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Comparison between Apicystis cryptica sp. n. and Apicystis bombi (Arthrogregarida, Apicomplexa): Gregarine parasites that cause fat body hypertrophism in bees

Karel Schoonvaere, Marleen Brunain (UGent) , Femke Baeke (UGent) , Michiel De Bruyne (UGent) , Riet De Rycke (UGent) and Dirk de Graaf (UGent)
(2020) EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PROTISTOLOGY. 73.
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Abstract
The molecular divergence, morphology and pathology of a cryptic gregarine that is related to the bee parasite Apicystis bombi Lipa and Triggiani, 1996 is described. The 18S ribosomal DNA gene sequence of the new gregarine was equally dissimilar to that of A. bombi and the closest related genus Mattesia Naville, 1930, although phylogenetic analysis supported a closer relation to A. bombi. Pronounced divergence with A. bombi was found in the ITS1 sequence (69.6% similarity) and seven protein-coding genes (nucleotide 78.05% and protein 90.2% similarity). The new gregarine was isolated from a Bombus pascuorum Scopoli, 1763 female and caused heavy hypertrophism of the fat body tissue in its host. In addition, infected cells of the hypopharyng ealgland tissue, an important excretory organ of the host, were observed. Mature oocysts were navicular in shape and contained four sporozoites, similar to A. bombi oocysts. Given these characteristics, we proposed the name Apicystis cryptica sp. n. Detections so far indicated that distribution and host species occupation of Apicystis spp. overlap at least in Europe, and that historical detections could not discriminate between them. Specific molecular assays were developed that can be implemented in future pathogen screens that aim to discriminate Apicystis spp. in bees. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.
Keywords
APIS-MELLIFERA, CRITHIDIA-BOMBI, HYMENOPTERA, NEOGREGARINORIDA, TRYPANOSOMATIDS, PATHOGENS, PROTOZOA, HISTORY, VIRUS, Apicystis, Bee parasite, Bumble bee, Gregarine, Molecular detection, Neogregarine

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MLA
Schoonvaere, Karel, et al. “Comparison between Apicystis Cryptica Sp. n. and Apicystis Bombi (Arthrogregarida, Apicomplexa): Gregarine Parasites That Cause Fat Body Hypertrophism in Bees.” EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PROTISTOLOGY, vol. 73, 2020, doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2020.125688.
APA
Schoonvaere, K., Brunain, M., Baeke, F., De Bruyne, M., De Rycke, R., & de Graaf, D. (2020). Comparison between Apicystis cryptica sp. n. and Apicystis bombi (Arthrogregarida, Apicomplexa): Gregarine parasites that cause fat body hypertrophism in bees. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PROTISTOLOGY, 73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2020.125688
Chicago author-date
Schoonvaere, Karel, Marleen Brunain, Femke Baeke, Michiel De Bruyne, Riet De Rycke, and Dirk de Graaf. 2020. “Comparison between Apicystis Cryptica Sp. n. and Apicystis Bombi (Arthrogregarida, Apicomplexa): Gregarine Parasites That Cause Fat Body Hypertrophism in Bees.” EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PROTISTOLOGY 73. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2020.125688.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Schoonvaere, Karel, Marleen Brunain, Femke Baeke, Michiel De Bruyne, Riet De Rycke, and Dirk de Graaf. 2020. “Comparison between Apicystis Cryptica Sp. n. and Apicystis Bombi (Arthrogregarida, Apicomplexa): Gregarine Parasites That Cause Fat Body Hypertrophism in Bees.” EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PROTISTOLOGY 73. doi:10.1016/j.ejop.2020.125688.
Vancouver
1.
Schoonvaere K, Brunain M, Baeke F, De Bruyne M, De Rycke R, de Graaf D. Comparison between Apicystis cryptica sp. n. and Apicystis bombi (Arthrogregarida, Apicomplexa): Gregarine parasites that cause fat body hypertrophism in bees. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PROTISTOLOGY. 2020;73.
IEEE
[1]
K. Schoonvaere, M. Brunain, F. Baeke, M. De Bruyne, R. De Rycke, and D. de Graaf, “Comparison between Apicystis cryptica sp. n. and Apicystis bombi (Arthrogregarida, Apicomplexa): Gregarine parasites that cause fat body hypertrophism in bees,” EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PROTISTOLOGY, vol. 73, 2020.
@article{8696353,
  abstract     = {{The molecular divergence, morphology and pathology of a cryptic gregarine that is related to the bee parasite Apicystis bombi Lipa and Triggiani, 1996 is described. The 18S ribosomal DNA gene sequence of the new gregarine was equally dissimilar to that of A. bombi and the closest related genus Mattesia Naville, 1930, although phylogenetic analysis supported a closer relation to A. bombi. Pronounced divergence with A. bombi was found in the ITS1 sequence (69.6% similarity) and seven protein-coding genes (nucleotide 78.05% and protein 90.2% similarity). The new gregarine was isolated from a Bombus pascuorum Scopoli, 1763 female and caused heavy hypertrophism of the fat body tissue in its host. In addition, infected cells of the hypopharyng ealgland tissue, an important excretory organ of the host, were observed. Mature oocysts were navicular in shape and contained four sporozoites, similar to A. bombi oocysts. Given these characteristics, we proposed the name Apicystis cryptica sp. n. Detections so far indicated that distribution and host species occupation of Apicystis spp. overlap at least in Europe, and that historical detections could not discriminate between them. Specific molecular assays were developed that can be implemented in future pathogen screens that aim to discriminate Apicystis spp. in bees. (C) 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.}},
  articleno    = {{125688}},
  author       = {{Schoonvaere, Karel and Brunain, Marleen and Baeke, Femke and De Bruyne, Michiel and De Rycke, Riet and de Graaf, Dirk}},
  issn         = {{0932-4739}},
  journal      = {{EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF PROTISTOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{APIS-MELLIFERA,CRITHIDIA-BOMBI,HYMENOPTERA,NEOGREGARINORIDA,TRYPANOSOMATIDS,PATHOGENS,PROTOZOA,HISTORY,VIRUS,Apicystis,Bee parasite,Bumble bee,Gregarine,Molecular detection,Neogregarine}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{13}},
  title        = {{Comparison between Apicystis cryptica sp. n. and Apicystis bombi (Arthrogregarida, Apicomplexa): Gregarine parasites that cause fat body hypertrophism in bees}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2020.125688}},
  volume       = {{73}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}
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