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Determinants of farmers' level of interaction with agricultural extension agencies in northwest Ethiopia

Yemane Asmelash Gebremariam (UGent) , Joost Dessein (UGent) , Beneberu Assefa Wondimagegnhu, Mark Breusers, Lutgart Lenaerts (UGent) , Enyew Adgo, Zemen Ayalew, Amare Sewenet Minale and Jan Nyssen (UGent)
(2021) SUSTAINABILITY. 13(6).
Author
Organization
Abstract
This research identifies critical determinants for interactions between farmers and extension agencies. Cross-sectional farm household-level data from three hundred household heads were collected between September 2019 and March 2020 and triangulated with data from workshops with farmers and extension agents. The data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient, Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance and the ordered probit model. Farmers' socio-economic characteristics significantly affect their degree of interaction with extension agencies. Recognition of the determinants of the level of farmers' interactions can inform policymakers about how to formulate and improve the effectiveness of extension programs, enhance information and knowledge dissemination and facilitate development in collaboration with local communities by focusing on a better interaction between farmers and extension agencies. The level of a farmer's interactions is based on a systematic decision-making process. Although personal and demographic characteristics are important, farmers' interaction levels require conducive institutional and household assets, groups/social capital and access to extension agents' contexts. These contexts will differ by household, country and region. Therefore, extension agencies should create and design contextually appropriate strategies for substantial interactions with farmers for the dissemination of farm information. This research is original and valuable in identifying the factors associated with the level of farmers' interactions with extension agencies in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. It also provides a new pathway for operationalizing farmer-oriented agricultural extension policies and strategies and to help agricultural policymakers formulate extension service programs.
Keywords
determinants, interaction, public extension, ordered probit model, Ethiopia, LAND MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES, COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES, SMALLHOLDER FARMERS, INCOME DIVERSIFICATION, ADOPTION, PARTICIPATION, IMPACT, INFORMATION, IRRIGATION, HOUSEHOLDS

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Citation

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MLA
Gebremariam, Yemane Asmelash, et al. “Determinants of Farmers’ Level of Interaction with Agricultural Extension Agencies in Northwest Ethiopia.” SUSTAINABILITY, vol. 13, no. 6, 2021, doi:10.3390/su13063447.
APA
Gebremariam, Y. A., Dessein, J., Wondimagegnhu, B. A., Breusers, M., Lenaerts, L., Adgo, E., … Nyssen, J. (2021). Determinants of farmers’ level of interaction with agricultural extension agencies in northwest Ethiopia. SUSTAINABILITY, 13(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063447
Chicago author-date
Gebremariam, Yemane Asmelash, Joost Dessein, Beneberu Assefa Wondimagegnhu, Mark Breusers, Lutgart Lenaerts, Enyew Adgo, Zemen Ayalew, Amare Sewenet Minale, and Jan Nyssen. 2021. “Determinants of Farmers’ Level of Interaction with Agricultural Extension Agencies in Northwest Ethiopia.” SUSTAINABILITY 13 (6). https://doi.org/10.3390/su13063447.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Gebremariam, Yemane Asmelash, Joost Dessein, Beneberu Assefa Wondimagegnhu, Mark Breusers, Lutgart Lenaerts, Enyew Adgo, Zemen Ayalew, Amare Sewenet Minale, and Jan Nyssen. 2021. “Determinants of Farmers’ Level of Interaction with Agricultural Extension Agencies in Northwest Ethiopia.” SUSTAINABILITY 13 (6). doi:10.3390/su13063447.
Vancouver
1.
Gebremariam YA, Dessein J, Wondimagegnhu BA, Breusers M, Lenaerts L, Adgo E, et al. Determinants of farmers’ level of interaction with agricultural extension agencies in northwest Ethiopia. SUSTAINABILITY. 2021;13(6).
IEEE
[1]
Y. A. Gebremariam et al., “Determinants of farmers’ level of interaction with agricultural extension agencies in northwest Ethiopia,” SUSTAINABILITY, vol. 13, no. 6, 2021.
@article{8718501,
  abstract     = {{This research identifies critical determinants for interactions between farmers and extension agencies. Cross-sectional farm household-level data from three hundred household heads were collected between September 2019 and March 2020 and triangulated with data from workshops with farmers and extension agents. The data were analyzed using Spearman's correlation coefficient, Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance and the ordered probit model. Farmers' socio-economic characteristics significantly affect their degree of interaction with extension agencies. Recognition of the determinants of the level of farmers' interactions can inform policymakers about how to formulate and improve the effectiveness of extension programs, enhance information and knowledge dissemination and facilitate development in collaboration with local communities by focusing on a better interaction between farmers and extension agencies. The level of a farmer's interactions is based on a systematic decision-making process. Although personal and demographic characteristics are important, farmers' interaction levels require conducive institutional and household assets, groups/social capital and access to extension agents' contexts. These contexts will differ by household, country and region. Therefore, extension agencies should create and design contextually appropriate strategies for substantial interactions with farmers for the dissemination of farm information. This research is original and valuable in identifying the factors associated with the level of farmers' interactions with extension agencies in the Amhara region, Ethiopia. It also provides a new pathway for operationalizing farmer-oriented agricultural extension policies and strategies and to help agricultural policymakers formulate extension service programs.}},
  articleno    = {{3447}},
  author       = {{Gebremariam, Yemane Asmelash and Dessein, Joost and Wondimagegnhu, Beneberu Assefa and Breusers, Mark and Lenaerts, Lutgart and Adgo, Enyew and Ayalew, Zemen and Minale, Amare Sewenet and Nyssen, Jan}},
  issn         = {{2071-1050}},
  journal      = {{SUSTAINABILITY}},
  keywords     = {{determinants,interaction,public extension,ordered probit model,Ethiopia,LAND MANAGEMENT-PRACTICES,COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES,SMALLHOLDER FARMERS,INCOME DIVERSIFICATION,ADOPTION,PARTICIPATION,IMPACT,INFORMATION,IRRIGATION,HOUSEHOLDS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{24}},
  title        = {{Determinants of farmers' level of interaction with agricultural extension agencies in northwest Ethiopia}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3390/su13063447}},
  volume       = {{13}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}
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