@article{8679555,
  abstract     = {{Increasing crop productivity is our major challenge if we are to meet global needs for food, fodder and fuel. Controlling the content of the plant hormone cytokinin is a method of improving plant productivity. Cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKO/CKX) is a major target in this regard because it degrades cytokinins. Here, we describe the synthesis and biological activities of new CKX inhibitors derived mainly from diphenylurea. They were tested on four CKX isoforms from maize and Arabidopsis, where the best compounds showed IC50 values in the 10–8 M concentration range. The binding mode of the most efficient inhibitors was characterized from high-resolution crystal complexed structures. Although these compounds do not possess intrinsic cytokinin activity, we have demonstrated their tremendous potential for use in the plant tissue culture industry as well as in agriculture. We have identified a key substance, compound 19, which not only increases stress resistance and seed yield in Arabidopsis, but also improves the yield of wheat, barley and rapeseed grains under field conditions. Our findings reveal that modulation of cytokinin levels via CKX inhibition can positively affect plant growth, development and yield, and prove that CKX inhibitors can be an attractive target in plant biotechnology and agriculture.}},
  author       = {{Nisler, Jaroslav and Kopečný, David and Pěkná, Zuzana and Končitíková, Radka and Koprna, Radoslav and Murvanidze, Nino and Werbrouck, Stefaan and Havlíček, Libor and De Diego, Nuria and Kopečná, Martina and Wimmer, Zdeněk and Briozzo, Pierre and Moréra, Solange and Zalabák, David and Spíchal, Lukáš and Strnad, Miroslav}},
  issn         = {{0022-0957}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY}},
  keywords     = {{Plant Science,Physiology,Agriculture,biotechnology,CKX inhibitor,crystal structure,cytokinin,cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase,diphenylurea,plant tissue culture,stress,yield,ARABIDOPSIS-THALIANA,ZEA-MAYS,BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION,SEED YIELD,OXIDASE,DEHYDROGENASE,EXPRESSION,THIDIAZURON,MAIZE,PURIFICATION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{355--370}},
  title        = {{Diphenylurea-derived cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase inhibitors for biotechnology and agriculture}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/eraa437}},
  volume       = {{72}},
  year         = {{2021}},
}

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