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Autonomous ships for container shipping in the Arctic routes

Ziaul Haque Munim, Rana Saha, Halvor Schøyen, Adolf K. Y. Ng and Theo Notteboom (UGent)
(2022) JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 27(1). p.320-334
Author
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Abstract
This study investigates the competitiveness of various autonomous ship categories for container shipping in the Arctic route. We propose a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework using four ship categories as alternatives and eight criteria for competitiveness evaluation. We analyse collected data using the Best-Worst Method (BWM), one of the recently developed MCDM methods. The findings reveal that operating expenses, navigation aspects, and environmental protection are the three most important criteria for deploying autonomous ships in the Arctic route. Among the three investigated autonomous ships alternatives, the semi-autonomous ship operated from a shore control centre (SCC) is prioritized for Arctic shipping in the foreseeable future, when benchmarked against the conventional ship. The SCC-controlled semi-autonomous ship alternative is competitive in the majority of the considered criteria including operating expenses, capital expenses, navigation, ship-shore and ship-ship communication, search and rescue, and environmental protection.
Keywords
Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Ocean Engineering, Oceanography, Autonomous ship, Arctic shipping, Multi-criteria decision-making, Northern sea route, Best-worst method, NORTHERN SEA ROUTE, PROFITABILITY PERSPECTIVES, IMPACT, COMPETITIVENESS, NETWORK, SYSTEMS

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MLA
Munim, Ziaul Haque, et al. “Autonomous Ships for Container Shipping in the Arctic Routes.” JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 27, no. 1, 2022, pp. 320–34, doi:10.1007/s00773-021-00836-8.
APA
Munim, Z. H., Saha, R., Schøyen, H., Ng, A. K. Y., & Notteboom, T. (2022). Autonomous ships for container shipping in the Arctic routes. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, 27(1), 320–334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-021-00836-8
Chicago author-date
Munim, Ziaul Haque, Rana Saha, Halvor Schøyen, Adolf K. Y. Ng, and Theo Notteboom. 2022. “Autonomous Ships for Container Shipping in the Arctic Routes.” JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 27 (1): 320–34. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-021-00836-8.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Munim, Ziaul Haque, Rana Saha, Halvor Schøyen, Adolf K. Y. Ng, and Theo Notteboom. 2022. “Autonomous Ships for Container Shipping in the Arctic Routes.” JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 27 (1): 320–334. doi:10.1007/s00773-021-00836-8.
Vancouver
1.
Munim ZH, Saha R, Schøyen H, Ng AKY, Notteboom T. Autonomous ships for container shipping in the Arctic routes. JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY. 2022;27(1):320–34.
IEEE
[1]
Z. H. Munim, R. Saha, H. Schøyen, A. K. Y. Ng, and T. Notteboom, “Autonomous ships for container shipping in the Arctic routes,” JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, vol. 27, no. 1, pp. 320–334, 2022.
@article{8716334,
  abstract     = {{This study investigates the competitiveness of various autonomous ship categories for container shipping in the Arctic route. We propose a multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework using four ship categories as alternatives and eight criteria for competitiveness evaluation. We analyse collected data using the Best-Worst Method (BWM), one of the recently developed MCDM methods. The findings reveal that operating expenses, navigation aspects, and environmental protection are the three most important criteria for deploying autonomous ships in the Arctic route. Among the three investigated autonomous ships alternatives, the semi-autonomous ship operated from a shore control centre (SCC) is prioritized for Arctic shipping in the foreseeable future, when benchmarked against the conventional ship. The SCC-controlled semi-autonomous ship alternative is competitive in the majority of the considered criteria including operating expenses, capital expenses, navigation, ship-shore and ship-ship communication, search and rescue, and environmental protection.}},
  author       = {{Munim, Ziaul Haque and Saha, Rana and Schøyen, Halvor and Ng, Adolf K. Y. and Notteboom, Theo}},
  issn         = {{0948-4280}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,Ocean Engineering,Oceanography,Autonomous ship,Arctic shipping,Multi-criteria decision-making,Northern sea route,Best-worst method,NORTHERN SEA ROUTE,PROFITABILITY PERSPECTIVES,IMPACT,COMPETITIVENESS,NETWORK,SYSTEMS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{320--334}},
  title        = {{Autonomous ships for container shipping in the Arctic routes}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s00773-021-00836-8}},
  volume       = {{27}},
  year         = {{2022}},
}
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