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Thiol-norbornene gelatin hydrogels : influence of thiolated crosslinker on network properties and high definition 3D printing

(2021) BIOFABRICATION. 13(1).
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Abstract
Photocrosslinkable gelatin hydrogels are excellent bioinks or biomaterial ink components to serve biofabrication applications. Especially the widely investigated gelatin-methacroyl (gel-MA) hydrogels hold an impressive track record. However, over the past decade, increasing attention is being paid to thiol-ene photo-click chemistry to obtain hydrogel networks benefitting from a faster reactivity (i.e. seconds vs minutes) along with superior biocompatibility and processability. In order to exploit this photo-click chemistry, often an ene-functionality (e.g. norbornene) is introduced onto gelatin followed by crosslinking in the presence of a multifunctional thiol (e.g. dithiothreitol). To date, very limited research has been performed on the influence of the applied thiolated crosslinker on the final hydrogel properties. Therefore, the present work assesses the influence of different thiolated crosslinkers on the crosslinking kinetics, mechanical properties and biological performance of the hydrogels upon encapsulation of primary adipose tissue-derived stem cells which indicated a cell viability exceeding 70%. Furthermore, the different formulations were processed using two-photon polymerization which indicated, in addition to differences in processing window and swelling ratio, a previously unreported phenomenon. At high intensities (i.e. 150 mW), the laser results in cleavage of the gelatin backbone even in the absence of distinct photo-cleavable functionalities. This can have potential to introduce channels or softer regions in gels to result in zones characterized by different degradation speeds or the formation of blood vessels. Consequently, the present study can be used to provide guidance towards tailoring the thiol-ene system towards the desired applications.
Keywords
gelatin, thiol-ene chemistry, crosslinker, multiphoton lithography, biofabrication, ENCAPSULATION, DEGRADATION, SCAFFOLDS, INITIATOR, POWERFUL, LINKING, TOOL

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MLA
Van Hoorick, Jasper, et al. “Thiol-Norbornene Gelatin Hydrogels : Influence of Thiolated Crosslinker on Network Properties and High Definition 3D Printing.” BIOFABRICATION, vol. 13, no. 1, 2021, doi:10.1088/1758-5090/abc95f.
APA
Van Hoorick, J., Dobos, A., Markovic, M., Gheysens, T., Van Damme, L., Gruber, P., … Van Vlierberghe, S. (2021). Thiol-norbornene gelatin hydrogels : influence of thiolated crosslinker on network properties and high definition 3D printing. BIOFABRICATION, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/abc95f
Chicago author-date
Van Hoorick, Jasper, Agnes Dobos, Marica Markovic, Tom Gheysens, Lana Van Damme, Peter Gruber, Liesbeth Tytgat, et al. 2021. “Thiol-Norbornene Gelatin Hydrogels : Influence of Thiolated Crosslinker on Network Properties and High Definition 3D Printing.” BIOFABRICATION 13 (1). https://doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/abc95f.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Van Hoorick, Jasper, Agnes Dobos, Marica Markovic, Tom Gheysens, Lana Van Damme, Peter Gruber, Liesbeth Tytgat, Jürgen Van Erps, Hugo Thienpont, Peter Dubruel, Aleksandr Ovsianikov, and Sandra Van Vlierberghe. 2021. “Thiol-Norbornene Gelatin Hydrogels : Influence of Thiolated Crosslinker on Network Properties and High Definition 3D Printing.” BIOFABRICATION 13 (1). doi:10.1088/1758-5090/abc95f.
Vancouver
1.
Van Hoorick J, Dobos A, Markovic M, Gheysens T, Van Damme L, Gruber P, et al. Thiol-norbornene gelatin hydrogels : influence of thiolated crosslinker on network properties and high definition 3D printing. BIOFABRICATION. 2021;13(1).
IEEE
[1]
J. Van Hoorick et al., “Thiol-norbornene gelatin hydrogels : influence of thiolated crosslinker on network properties and high definition 3D printing,” BIOFABRICATION, vol. 13, no. 1, 2021.
@article{8705644,
  abstract     = {{Photocrosslinkable gelatin hydrogels are excellent bioinks or biomaterial ink components to serve biofabrication applications. Especially the widely investigated gelatin-methacroyl (gel-MA) hydrogels hold an impressive track record. However, over the past decade, increasing attention is being paid to thiol-ene photo-click chemistry to obtain hydrogel networks benefitting from a faster reactivity (i.e. seconds vs minutes) along with superior biocompatibility and processability. In order to exploit this photo-click chemistry, often an ene-functionality (e.g. norbornene) is introduced onto gelatin followed by crosslinking in the presence of a multifunctional thiol (e.g. dithiothreitol). To date, very limited research has been performed on the influence of the applied thiolated crosslinker on the final hydrogel properties. Therefore, the present work assesses the influence of different thiolated crosslinkers on the crosslinking kinetics, mechanical properties and biological performance of the hydrogels upon encapsulation of primary adipose tissue-derived stem cells which indicated a cell viability exceeding 70%. Furthermore, the different formulations were processed using two-photon polymerization which indicated, in addition to differences in processing window and swelling ratio, a previously unreported phenomenon. At high intensities (i.e. 150 mW), the laser results in cleavage of the gelatin backbone even in the absence of distinct photo-cleavable functionalities. This can have potential to introduce channels or softer regions in gels to result in zones characterized by different degradation speeds or the formation of blood vessels. Consequently, the present study can be used to provide guidance towards tailoring the thiol-ene system towards the desired applications.}},
  articleno    = {{015017}},
  author       = {{Van Hoorick, Jasper and Dobos, Agnes and Markovic, Marica and Gheysens, Tom and Van Damme, Lana and Gruber, Peter and Tytgat, Liesbeth and Van Erps, Jürgen and Thienpont, Hugo and Dubruel, Peter and Ovsianikov, Aleksandr and Van Vlierberghe, Sandra}},
  issn         = {{1758-5082}},
  journal      = {{BIOFABRICATION}},
  keywords     = {{gelatin,thiol-ene chemistry,crosslinker,multiphoton lithography,biofabrication,ENCAPSULATION,DEGRADATION,SCAFFOLDS,INITIATOR,POWERFUL,LINKING,TOOL}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{22}},
  title        = {{Thiol-norbornene gelatin hydrogels : influence of thiolated crosslinker on network properties and high definition 3D printing}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/abc95f}},
  volume       = {{13}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

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