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Metabolism and health effects of rare sugars in a CACO-2/HepG2 coculture model

(2022) NUTRIENTS. 14(3).
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Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent liver disease worldwide and is impacted by an unhealthy diet with excessive calories, although the role of sugars in NAFLD etiology remains largely unexplored. Rare sugars are natural sugars with alternative monomers and glycosidic bonds, which have attracted attention as sugar replacers due to developments in enzyme engineering and hence an increased availability. We studied the impact of (rare) sugars on energy production, liver cell physiology and gene expression in human intestinal colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells, hepatoma G2 (HepG2) liver cells and a coculture model with these cells. Fat accumulation was investigated in the presence of an oleic/palmitic acid mixture. Glucose, fructose and galactose, but not mannose, l-arabinose, xylose and ribose enhanced hepatic fat accumulation in a HepG2 monoculture. In the coculture model, there was a non-significant trend (p = 0.08) towards higher (20-55% increased) median fat accumulation with maltose, kojibiose and nigerose. In this coculture model, cellular energy production was increased by glucose, maltose, kojibiose and nigerose, but not by trehalose. Furthermore, glucose, fructose and l-arabinose affected gene expression in a sugar-specific way in coculture HepG2 cells. These findings indicate that sugars provide structure-specific effects on cellular energy production, hepatic fat accumulation and gene expression, suggesting a health potential for trehalose and l-arabinose, as well as a differential impact of sugars beyond the distinction of conventional and rare sugars.
Keywords
cell, digestion, Caco-2, HepG2 model, gene expression, liver fat, rare sugars, FATTY LIVER-DISEASE, IN-VITRO, MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION, DIETARY FRUCTOSE, L-ARABINOSE, URIC-ACID, GLUCOSE, CELL, GENE, ACTIVATION

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Citation

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MLA
Van Laar, Amar Daniël Emanuel, et al. “Metabolism and Health Effects of Rare Sugars in a CACO-2/HepG2 Coculture Model.” NUTRIENTS, vol. 14, no. 3, 2022, doi:10.3390/nu14030611.
APA
Van Laar, A. D. E., Grootaert, C., Van Nieuwerburgh, F., Deforce, D., Desmet, T., Beerens, K., & Van Camp, J. (2022). Metabolism and health effects of rare sugars in a CACO-2/HepG2 coculture model. NUTRIENTS, 14(3). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030611
Chicago author-date
Van Laar, Amar Daniël Emanuel, Charlotte Grootaert, Filip Van Nieuwerburgh, Dieter Deforce, Tom Desmet, Koen Beerens, and John Van Camp. 2022. “Metabolism and Health Effects of Rare Sugars in a CACO-2/HepG2 Coculture Model.” NUTRIENTS 14 (3). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030611.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Van Laar, Amar Daniël Emanuel, Charlotte Grootaert, Filip Van Nieuwerburgh, Dieter Deforce, Tom Desmet, Koen Beerens, and John Van Camp. 2022. “Metabolism and Health Effects of Rare Sugars in a CACO-2/HepG2 Coculture Model.” NUTRIENTS 14 (3). doi:10.3390/nu14030611.
Vancouver
1.
Van Laar ADE, Grootaert C, Van Nieuwerburgh F, Deforce D, Desmet T, Beerens K, et al. Metabolism and health effects of rare sugars in a CACO-2/HepG2 coculture model. NUTRIENTS. 2022;14(3).
IEEE
[1]
A. D. E. Van Laar et al., “Metabolism and health effects of rare sugars in a CACO-2/HepG2 coculture model,” NUTRIENTS, vol. 14, no. 3, 2022.
@article{8737681,
  abstract     = {{Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) has become the most prevalent liver disease worldwide and is impacted by an unhealthy diet with excessive calories, although the role of sugars in NAFLD etiology remains largely unexplored. Rare sugars are natural sugars with alternative monomers and glycosidic bonds, which have attracted attention as sugar replacers due to developments in enzyme engineering and hence an increased availability. We studied the impact of (rare) sugars on energy production, liver cell physiology and gene expression in human intestinal colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) cells, hepatoma G2 (HepG2) liver cells and a coculture model with these cells. Fat accumulation was investigated in the presence of an oleic/palmitic acid mixture. Glucose, fructose and galactose, but not mannose, l-arabinose, xylose and ribose enhanced hepatic fat accumulation in a HepG2 monoculture. In the coculture model, there was a non-significant trend (p = 0.08) towards higher (20-55% increased) median fat accumulation with maltose, kojibiose and nigerose. In this coculture model, cellular energy production was increased by glucose, maltose, kojibiose and nigerose, but not by trehalose. Furthermore, glucose, fructose and l-arabinose affected gene expression in a sugar-specific way in coculture HepG2 cells. These findings indicate that sugars provide structure-specific effects on cellular energy production, hepatic fat accumulation and gene expression, suggesting a health potential for trehalose and l-arabinose, as well as a differential impact of sugars beyond the distinction of conventional and rare sugars.}},
  articleno    = {{611}},
  author       = {{Van Laar, Amar Daniël Emanuel and Grootaert, Charlotte and Van Nieuwerburgh, Filip and Deforce, Dieter and Desmet, Tom and Beerens, Koen and Van Camp, John}},
  issn         = {{2072-6643}},
  journal      = {{NUTRIENTS}},
  keywords     = {{cell,digestion,Caco-2,HepG2 model,gene expression,liver fat,rare sugars,FATTY LIVER-DISEASE,IN-VITRO,MITOCHONDRIAL DYSFUNCTION,DIETARY FRUCTOSE,L-ARABINOSE,URIC-ACID,GLUCOSE,CELL,GENE,ACTIVATION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{20}},
  title        = {{Metabolism and health effects of rare sugars in a CACO-2/HepG2 coculture model}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3390/nu14030611}},
  volume       = {{14}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

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