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Imaging of treatment response and minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma : state of the art WB-MRI and PET/CT

(2022) SKELETAL RADIOLOGY. 51. p.59-80
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Abstract
Bone imaging has been intimately associated with the diagnosis and staging of multiple myeloma (MM) for more than 5 decades, as the presence of bone lesions indicates advanced disease and dictates treatment initiation. The methods used have been evolving, and the historical radiographic skeletal survey has been replaced by whole body CT, whole body MRI (WB-MRI) and [F-18]FDG-PET/CT for the detection of bone marrow lesions and less frequent extramedullary plasmacytomas. Beyond diagnosis, imaging methods are expected to provide the clinician with evaluation of the response to treatment. Imaging techniques are consistently challenged as treatments become more and more efficient, inducing profound response, with more subtle residual disease. WB-MRI and FDG-PET/CT are the methods of choice to address these challenges, being able to assess disease progression or response and to detect "minimal" residual disease, providing key prognostic information and guiding necessary change of treatment. This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the WB-MRI and PET/CT techniques, their observations in responsive and progressive disease and their role and limitations in capturing minimal residual disease. It reviews trials assessing these techniques for response evaluation, points out the limited comparisons between both methods and highlights their complementarity with most recent molecular methods (next-generation flow cytometry, next-generation sequencing) to detect minimal residual disease. It underlines the important role of PET/MRI technology as a research tool to compare the effectiveness and complementarity of both methods to address the key clinical questions.
Keywords
Multiple myeloma, Treatment response, MRI, PET, CT, Biomarkers, Cancer, POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY, WHOLE-BODY MRI, CONTRAST-ENHANCED MRI, INTERNATIONAL STAGING SYSTEM, PLASMA-CELL DISORDERS, BONE-MARROW, F-18-FDG PET/CT, MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY, COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY, CONSENSUS STATEMENT

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MLA
Lecouvet, FE, et al. “Imaging of Treatment Response and Minimal Residual Disease in Multiple Myeloma : State of the Art WB-MRI and PET/CT.” SKELETAL RADIOLOGY, vol. 51, 2022, pp. 59–80, doi:10.1007/s00256-021-03841-5.
APA
Lecouvet, F., Vekemans, M., Van Den Berghe, T., Verstraete, K., Kirchgesner, T., Acid, S., … Vande Berg, B. (2022). Imaging of treatment response and minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma : state of the art WB-MRI and PET/CT. SKELETAL RADIOLOGY, 51, 59–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-021-03841-5
Chicago author-date
Lecouvet, FE, MC Vekemans, Thomas Van Den Berghe, Koenraad Verstraete, T Kirchgesner, S Acid, J Malghem, et al. 2022. “Imaging of Treatment Response and Minimal Residual Disease in Multiple Myeloma : State of the Art WB-MRI and PET/CT.” SKELETAL RADIOLOGY 51: 59–80. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-021-03841-5.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Lecouvet, FE, MC Vekemans, Thomas Van Den Berghe, Koenraad Verstraete, T Kirchgesner, S Acid, J Malghem, J Wuts, J Hillengass, V Vandecaveye, F Jamar, O Gheysens, and BC Vande Berg. 2022. “Imaging of Treatment Response and Minimal Residual Disease in Multiple Myeloma : State of the Art WB-MRI and PET/CT.” SKELETAL RADIOLOGY 51: 59–80. doi:10.1007/s00256-021-03841-5.
Vancouver
1.
Lecouvet F, Vekemans M, Van Den Berghe T, Verstraete K, Kirchgesner T, Acid S, et al. Imaging of treatment response and minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma : state of the art WB-MRI and PET/CT. SKELETAL RADIOLOGY. 2022;51:59–80.
IEEE
[1]
F. Lecouvet et al., “Imaging of treatment response and minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma : state of the art WB-MRI and PET/CT,” SKELETAL RADIOLOGY, vol. 51, pp. 59–80, 2022.
@article{8718441,
  abstract     = {{Bone imaging has been intimately associated with the diagnosis and staging of multiple myeloma (MM) for more than 5 decades, as the presence of bone lesions indicates advanced disease and dictates treatment initiation. The methods used have been evolving, and the historical radiographic skeletal survey has been replaced by whole body CT, whole body MRI (WB-MRI) and [F-18]FDG-PET/CT for the detection of bone marrow lesions and less frequent extramedullary plasmacytomas. Beyond diagnosis, imaging methods are expected to provide the clinician with evaluation of the response to treatment. Imaging techniques are consistently challenged as treatments become more and more efficient, inducing profound response, with more subtle residual disease. WB-MRI and FDG-PET/CT are the methods of choice to address these challenges, being able to assess disease progression or response and to detect "minimal" residual disease, providing key prognostic information and guiding necessary change of treatment. This paper provides an up-to-date overview of the WB-MRI and PET/CT techniques, their observations in responsive and progressive disease and their role and limitations in capturing minimal residual disease. It reviews trials assessing these techniques for response evaluation, points out the limited comparisons between both methods and highlights their complementarity with most recent molecular methods (next-generation flow cytometry, next-generation sequencing) to detect minimal residual disease. It underlines the important role of PET/MRI technology as a research tool to compare the effectiveness and complementarity of both methods to address the key clinical questions.}},
  author       = {{Lecouvet, FE and Vekemans, MC and Van Den Berghe, Thomas and Verstraete, Koenraad and Kirchgesner, T and Acid, S and Malghem, J and Wuts, J and Hillengass, J and Vandecaveye, V and Jamar, F and Gheysens, O and Vande Berg, BC}},
  issn         = {{0364-2348}},
  journal      = {{SKELETAL RADIOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Multiple myeloma,Treatment response,MRI,PET,CT,Biomarkers,Cancer,POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY,WHOLE-BODY MRI,CONTRAST-ENHANCED MRI,INTERNATIONAL STAGING SYSTEM,PLASMA-CELL DISORDERS,BONE-MARROW,F-18-FDG PET/CT,MONOCLONAL GAMMOPATHY,COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY,CONSENSUS STATEMENT}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{59--80}},
  title        = {{Imaging of treatment response and minimal residual disease in multiple myeloma : state of the art WB-MRI and PET/CT}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s00256-021-03841-5}},
  volume       = {{51}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}

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