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Life cycle assessment of lithium-ion batteries and vanadium redox flow batteries-based renewable energy storage systems

Ligia da Silva Lima (UGent) , Mattijs Quartier, Astrid Buchmayr (UGent) , David Sanjuan Delmas (UGent) , Hannes Laget, Dominique Corbisier, Jan Mertens (UGent) and Jo Dewulf (UGent)
(2021) SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS. 46.
Author
Organization
Abstract
Renewable energy has become an important alternative to fossil energy, as it is associated with lower greenhouse gas emissions. However, the intermittent characteristic of renewables urges for energy storage systems, which play an important role in matching the supply and demand of renewable-based electricity. The life cycle of these storage systems results in environmental burdens, which are investigated in this study, focusing on lithium-ion and vanadium flow batteries for renewable energy (solar and wind) storage for grid applications. The impacts are assessed through a life cycle assessment covering the batteries supply phase, their use and end-of-life, with experimental data from test set-ups. The battery composition is investigated in detail as a factor for the final impacts, by comparing two types of cathodes for the lithium-ion battery and the use of recycled electrolyte for the vanadium flow battery. Results indicate that the vanadium-based storage system results in overall lower impacts when manufactured with 100% fresh raw materials, but the impacts are significantly lowered if 50% recycled electrolyte is used, with up to 45.2% lower acidification and 11.1% lower global warming potential. The new lithium-ion battery cathode chemistry results in overall higher impacts, with 41.7% more particulate matter and 52.2% more acidification.
Keywords
Stationary energy storage system, Electricity decarbonization, Solar energy, Wind energy, Energy transition, LUG-IN HYBRID, ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT, JOINT ORGANIZATION, PORTO ISEP, AVEIRO UA, TECHNOLOGIES, PERFORMANCE, INTEGRATION, UNIVERSITY, SCIENCE

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Citation

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MLA
da Silva Lima, Ligia, et al. “Life Cycle Assessment of Lithium-Ion Batteries and Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries-Based Renewable Energy Storage Systems.” SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS, vol. 46, 2021, doi:10.1016/j.seta.2021.101286.
APA
da Silva Lima, L., Quartier, M., Buchmayr, A., Sanjuan Delmas, D., Laget, H., Corbisier, D., … Dewulf, J. (2021). Life cycle assessment of lithium-ion batteries and vanadium redox flow batteries-based renewable energy storage systems. SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS, 46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101286
Chicago author-date
Silva Lima, Ligia da, Mattijs Quartier, Astrid Buchmayr, David Sanjuan Delmas, Hannes Laget, Dominique Corbisier, Jan Mertens, and Jo Dewulf. 2021. “Life Cycle Assessment of Lithium-Ion Batteries and Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries-Based Renewable Energy Storage Systems.” SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS 46. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101286.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
da Silva Lima, Ligia, Mattijs Quartier, Astrid Buchmayr, David Sanjuan Delmas, Hannes Laget, Dominique Corbisier, Jan Mertens, and Jo Dewulf. 2021. “Life Cycle Assessment of Lithium-Ion Batteries and Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries-Based Renewable Energy Storage Systems.” SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS 46. doi:10.1016/j.seta.2021.101286.
Vancouver
1.
da Silva Lima L, Quartier M, Buchmayr A, Sanjuan Delmas D, Laget H, Corbisier D, et al. Life cycle assessment of lithium-ion batteries and vanadium redox flow batteries-based renewable energy storage systems. SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS. 2021;46.
IEEE
[1]
L. da Silva Lima et al., “Life cycle assessment of lithium-ion batteries and vanadium redox flow batteries-based renewable energy storage systems,” SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS, vol. 46, 2021.
@article{8710267,
  abstract     = {{Renewable energy has become an important alternative to fossil energy, as it is associated with lower greenhouse
gas emissions. However, the intermittent characteristic of renewables urges for energy storage systems, which
play an important role in matching the supply and demand of renewable-based electricity. The life cycle of these
storage systems results in environmental burdens, which are investigated in this study, focusing on lithium-ion
and vanadium flow batteries for renewable energy (solar and wind) storage for grid applications. The impacts are
assessed through a life cycle assessment covering the batteries supply phase, their use and end-of-life, with
experimental data from test set-ups. The battery composition is investigated in detail as a factor for the final
impacts, by comparing two types of cathodes for the lithium-ion battery and the use of recycled electrolyte for
the vanadium flow battery. Results indicate that the vanadium-based storage system results in overall lower
impacts when manufactured with 100% fresh raw materials, but the impacts are significantly lowered if 50%
recycled electrolyte is used, with up to 45.2% lower acidification and 11.1% lower global warming potential. The
new lithium-ion battery cathode chemistry results in overall higher impacts, with 41.7% more particulate matter
and 52.2% more acidification.}},
  articleno    = {{101286}},
  author       = {{da Silva Lima, Ligia and Quartier, Mattijs and Buchmayr, Astrid and Sanjuan Delmas, David and Laget, Hannes and Corbisier, Dominique and Mertens, Jan and Dewulf, Jo}},
  issn         = {{2213-1388}},
  journal      = {{SUSTAINABLE ENERGY TECHNOLOGIES AND ASSESSMENTS}},
  keywords     = {{Stationary energy storage system,Electricity decarbonization,Solar energy,Wind energy,Energy transition,LUG-IN HYBRID,ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT,JOINT ORGANIZATION,PORTO ISEP,AVEIRO UA,TECHNOLOGIES,PERFORMANCE,INTEGRATION,UNIVERSITY,SCIENCE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{13}},
  title        = {{Life cycle assessment of lithium-ion batteries and vanadium redox flow batteries-based renewable energy storage systems}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.seta.2021.101286}},
  volume       = {{46}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}
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