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Routine assessment of cognitive function in older patients with hypertension seen by primary care physicians : why and how : a decision-making support from the working group on ‘hypertension and the brain’ of the European Society of Hypertension and from the European Geriatric Medicine Society

Angelo Scuteri, Athanasios Benetos, Cristina Sierra, Antonio Coca, Christian Chicherio, Giovanni Frisoni, Dariusz Gasecki, Dagmara Hering, Dragan Lovic, Efstathios Manios, et al.
(2021) JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION. 39(1). p.90-100
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Abstract
The guidelines on hypertension recently published by the European Societies of Hypertension and Cardiology, have acknowledged cognitive function (and its decline) as a hypertension-mediated organ damage. In fact, brain damage can be the only hypertension-mediated organ damage in more than 30% of hypertensive patients, evolving undetected for several years if not appropriately screened; as long as undetected it cannot provide either corrective measures, nor adequate risk stratification of the hypertensive patient. The medical community dealing with older hypertensive patients should have a simple and pragmatic approach to early identify and precisely treat these patients. Both hypertension and cognitive decline are undeniably growing pandemics in developed or epidemiologically transitioning societies. Furthermore, there is a clear-cut connection between exposure to the increased blood pressure and development of cognitive decline. Therefore, a group of experts in the field from the European Society of Hypertension and from the European Geriatric Medicine Society gathered together to answer practical clinical questions that often face the physician when dealing with their hypertensive patients in a routine clinical practice. They elaborated a decision-making approach to help standardize such clinical evaluation.
Keywords
arterial stiffness, assessment, cognition, dementia, hypertension, hypertension-mediated organ damage, prevention

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MLA
Scuteri, Angelo, et al. “Routine Assessment of Cognitive Function in Older Patients with Hypertension Seen by Primary Care Physicians : Why and How : A Decision-Making Support from the Working Group on ‘hypertension and the Brain’ of the European Society of Hypertension and from the European Geriatric Medicine Society.” JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, vol. 39, no. 1, 2021, pp. 90–100, doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000002621.
APA
Scuteri, A., Benetos, A., Sierra, C., Coca, A., Chicherio, C., Frisoni, G., … Cunha, P. (2021). Routine assessment of cognitive function in older patients with hypertension seen by primary care physicians : why and how : a decision-making support from the working group on “hypertension and the brain” of the European Society of Hypertension and from the European Geriatric Medicine Society. JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, 39(1), 90–100. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002621
Chicago author-date
Scuteri, Angelo, Athanasios Benetos, Cristina Sierra, Antonio Coca, Christian Chicherio, Giovanni Frisoni, Dariusz Gasecki, et al. 2021. “Routine Assessment of Cognitive Function in Older Patients with Hypertension Seen by Primary Care Physicians : Why and How : A Decision-Making Support from the Working Group on ‘hypertension and the Brain’ of the European Society of Hypertension and from the European Geriatric Medicine Society.” JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION 39 (1): 90–100. https://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002621.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Scuteri, Angelo, Athanasios Benetos, Cristina Sierra, Antonio Coca, Christian Chicherio, Giovanni Frisoni, Dariusz Gasecki, Dagmara Hering, Dragan Lovic, Efstathios Manios, Mirko Petrovic, Chengxuan Qiu, Susan Shenkin, Cristophe Tzourio, Andrea Ungar, Augusto Vicario, Augusto Zaninelli, and Pedro Cunha. 2021. “Routine Assessment of Cognitive Function in Older Patients with Hypertension Seen by Primary Care Physicians : Why and How : A Decision-Making Support from the Working Group on ‘hypertension and the Brain’ of the European Society of Hypertension and from the European Geriatric Medicine Society.” JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION 39 (1): 90–100. doi:10.1097/HJH.0000000000002621.
Vancouver
1.
Scuteri A, Benetos A, Sierra C, Coca A, Chicherio C, Frisoni G, et al. Routine assessment of cognitive function in older patients with hypertension seen by primary care physicians : why and how : a decision-making support from the working group on “hypertension and the brain” of the European Society of Hypertension and from the European Geriatric Medicine Society. JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION. 2021;39(1):90–100.
IEEE
[1]
A. Scuteri et al., “Routine assessment of cognitive function in older patients with hypertension seen by primary care physicians : why and how : a decision-making support from the working group on ‘hypertension and the brain’ of the European Society of Hypertension and from the European Geriatric Medicine Society,” JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION, vol. 39, no. 1, pp. 90–100, 2021.
@article{8683558,
  abstract     = {{The guidelines on hypertension recently published by the European Societies of Hypertension and Cardiology, have
acknowledged cognitive function (and its decline) as a hypertension-mediated organ damage. In fact, brain damage
can be the only hypertension-mediated organ damage in more than 30% of hypertensive patients, evolving undetected
for several years if not appropriately screened; as long as undetected it cannot provide either corrective measures, nor adequate risk stratification of the hypertensive patient.
The medical community dealing with older hypertensive patients should have a simple and pragmatic approach to
early identify and precisely treat these patients. Both hypertension and cognitive decline are undeniably growing
pandemics in developed or epidemiologically transitioning societies. Furthermore, there is a clear-cut connection
between exposure to the increased blood pressure and development of cognitive decline.
Therefore, a group of experts in the field from the European Society of Hypertension and from the European
Geriatric Medicine Society gathered together to answer practical clinical questions that often face the physician
when dealing with their hypertensive patients in a routine clinical practice. They elaborated a decision-making
approach to help standardize such clinical evaluation.}},
  author       = {{Scuteri, Angelo and Benetos, Athanasios and Sierra, Cristina and Coca, Antonio and Chicherio, Christian and Frisoni, Giovanni and Gasecki, Dariusz and Hering, Dagmara and Lovic, Dragan and Manios, Efstathios and Petrovic, Mirko and Qiu, Chengxuan and Shenkin, Susan and Tzourio, Cristophe and Ungar, Andrea and Vicario, Augusto and Zaninelli, Augusto and Cunha, Pedro}},
  issn         = {{0263-6352}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION}},
  keywords     = {{arterial stiffness,assessment,cognition,dementia,hypertension,hypertension-mediated organ damage,prevention}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{90--100}},
  title        = {{Routine assessment of cognitive function in older patients with hypertension seen by primary care physicians : why and how : a decision-making support from the working group on ‘hypertension and the brain’ of the European Society of Hypertension and from the European Geriatric Medicine Society}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1097/HJH.0000000000002621}},
  volume       = {{39}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}
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