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Seedling developmental defects upon blocking CINNAMATE‐4‐HYDROXYLASE are caused by perturbations in auxin transport

Ilias El Houari (UGent) , Caroline Van Beirs (UGent) , Helena Arents (UGent) , Huibin Han, Alexandra Alvarenga Chanoca (UGent) , Davy Opdenacker (UGent) , Jacob Pollier (UGent) , Veronique Storme (UGent) , Ward Steenackers, Mussa Quareshy, et al.
(2021) NEW PHYTOLOGIST. 230(6). p.2275-2291
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Abstract
• The phenylpropanoid pathway serves a central role in plant metabolism, providing numerous compounds involved in diverse physiological processes. Most carbon entering the pathway is incorporated into lignin. Although several phenylpropanoid pathway mutants show seedling growth arrest, the role for lignin in seedling growth and development is unexplored. • We use complementary pharmacological and genetic approaches to block CINNAMATE‐4‐HYDROXYLASE (C4H) functionality in Arabidopsis seedlings and a set of molecular and biochemical techniques to investigate the underlying phenotypes. • Blocking C4H resulted in reduced lateral rooting and increased adventitious rooting apically in the hypocotyl. These phenotypes coincided with an inhibition in auxin transport. The upstream accumulation in cis‐cinnamic acid was found to likely cause polar auxin transport inhibition. Conversely, a downstream depletion in lignin perturbed phloem‐mediated auxin transport. Restoring lignin deposition effectively reestablished phloem transport and, accordingly, auxin homeostasis. • Our results show that the accumulation of bioactive intermediates and depletion in lignin jointly cause the aberrant phenotypes upon blocking C4H, and demonstrate that proper deposition of lignin is essential for the establishment of auxin distribution in seedlings. Our data position the phenylpropanoid pathway and lignin in a new physiological framework, consolidating their importance in plant growth and development.
Keywords
Plant Science, Physiology, Arabidopsis, auxin, cis&#8208, cinnamic acid, phenylpropanoids, piperonylic acid, lignin, metabolomics, roots

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Citation

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MLA
El Houari, Ilias, et al. “Seedling Developmental Defects upon Blocking CINNAMATE‐4‐HYDROXYLASE Are Caused by Perturbations in Auxin Transport.” NEW PHYTOLOGIST, vol. 230, no. 6, 2021, pp. 2275–91, doi:10.1111/nph.17349.
APA
El Houari, I., Van Beirs, C., Arents, H., Han, H., Alvarenga Chanoca, A., Opdenacker, D., … Vanholme, B. (2021). Seedling developmental defects upon blocking CINNAMATE‐4‐HYDROXYLASE are caused by perturbations in auxin transport. NEW PHYTOLOGIST, 230(6), 2275–2291. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17349
Chicago author-date
El Houari, Ilias, Caroline Van Beirs, Helena Arents, Huibin Han, Alexandra Alvarenga Chanoca, Davy Opdenacker, Jacob Pollier, et al. 2021. “Seedling Developmental Defects upon Blocking CINNAMATE‐4‐HYDROXYLASE Are Caused by Perturbations in Auxin Transport.” NEW PHYTOLOGIST 230 (6): 2275–91. https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.17349.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
El Houari, Ilias, Caroline Van Beirs, Helena Arents, Huibin Han, Alexandra Alvarenga Chanoca, Davy Opdenacker, Jacob Pollier, Veronique Storme, Ward Steenackers, Mussa Quareshy, Richard Napier, Tom Beeckman, Jiri Friml, Bert De Rybel, Wout Boerjan, and Bartel Vanholme. 2021. “Seedling Developmental Defects upon Blocking CINNAMATE‐4‐HYDROXYLASE Are Caused by Perturbations in Auxin Transport.” NEW PHYTOLOGIST 230 (6): 2275–2291. doi:10.1111/nph.17349.
Vancouver
1.
El Houari I, Van Beirs C, Arents H, Han H, Alvarenga Chanoca A, Opdenacker D, et al. Seedling developmental defects upon blocking CINNAMATE‐4‐HYDROXYLASE are caused by perturbations in auxin transport. NEW PHYTOLOGIST. 2021;230(6):2275–91.
IEEE
[1]
I. El Houari et al., “Seedling developmental defects upon blocking CINNAMATE‐4‐HYDROXYLASE are caused by perturbations in auxin transport,” NEW PHYTOLOGIST, vol. 230, no. 6, pp. 2275–2291, 2021.
@article{8703799,
  abstract     = {{• The phenylpropanoid pathway serves a central role in plant metabolism, providing numerous compounds involved in diverse physiological processes. Most carbon entering the pathway is incorporated into lignin. Although several phenylpropanoid pathway mutants show seedling growth arrest, the role for lignin in seedling growth and development is unexplored.

• We use complementary pharmacological and genetic approaches to block CINNAMATE‐4‐HYDROXYLASE (C4H) functionality in Arabidopsis seedlings and a set of molecular and biochemical techniques to investigate the underlying phenotypes.

• Blocking C4H resulted in reduced lateral rooting and increased adventitious rooting apically in the hypocotyl. These phenotypes coincided with an inhibition in auxin transport. The upstream accumulation in cis‐cinnamic acid was found to likely cause polar auxin transport inhibition. Conversely, a downstream depletion in lignin perturbed phloem‐mediated auxin transport. Restoring lignin deposition effectively reestablished phloem transport and, accordingly, auxin homeostasis.

• Our results show that the accumulation of bioactive intermediates and depletion in lignin jointly cause the aberrant phenotypes upon blocking C4H, and demonstrate that proper deposition of lignin is essential for the establishment of auxin distribution in seedlings. Our data position the phenylpropanoid pathway and lignin in a new physiological framework, consolidating their importance in plant growth and development.}},
  author       = {{El Houari, Ilias and Van Beirs, Caroline and Arents, Helena and Han, Huibin and Alvarenga Chanoca, Alexandra and Opdenacker, Davy and Pollier, Jacob and Storme, Veronique and Steenackers, Ward and Quareshy, Mussa and Napier, Richard and Beeckman, Tom and Friml, Jiri and De Rybel, Bert and Boerjan, Wout and Vanholme, Bartel}},
  issn         = {{0028-646X}},
  journal      = {{NEW PHYTOLOGIST}},
  keywords     = {{Plant Science,Physiology,Arabidopsis,auxin,cis&#8208,cinnamic acid,phenylpropanoids,piperonylic acid,lignin,metabolomics,roots}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{6}},
  pages        = {{2275--2291}},
  title        = {{Seedling developmental defects upon blocking CINNAMATE‐4‐HYDROXYLASE are caused by perturbations in auxin transport}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/nph.17349}},
  volume       = {{230}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}
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