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Simple synthetic routes to carbene-M-amido (M=Cu, Ag, Au) complexes for luminescence and photocatalysis applications

Nikolaos Tzouras, Ekaterina Martynova, Xinyuan Ma, Thomas Scattolin (UGent) , Benjamin Hupp, Hendrik Busen, Marina Saab, Ziyun Zhang, Laura Falivene, Gianmarco Pisanò, et al.
(2021) CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL. 27(46). p.11904-11911
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Abstract
The development of novel and operationally simple synthetic routes to carbene-metal-amido (CMA) complexes of copper, silver and gold relevant for photonic applications are reported. A mild base and sustainable solvents allow all reactions to be conducted in air and at room temperature, leading to high yields of the targeted compounds even on multigram scales. The effect of various mild bases on the N-H metallation was studied in silico and experimentally, while a mechanochemical, solvent-free synthetic approach was also developed. Our photophysical studies on [M(NHC)(Cbz)] (Cbz=carbazolyl) indicate that the occurrence of fluorescent or phosphorescent states is determined primarily by the metal, providing control over the excited state properties. Consequently, we demonstrate the potential of the new CMAs beyond luminescence applications by employing a selected CMA as a photocatalyst. The exemplified synthetic ease is expected to accelerate the applications of CMAs in photocatalysis and materials chemistry.
Keywords
carbene-metal-amides, coinage metal-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes, mechanochemistry, photocatalysis, synthetic methods, N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENE, REACTIVITY, COPPER, PHOTOEMITTERS, NHC

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MLA
Tzouras, Nikolaos, et al. “Simple Synthetic Routes to Carbene-M-Amido (M=Cu, Ag, Au) Complexes for Luminescence and Photocatalysis Applications.” CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, vol. 27, no. 46, 2021, pp. 11904–11, doi:10.1002/chem.202101476.
APA
Tzouras, N., Martynova, E., Ma, X., Scattolin, T., Hupp, B., Busen, H., … Nolan, S. (2021). Simple synthetic routes to carbene-M-amido (M=Cu, Ag, Au) complexes for luminescence and photocatalysis applications. CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, 27(46), 11904–11911. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202101476
Chicago author-date
Tzouras, Nikolaos, Ekaterina Martynova, Xinyuan Ma, Thomas Scattolin, Benjamin Hupp, Hendrik Busen, Marina Saab, et al. 2021. “Simple Synthetic Routes to Carbene-M-Amido (M=Cu, Ag, Au) Complexes for Luminescence and Photocatalysis Applications.” CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL 27 (46): 11904–11. https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202101476.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Tzouras, Nikolaos, Ekaterina Martynova, Xinyuan Ma, Thomas Scattolin, Benjamin Hupp, Hendrik Busen, Marina Saab, Ziyun Zhang, Laura Falivene, Gianmarco Pisanò, Kristof Van Hecke, Luigi Cavallo, Catherine Cazin, Andreas Steffen, and Steven Nolan. 2021. “Simple Synthetic Routes to Carbene-M-Amido (M=Cu, Ag, Au) Complexes for Luminescence and Photocatalysis Applications.” CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL 27 (46): 11904–11911. doi:10.1002/chem.202101476.
Vancouver
1.
Tzouras N, Martynova E, Ma X, Scattolin T, Hupp B, Busen H, et al. Simple synthetic routes to carbene-M-amido (M=Cu, Ag, Au) complexes for luminescence and photocatalysis applications. CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL. 2021;27(46):11904–11.
IEEE
[1]
N. Tzouras et al., “Simple synthetic routes to carbene-M-amido (M=Cu, Ag, Au) complexes for luminescence and photocatalysis applications,” CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL, vol. 27, no. 46, pp. 11904–11911, 2021.
@article{8720188,
  abstract     = {{The development of novel and operationally simple synthetic routes to carbene-metal-amido (CMA) complexes of copper, silver and gold relevant for photonic applications are reported. A mild base and sustainable solvents allow all reactions to be conducted in air and at room temperature, leading to high yields of the targeted compounds even on multigram scales. The effect of various mild bases on the N-H metallation was studied in silico and experimentally, while a mechanochemical, solvent-free synthetic approach was also developed. Our photophysical studies on [M(NHC)(Cbz)] (Cbz=carbazolyl) indicate that the occurrence of fluorescent or phosphorescent states is determined primarily by the metal, providing control over the excited state properties. Consequently, we demonstrate the potential of the new CMAs beyond luminescence applications by employing a selected CMA as a photocatalyst. The exemplified synthetic ease is expected to accelerate the applications of CMAs in photocatalysis and materials chemistry.}},
  author       = {{Tzouras, Nikolaos and Martynova, Ekaterina and Ma, Xinyuan and Scattolin, Thomas and Hupp, Benjamin and Busen, Hendrik and Saab, Marina and Zhang, Ziyun and Falivene, Laura and Pisanò, Gianmarco and Van Hecke, Kristof and Cavallo, Luigi and Cazin, Catherine and Steffen, Andreas and Nolan, Steven}},
  issn         = {{0947-6539}},
  journal      = {{CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL}},
  keywords     = {{carbene-metal-amides,coinage metal-N-heterocyclic carbene complexes,mechanochemistry,photocatalysis,synthetic methods,N-HETEROCYCLIC CARBENE,REACTIVITY,COPPER,PHOTOEMITTERS,NHC}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{46}},
  pages        = {{11904--11911}},
  title        = {{Simple synthetic routes to carbene-M-amido (M=Cu, Ag, Au) complexes for luminescence and photocatalysis applications}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1002/chem.202101476}},
  volume       = {{27}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}
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