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A social ecological approach to hazardous alcohol use among Flemish higher education students

Robert Tholen, Edwin Wouters, Koen Ponnet (UGent) , Sara De Bruyn and Guido Van Hal
(2020) INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH. 17(21).
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Abstract
Hazardous use of alcohol is a global public health concern. Statistics suggest that this is particularly common in Europe, and among higher education students. Although it has been established that various factors-ranging from the individual to the overarching societal level-are associated with misuse of alcohol, few studies take multiple levels of influence into account simultaneously. The current study, therefore, used a social ecological framework to explore associations between variables from multiple levels of influence and the hazardous use of alcohol. Data were obtained from a representative sample of higher education students from Flanders, Belgium (n = 21,854), and explored using hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results demonstrated that the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy levels, were all associated with risky alcohol consumption. When devising interventions, policymakers should, therefore, take into consideration that variables from multiple levels of influence are at play. Students' capacities to change or maintain their alcohol consumption behaviors may be undermined if social settings, overarching environments, social norms, and policies are not conducive to their motivations and social expectations.
Keywords
alcohol consumption, higher education students, student health, environmental factors, quantitative research, COLLEGE-STUDENTS, BINGE DRINKING, NORMS, CONSUMPTION, PREVALENCE, UNIVERSITY, BEHAVIOR

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MLA
Tholen, Robert, et al. “A Social Ecological Approach to Hazardous Alcohol Use among Flemish Higher Education Students.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH, vol. 17, no. 21, 2020, doi:10.3390/ijerph17218288.
APA
Tholen, R., Wouters, E., Ponnet, K., De Bruyn, S., & Van Hal, G. (2020). A social ecological approach to hazardous alcohol use among Flemish higher education students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH, 17(21). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218288
Chicago author-date
Tholen, Robert, Edwin Wouters, Koen Ponnet, Sara De Bruyn, and Guido Van Hal. 2020. “A Social Ecological Approach to Hazardous Alcohol Use among Flemish Higher Education Students.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 17 (21). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218288.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Tholen, Robert, Edwin Wouters, Koen Ponnet, Sara De Bruyn, and Guido Van Hal. 2020. “A Social Ecological Approach to Hazardous Alcohol Use among Flemish Higher Education Students.” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 17 (21). doi:10.3390/ijerph17218288.
Vancouver
1.
Tholen R, Wouters E, Ponnet K, De Bruyn S, Van Hal G. A social ecological approach to hazardous alcohol use among Flemish higher education students. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH. 2020;17(21).
IEEE
[1]
R. Tholen, E. Wouters, K. Ponnet, S. De Bruyn, and G. Van Hal, “A social ecological approach to hazardous alcohol use among Flemish higher education students,” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH, vol. 17, no. 21, 2020.
@article{8680307,
  abstract     = {{Hazardous use of alcohol is a global public health concern. Statistics suggest that this is particularly common in Europe, and among higher education students. Although it has been established that various factors-ranging from the individual to the overarching societal level-are associated with misuse of alcohol, few studies take multiple levels of influence into account simultaneously. The current study, therefore, used a social ecological framework to explore associations between variables from multiple levels of influence and the hazardous use of alcohol. Data were obtained from a representative sample of higher education students from Flanders, Belgium (n = 21,854), and explored using hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results demonstrated that the individual, interpersonal, organizational, community, and policy levels, were all associated with risky alcohol consumption. When devising interventions, policymakers should, therefore, take into consideration that variables from multiple levels of influence are at play. Students' capacities to change or maintain their alcohol consumption behaviors may be undermined if social settings, overarching environments, social norms, and policies are not conducive to their motivations and social expectations.}},
  articleno    = {{8288}},
  author       = {{Tholen, Robert and Wouters, Edwin and Ponnet, Koen and De Bruyn, Sara and Van Hal, Guido}},
  issn         = {{1660-4601}},
  journal      = {{INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH}},
  keywords     = {{alcohol consumption,higher education students,student health,environmental factors,quantitative research,COLLEGE-STUDENTS,BINGE DRINKING,NORMS,CONSUMPTION,PREVALENCE,UNIVERSITY,BEHAVIOR}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{21}},
  pages        = {{13}},
  title        = {{A social ecological approach to hazardous alcohol use among Flemish higher education students}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17218288}},
  volume       = {{17}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}
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