages through an investigation of eye-tracking data from 13 languages recorded during text reading. We begin with reporting a bibliometric analysis of eye-tracking studies showing that the current empirical base is insufficient for cross-linguistic comparisons. We respond to this empirical lacuna by presenting the Multilingual Eye-Movement Corpus (MECO), the product of an international multi-lab collaboration. We examine which behavioral indices differentiate between reading in written languages, and which measures are stable across languages. One of the findings is that readers of different languages vary considerably in their skipping rate (i.e., the likelihood of not fixating on a word even once) and that this variability is explained by cross-linguistic differences in word length distributions. In contrast, if readers do not skip a word, they tend to spend a similar average time viewing it. We outline the implications of these findings for theories of reading. We also describe prospective uses of the publicly available MECO data, and its further development plans.}},
  author       = {{Siegelman, Noam and Schroeder, Sascha and Acartürk, Cengiz and Ahn, Hee-Don and Alexeeva, Svetlana and Amenta, Simona and Bertram, Raymond and Bonandrini, Rolando and Brysbaert, Marc and Chernova, Daria and Da Fonseca, Sara Maria and Dirix, Nicolas and Duyck, Wouter and Fella, Argyro and Frost, Ram and Gattei, Carolina A. and Kalaitzi, Areti and Kwon, Nayoung and Lõo, Kaidi and Marelli, Marco and Papadopoulos, Timothy C. and Protopapas, Athanassios and Savo, Satu and Shalom, Diego E. and Slioussar, Natalia and Stein, Roni and Sui, Longjiao and Taboh, Analí and Tønnesen, Veronica and Usal, Kerem Alp and Kuperman, Victor}},
  issn         = {{1554-351X}},
  journal      = {{BEHAVIOR RESEARCH METHODS}},
  keywords     = {{General Psychology,Psychology (miscellaneous),Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous),Developmental and Educational Psychology,Experimental and Cognitive Psychology,Reading,Eye tracking,Cross-linguistic research,Language,WORD,ENGLISH,FREQUENCY,PREDICTABILITY,ACQUISITION,EXPERIENCE,SOFTWARE,GERMAN,SYSTEM,LENGTH}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{2843--2863}},
  title        = {{Expanding horizons of cross-linguistic research on reading : the Multilingual Eye-movement Corpus (MECO)}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3758/s13428-021-01772-6}},
  volume       = {{54}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}
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