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Course and survival of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities in relation to the trace element status at hospital admission

Gijs Du Laing (UGent) , Mirko Petrovic (UGent) , Carl Lachat (UGent) , Marthe De Boevre (UGent) , Georg Klingenberg, Qian Sun, Sarah De Saeger (UGent) , Jozefien De Clercq (UGent) , Louis Ide, Linos Vandekerckhove (UGent) , et al.
(2021) NUTRIENTS. 13(10).
Author
Organization
Abstract
Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are essential trace elements needed for appropriate immune system responses, cell signalling and anti-viral defence. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at two hospitals in Ghent, Belgium, to investigate whether Se and/or Zn deficiency upon hospital admission correlates to disease severity and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients with or without comorbidities. Trace element concentrations along with additional biomarkers were determined in serum or plasma and associated to disease severity and outcome. An insufficient Se and/or Zn status upon hospital admission was associated with a higher mortality rate and a more severe disease course in the entire study group, especially in the senior population. In comparison to healthy European adults, the patients displayed strongly depressed total Se (mean ± SD: 59.2 ± 20.6 vs. 84.4 ± 23.4 μg L−1) and SELENOP (mean ± SD: 2.2 ± 1.9 vs. 4.3 ± 1.0 mg L−1) concentrations at hospital admission. Particularly strong associations were observed for death risk of cancer, diabetes and chronic cardiac disease patients with low Se status, and of diabetes and obese patients with Zn deficiency. A composite biomarker based on serum or plasma Se, SELENOP and Zn at hospital admission proved to be a reliable tool to predict severe COVID-19 course and death, or mild disease course. We conclude that trace element assessment at hospital admission may contribute to a better stratification of patients with COVID-19 and other similar infectious diseases, support clinical care, therapeutic interventions and adjuvant supplementation needs, and may prove of particular relevance for patients with relevant comorbidities.
Keywords
micronutrient, nutrition, biomarker, diabetes, cancer, ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE, SELENIUM STATUS, IMMUNE-RESPONSE, SERUM SELENIUM, INFLAMMATION, DEFICIENCY, THERAPY

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MLA
Du Laing, Gijs, et al. “Course and Survival of COVID-19 Patients with Comorbidities in Relation to the Trace Element Status at Hospital Admission.” NUTRIENTS, vol. 13, no. 10, 2021, doi:10.3390/nu13103304.
APA
Du Laing, G., Petrovic, M., Lachat, C., De Boevre, M., Klingenberg, G., Sun, Q., … Schomburg, L. (2021). Course and survival of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities in relation to the trace element status at hospital admission. NUTRIENTS, 13(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103304
Chicago author-date
Du Laing, Gijs, Mirko Petrovic, Carl Lachat, Marthe De Boevre, Georg Klingenberg, Qian Sun, Sarah De Saeger, et al. 2021. “Course and Survival of COVID-19 Patients with Comorbidities in Relation to the Trace Element Status at Hospital Admission.” NUTRIENTS 13 (10). https://doi.org/10.3390/nu13103304.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Du Laing, Gijs, Mirko Petrovic, Carl Lachat, Marthe De Boevre, Georg Klingenberg, Qian Sun, Sarah De Saeger, Jozefien De Clercq, Louis Ide, Linos Vandekerckhove, and Lutz Schomburg. 2021. “Course and Survival of COVID-19 Patients with Comorbidities in Relation to the Trace Element Status at Hospital Admission.” NUTRIENTS 13 (10). doi:10.3390/nu13103304.
Vancouver
1.
Du Laing G, Petrovic M, Lachat C, De Boevre M, Klingenberg G, Sun Q, et al. Course and survival of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities in relation to the trace element status at hospital admission. NUTRIENTS. 2021;13(10).
IEEE
[1]
G. Du Laing et al., “Course and survival of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities in relation to the trace element status at hospital admission,” NUTRIENTS, vol. 13, no. 10, 2021.
@article{8721048,
  abstract     = {{Selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are essential trace elements needed for appropriate immune system responses, cell signalling and anti-viral defence. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted at two hospitals in Ghent, Belgium, to investigate whether Se and/or Zn deficiency upon hospital admission correlates to disease severity and mortality risk in COVID-19 patients with or without comorbidities. Trace element concentrations along with additional biomarkers were determined in serum or plasma and associated to disease severity and outcome. An insufficient Se
and/or Zn status upon hospital admission was associated with a higher mortality rate and a more severe disease course in the entire study group, especially in the senior population. In comparison to healthy European adults, the patients displayed strongly depressed total Se (mean ± SD: 59.2 ± 20.6 vs. 84.4 ± 23.4 μg L−1) and SELENOP (mean ± SD: 2.2 ± 1.9 vs. 4.3 ± 1.0 mg L−1) concentrations at hospital admission. Particularly strong associations were observed for death risk of cancer, diabetes and chronic cardiac disease patients with low Se status, and of diabetes and obese patients with Zn deficiency. A composite biomarker based on serum or plasma Se, SELENOP and Zn at hospital
admission proved to be a reliable tool to predict severe COVID-19 course and death, or mild disease course. We conclude that trace element assessment at hospital admission may contribute to a better stratification of patients with COVID-19 and other similar infectious diseases, support clinical care, therapeutic interventions and adjuvant supplementation needs, and may prove of particular relevance for patients with relevant comorbidities.}},
  articleno    = {{3304}},
  author       = {{Du Laing, Gijs and Petrovic, Mirko and Lachat, Carl and De Boevre, Marthe and Klingenberg, Georg and Sun, Qian and De Saeger, Sarah and De Clercq, Jozefien and Ide, Louis and Vandekerckhove, Linos and Schomburg, Lutz}},
  issn         = {{2072-6643}},
  journal      = {{NUTRIENTS}},
  keywords     = {{micronutrient,nutrition,biomarker,diabetes,cancer,ACUTE-PHASE RESPONSE,SELENIUM STATUS,IMMUNE-RESPONSE,SERUM SELENIUM,INFLAMMATION,DEFICIENCY,THERAPY}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{10}},
  pages        = {{16}},
  title        = {{Course and survival of COVID-19 patients with comorbidities in relation to the trace element status at hospital admission}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13103304}},
  volume       = {{13}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}
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