
Presence of low virulence chytrid fungi could protect European amphibians from more deadly strains
- Author
- Mark Greener, Elin Verbrugghe (UGent) , Moira Kelly, Mark Blooi (UGent) , Wouter Beukema, Stefano Canessa (UGent) , Salvador Carranza, Siska Croubels (UGent) , Niels De Troyer (UGent) , Daniel Fernandez-Giberteau, Peter Goethals (UGent) , Luc Lens (UGent) , Zhimin Li, Gwij Stegen (UGent) , Diederik Strubbe (UGent) , Robby van Leeuwenberg, Sarah Van Praet (UGent) , Mireia Vila-Escale, Muriel Vervaeke, Frank Pasmans (UGent) and An Martel (UGent)
- Organization
- Abstract
- Wildlife diseases are contributing to the current Earth’s sixth mass extinction; one disease, chytridiomycosis, has caused mass amphibian die-offs. While global spread of a hypervirulent lineage of the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (BdGPL) causes unprecedented loss of vertebrate diversity by decimating amphibian populations, its impact on amphibian communities is highly variable across regions. Here, we combine field data with in vitro and in vivo trials that demonstrate the presence of a markedly diverse variety of low virulence isolates of BdGPL in northern European amphibian communities. Pre-exposure to some of these low virulence isolates protects against disease following subsequent exposure to highly virulent BdGPL in midwife toads (Alytes obstetricans) and alters infection dynamics of its sister species B. salamandrivorans in newts (Triturus marmoratus), but not in salamanders (Salamandra salamandra). The key role of pathogen virulence in the complex host-pathogen-environment interaction supports efforts to limit pathogen pollution in a globalized world.
- Keywords
- General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, General Physics and Astronomy, General Chemistry, COMMON MIDWIFE TOAD, BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS, CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS, PATHOGEN, SALAMANDRIVORANS, DYNAMICS, RESISTANCE, DECLINE, PCR
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Citation
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8680846
- MLA
- Greener, Mark, et al. “Presence of Low Virulence Chytrid Fungi Could Protect European Amphibians from More Deadly Strains.” NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 11, no. 1, 2020, doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19241-7.
- APA
- Greener, M., Verbrugghe, E., Kelly, M., Blooi, M., Beukema, W., Canessa, S., … Martel, A. (2020). Presence of low virulence chytrid fungi could protect European amphibians from more deadly strains. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, 11(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19241-7
- Chicago author-date
- Greener, Mark, Elin Verbrugghe, Moira Kelly, Mark Blooi, Wouter Beukema, Stefano Canessa, Salvador Carranza, et al. 2020. “Presence of Low Virulence Chytrid Fungi Could Protect European Amphibians from More Deadly Strains.” NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 11 (1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19241-7.
- Chicago author-date (all authors)
- Greener, Mark, Elin Verbrugghe, Moira Kelly, Mark Blooi, Wouter Beukema, Stefano Canessa, Salvador Carranza, Siska Croubels, Niels De Troyer, Daniel Fernandez-Giberteau, Peter Goethals, Luc Lens, Zhimin Li, Gwij Stegen, Diederik Strubbe, Robby van Leeuwenberg, Sarah Van Praet, Mireia Vila-Escale, Muriel Vervaeke, Frank Pasmans, and An Martel. 2020. “Presence of Low Virulence Chytrid Fungi Could Protect European Amphibians from More Deadly Strains.” NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 11 (1). doi:10.1038/s41467-020-19241-7.
- Vancouver
- 1.Greener M, Verbrugghe E, Kelly M, Blooi M, Beukema W, Canessa S, et al. Presence of low virulence chytrid fungi could protect European amphibians from more deadly strains. NATURE COMMUNICATIONS. 2020;11(1).
- IEEE
- [1]M. Greener et al., “Presence of low virulence chytrid fungi could protect European amphibians from more deadly strains,” NATURE COMMUNICATIONS, vol. 11, no. 1, 2020.
@article{8680846, abstract = {{Wildlife diseases are contributing to the current Earth’s sixth mass extinction; one disease, chytridiomycosis, has caused mass amphibian die-offs. While global spread of a hypervirulent lineage of the fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (BdGPL) causes unprecedented loss of vertebrate diversity by decimating amphibian populations, its impact on amphibian communities is highly variable across regions. Here, we combine field data with in vitro and in vivo trials that demonstrate the presence of a markedly diverse variety of low virulence isolates of BdGPL in northern European amphibian communities. Pre-exposure to some of these low virulence isolates protects against disease following subsequent exposure to highly virulent BdGPL in midwife toads (Alytes obstetricans) and alters infection dynamics of its sister species B. salamandrivorans in newts (Triturus marmoratus), but not in salamanders (Salamandra salamandra). The key role of pathogen virulence in the complex host-pathogen-environment interaction supports efforts to limit pathogen pollution in a globalized world.}}, articleno = {{5393}}, author = {{Greener, Mark and Verbrugghe, Elin and Kelly, Moira and Blooi, Mark and Beukema, Wouter and Canessa, Stefano and Carranza, Salvador and Croubels, Siska and De Troyer, Niels and Fernandez-Giberteau, Daniel and Goethals, Peter and Lens, Luc and Li, Zhimin and Stegen, Gwij and Strubbe, Diederik and van Leeuwenberg, Robby and Van Praet, Sarah and Vila-Escale, Mireia and Vervaeke, Muriel and Pasmans, Frank and Martel, An}}, issn = {{2041-1723}}, journal = {{NATURE COMMUNICATIONS}}, keywords = {{General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology,General Physics and Astronomy,General Chemistry,COMMON MIDWIFE TOAD,BATRACHOCHYTRIUM-DENDROBATIDIS,CHYTRIDIOMYCOSIS,PATHOGEN,SALAMANDRIVORANS,DYNAMICS,RESISTANCE,DECLINE,PCR}}, language = {{eng}}, number = {{1}}, pages = {{11}}, title = {{Presence of low virulence chytrid fungi could protect European amphibians from more deadly strains}}, url = {{http://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19241-7}}, volume = {{11}}, year = {{2020}}, }
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