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Phosphorus puts a mortgage on restoration of species-rich grasslands on former agricultural land

E. P. Goossens, An De Schrijver (UGent) , Stephanie Schelfhout (UGent) , Margot Vanhellemont (UGent) , Kris Verheyen (UGent) and Jan Mertens (UGent)
(2022) RESTORATION ECOLOGY. 30(4).
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Abstract
Large-scale biodiversity loss is one of the most urgent global issues. The Convention on Biological Diversity created a vision to ecologically restore ecosystems by 2050. The European Union follows this ambition, and member states are required to select Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) to develop and restore; one example is species-rich semi-natural grassland. Species-rich grassland restoration requires time for restoring both abiotic conditions, e.g. low soil phosphorus concentrations, and biotic conditions, e.g. introduction of missing species. For 507 grasslands (in northern Belgium) situated in SACs, we calculated the time needed for restoring necessary phosphorus-poor conditions. Only 11% of the grasslands already met the strictest phosphorus-target. We found that less than a fourth of the other 452 grasslands will reach this phosphorus-target by 2050 through mowing. P-mining, a more intensive technique involving fertilization of nitrogen and potassium, could help achieve this phosphorus-target on about slightly more than a third of these grasslands by 2050. The soil iron concentration strongly affected the restoration times. A total of 65% of the grasslands will require alternatives like topsoil removal or selection of a different, less ambitious grassland target. These calculations do not include the time needed for biotic restoration. Because grassland restoration is a long-term process, we advocate better protection of still existing species-rich grasslands. Restoration is a last resort in safe-guarding biodiversity.
Keywords
Abiotic restoration, biodiversity decline, Natura 2000, phosphorus mining, semi-natural grasslands, traditional haymaking, AVAILABLE SOIL-PHOSPHORUS, TOPSOIL REMOVAL, NITROGEN DEPOSITION, PLANT, DIVERSITY, PHOSPHATE, HABITAT, BIODIVERSITY, LIMITATION, ENRICHMENT

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Citation

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MLA
Goossens, E. P., et al. “Phosphorus Puts a Mortgage on Restoration of Species-Rich Grasslands on Former Agricultural Land.” RESTORATION ECOLOGY, vol. 30, no. 4, 2022, doi:10.1111/rec.13523.
APA
Goossens, E. P., De Schrijver, A., Schelfhout, S., Vanhellemont, M., Verheyen, K., & Mertens, J. (2022). Phosphorus puts a mortgage on restoration of species-rich grasslands on former agricultural land. RESTORATION ECOLOGY, 30(4). https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13523
Chicago author-date
Goossens, E. P., An De Schrijver, Stephanie Schelfhout, Margot Vanhellemont, Kris Verheyen, and Jan Mertens. 2022. “Phosphorus Puts a Mortgage on Restoration of Species-Rich Grasslands on Former Agricultural Land.” RESTORATION ECOLOGY 30 (4). https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13523.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Goossens, E. P., An De Schrijver, Stephanie Schelfhout, Margot Vanhellemont, Kris Verheyen, and Jan Mertens. 2022. “Phosphorus Puts a Mortgage on Restoration of Species-Rich Grasslands on Former Agricultural Land.” RESTORATION ECOLOGY 30 (4). doi:10.1111/rec.13523.
Vancouver
1.
Goossens EP, De Schrijver A, Schelfhout S, Vanhellemont M, Verheyen K, Mertens J. Phosphorus puts a mortgage on restoration of species-rich grasslands on former agricultural land. RESTORATION ECOLOGY. 2022;30(4).
IEEE
[1]
E. P. Goossens, A. De Schrijver, S. Schelfhout, M. Vanhellemont, K. Verheyen, and J. Mertens, “Phosphorus puts a mortgage on restoration of species-rich grasslands on former agricultural land,” RESTORATION ECOLOGY, vol. 30, no. 4, 2022.
@article{8719973,
  abstract     = {{Large-scale biodiversity loss is one of the most urgent global issues. The Convention on Biological Diversity created a vision to ecologically restore ecosystems by 2050. The European Union follows this ambition, and member states are required to select Special Areas of Conservation (SACs) to develop and restore; one example is species-rich semi-natural grassland. Species-rich grassland restoration requires time for restoring both abiotic conditions, e.g. low soil phosphorus concentrations, and biotic conditions, e.g. introduction of missing species. For 507 grasslands (in northern Belgium) situated in SACs, we calculated the time needed for restoring necessary phosphorus-poor conditions. Only 11% of the grasslands already met the strictest phosphorus-target. We found that less than a fourth of the other 452 grasslands will reach this phosphorus-target by 2050 through mowing. P-mining, a more intensive technique involving fertilization of nitrogen and potassium, could help achieve this phosphorus-target on about slightly more than a third of these grasslands by 2050. The soil iron concentration strongly affected the restoration times. A total of 65% of the grasslands will require alternatives like topsoil removal or selection of a different, less ambitious grassland target. These calculations do not include the time needed for biotic restoration. Because grassland restoration is a long-term process, we advocate better protection of still existing species-rich grasslands. Restoration is a last resort in safe-guarding biodiversity.}},
  articleno    = {{e13523}},
  author       = {{Goossens, E. P. and De Schrijver, An and Schelfhout, Stephanie and Vanhellemont, Margot and Verheyen, Kris and Mertens, Jan}},
  issn         = {{1061-2971}},
  journal      = {{RESTORATION ECOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Abiotic restoration,biodiversity decline,Natura 2000,phosphorus mining,semi-natural grasslands,traditional haymaking,AVAILABLE SOIL-PHOSPHORUS,TOPSOIL REMOVAL,NITROGEN DEPOSITION,PLANT,DIVERSITY,PHOSPHATE,HABITAT,BIODIVERSITY,LIMITATION,ENRICHMENT}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{10}},
  title        = {{Phosphorus puts a mortgage on restoration of species-rich grasslands on former agricultural land}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1111/rec.13523}},
  volume       = {{30}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}
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