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Population collapse or human resilience in response to the 9.3 and 8.2 ka cooling events : a multi-proxy analysis of Mesolithic occupation in the Scheldt basin (Belgium)

Elliot Van Maldegem (UGent) , Hans Vandendriessche (UGent) , Jeroen Verhegge (UGent) , Joris Sergant (UGent) , Erwin Meylemans, Yves Perdaen, Florian Lauryssen, Erik Smolders and Philippe Crombé (UGent)
(2021) JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY. 64.
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Abstract
This paper explores the impact of environmental, e.g. sea level rise, and climatic events, e.g. abrupt cooling events, on Mesolithic populations (ca. 11,350 to 6600 cal BP) living in the western Scheldt basin of Belgium and Northern France. The Mesolithic in this study-area has been extensively studied during the last few decades, leading to an extensive database of radiocarbon dates (n = 418), sites (n = 157) and excavated loci (n = 145). A multi-proxy analysis of this database reveals important changes both chronologically and geographically, which are interpreted in terms of population dynamics and changing mobility and land-use. The results suggest a population peak and high residential mobility in the Early Mesolithic, followed by a population shift and increased intra-basin mobility in the Middle Mesolithic, possibly triggered by the rapid inundation of the North Sea basin. The situation during the Late Mesolithic remains less clear but a possible reduction in the mobility seems likely. Currently there is little evidence supporting a causal link between these diachronic changes in human behavior and the 9.3 and 8.2 ka cooling events. Most of the observed changes seem more in response to long-term climatic and environmental changes during the Early and Middle Holocene, hinting at considerable resilience.
Keywords
Summed Probability Distributions, Climate events, Mesolithic, Prehistoric demography, Hunter-gatherer mobility, NW-Europe, TEMPORAL FREQUENCY-DISTRIBUTIONS, SUMMED PROBABILITY-DISTRIBUTION, HOLOCENE CLIMATE VARIABILITY, EQUILIBRIUM-LINE ALTITUDES, YR BP EVENT, RADIOCARBON-DATES, BONE APATITE, NEOLITHIC POPULATION, ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE, CULTURAL-EVOLUTION

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MLA
Van Maldegem, Elliot, et al. “Population Collapse or Human Resilience in Response to the 9.3 and 8.2 Ka Cooling Events : A Multi-Proxy Analysis of Mesolithic Occupation in the Scheldt Basin (Belgium).” JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY, vol. 64, 2021, doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2021.101348.
APA
Van Maldegem, E., Vandendriessche, H., Verhegge, J., Sergant, J., Meylemans, E., Perdaen, Y., … Crombé, P. (2021). Population collapse or human resilience in response to the 9.3 and 8.2 ka cooling events : a multi-proxy analysis of Mesolithic occupation in the Scheldt basin (Belgium). JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY, 64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2021.101348
Chicago author-date
Van Maldegem, Elliot, Hans Vandendriessche, Jeroen Verhegge, Joris Sergant, Erwin Meylemans, Yves Perdaen, Florian Lauryssen, Erik Smolders, and Philippe Crombé. 2021. “Population Collapse or Human Resilience in Response to the 9.3 and 8.2 Ka Cooling Events : A Multi-Proxy Analysis of Mesolithic Occupation in the Scheldt Basin (Belgium).” JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY 64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2021.101348.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Van Maldegem, Elliot, Hans Vandendriessche, Jeroen Verhegge, Joris Sergant, Erwin Meylemans, Yves Perdaen, Florian Lauryssen, Erik Smolders, and Philippe Crombé. 2021. “Population Collapse or Human Resilience in Response to the 9.3 and 8.2 Ka Cooling Events : A Multi-Proxy Analysis of Mesolithic Occupation in the Scheldt Basin (Belgium).” JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY 64. doi:10.1016/j.jaa.2021.101348.
Vancouver
1.
Van Maldegem E, Vandendriessche H, Verhegge J, Sergant J, Meylemans E, Perdaen Y, et al. Population collapse or human resilience in response to the 9.3 and 8.2 ka cooling events : a multi-proxy analysis of Mesolithic occupation in the Scheldt basin (Belgium). JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY. 2021;64.
IEEE
[1]
E. Van Maldegem et al., “Population collapse or human resilience in response to the 9.3 and 8.2 ka cooling events : a multi-proxy analysis of Mesolithic occupation in the Scheldt basin (Belgium),” JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY, vol. 64, 2021.
@article{8718027,
  abstract     = {{This paper explores the impact of environmental, e.g. sea level rise, and climatic events, e.g. abrupt cooling events, on Mesolithic populations (ca. 11,350 to 6600 cal BP) living in the western Scheldt basin of Belgium and Northern France. The Mesolithic in this study-area has been extensively studied during the last few decades, leading to an extensive database of radiocarbon dates (n = 418), sites (n = 157) and excavated loci (n = 145). A multi-proxy analysis of this database reveals important changes both chronologically and geographically, which are interpreted in terms of population dynamics and changing mobility and land-use. The results suggest a population peak and high residential mobility in the Early Mesolithic, followed by a population shift and increased intra-basin mobility in the Middle Mesolithic, possibly triggered by the rapid inundation of the North Sea basin. The situation during the Late Mesolithic remains less clear but a possible reduction in the mobility seems likely. Currently there is little evidence supporting a causal link between these diachronic changes in human behavior and the 9.3 and 8.2 ka cooling events. Most of the observed changes seem more in response to long-term climatic and environmental changes during the Early and Middle Holocene, hinting at considerable resilience.}},
  articleno    = {{101348}},
  author       = {{Van Maldegem, Elliot and Vandendriessche, Hans and Verhegge, Jeroen and Sergant, Joris and Meylemans, Erwin and Perdaen, Yves and Lauryssen, Florian and Smolders, Erik and Crombé, Philippe}},
  issn         = {{0278-4165}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF ANTHROPOLOGICAL ARCHAEOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Summed Probability Distributions,Climate events,Mesolithic,Prehistoric demography,Hunter-gatherer mobility,NW-Europe,TEMPORAL FREQUENCY-DISTRIBUTIONS,SUMMED PROBABILITY-DISTRIBUTION,HOLOCENE CLIMATE VARIABILITY,EQUILIBRIUM-LINE ALTITUDES,YR BP EVENT,RADIOCARBON-DATES,BONE APATITE,NEOLITHIC POPULATION,ENVIRONMENTAL-CHANGE,CULTURAL-EVOLUTION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{15}},
  title        = {{Population collapse or human resilience in response to the 9.3 and 8.2 ka cooling events : a multi-proxy analysis of Mesolithic occupation in the Scheldt basin (Belgium)}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaa.2021.101348}},
  volume       = {{64}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}
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