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Micro-CT measurements of within-ring variability in longitudinal hydraulic pathways in Norway spruce

Robin Adey-Johnson, J. Paul Mclean, Jan Van den Bulcke (UGent) , Joris Van Acker (UGent) and Peter J. McDonald
(2020) IAWA JOURNAL. 41(1). p.12-29
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Abstract
This study aimed to define the variability in the microstructure of Norway spruce within an annual ring by examining differences between earlywood and latewood. In particular, we were interested in obtaining new information on bordered pit occurrence and locations relative to tracheid ends, plus the lumina dimensions and longitudinal overlap of tracheids that collectively define the longitudinal hydraulic pathways. A stacked series of X-ray micro-CT scans of an annual ring of Norway spruce were made and stitched together longitudinally to form a three-dimensional volume. The imaging resolution was carefully chosen to capture both longitudinal and transverse anatomical details. Measurements of tracheid length, overlap, radial lumen diameter, and bordered pit location were made semi-automatically using image analysis. The distribution of radial lumen diameter was used to define earlywood and latewood. Then bordered pit linear density and spatial distribution, tracheid length and overlap were analysed, presented and contrasted for earlywood and latewood. Further differences between earlywood and latewood were found only in bordered pit linear density. Clear trends in radial lumen diameter and pit linear density were observed with radial position within the growth ring. These results provide new information on the variability of the Norway spruce microstructure within an annual ring.
Keywords
IMAGE, LATEWOOD, LENGTH, Picea abies, microstructure, X-ray CT, micro-CT, variability, pits

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MLA
Adey-Johnson, Robin, et al. “Micro-CT Measurements of within-Ring Variability in Longitudinal Hydraulic Pathways in Norway Spruce.” IAWA JOURNAL, vol. 41, no. 1, 2020, pp. 12–29, doi:10.1163/22941932-00002104.
APA
Adey-Johnson, R., Mclean, J. P., Van den Bulcke, J., Van Acker, J., & McDonald, P. J. (2020). Micro-CT measurements of within-ring variability in longitudinal hydraulic pathways in Norway spruce. IAWA JOURNAL, 41(1), 12–29. https://doi.org/10.1163/22941932-00002104
Chicago author-date
Adey-Johnson, Robin, J. Paul Mclean, Jan Van den Bulcke, Joris Van Acker, and Peter J. McDonald. 2020. “Micro-CT Measurements of within-Ring Variability in Longitudinal Hydraulic Pathways in Norway Spruce.” IAWA JOURNAL 41 (1): 12–29. https://doi.org/10.1163/22941932-00002104.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Adey-Johnson, Robin, J. Paul Mclean, Jan Van den Bulcke, Joris Van Acker, and Peter J. McDonald. 2020. “Micro-CT Measurements of within-Ring Variability in Longitudinal Hydraulic Pathways in Norway Spruce.” IAWA JOURNAL 41 (1): 12–29. doi:10.1163/22941932-00002104.
Vancouver
1.
Adey-Johnson R, Mclean JP, Van den Bulcke J, Van Acker J, McDonald PJ. Micro-CT measurements of within-ring variability in longitudinal hydraulic pathways in Norway spruce. IAWA JOURNAL. 2020;41(1):12–29.
IEEE
[1]
R. Adey-Johnson, J. P. Mclean, J. Van den Bulcke, J. Van Acker, and P. J. McDonald, “Micro-CT measurements of within-ring variability in longitudinal hydraulic pathways in Norway spruce,” IAWA JOURNAL, vol. 41, no. 1, pp. 12–29, 2020.
@article{8655955,
  abstract     = {{This study aimed to define the variability in the microstructure of Norway spruce within an annual ring by examining differences between earlywood and latewood. In particular, we were interested in obtaining new information on bordered pit occurrence and locations relative to tracheid ends, plus the lumina dimensions and longitudinal overlap of tracheids that collectively define the longitudinal hydraulic pathways. A stacked series of X-ray micro-CT scans of an annual ring of Norway spruce were made and stitched together longitudinally to form a three-dimensional volume. The imaging resolution was carefully chosen to capture both longitudinal and transverse anatomical details. Measurements of tracheid length, overlap, radial lumen diameter, and bordered pit location were made semi-automatically using image analysis. The distribution of radial lumen diameter was used to define earlywood and latewood. Then bordered pit linear density and spatial distribution, tracheid length and overlap were analysed, presented and contrasted for earlywood and latewood. Further differences between earlywood and latewood were found only in bordered pit linear density. Clear trends in radial lumen diameter and pit linear density were observed with radial position within the growth ring. These results provide new information on the variability of the Norway spruce microstructure within an annual ring.}},
  author       = {{Adey-Johnson, Robin and Mclean, J. Paul and Van den Bulcke, Jan and Van Acker, Joris and McDonald, Peter J.}},
  issn         = {{0928-1541}},
  journal      = {{IAWA JOURNAL}},
  keywords     = {{IMAGE,LATEWOOD,LENGTH,Picea abies,microstructure,X-ray CT,micro-CT,variability,pits}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{12--29}},
  title        = {{Micro-CT measurements of within-ring variability in longitudinal hydraulic pathways in Norway spruce}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1163/22941932-00002104}},
  volume       = {{41}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}
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