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Tribological performance of non-halogenated phosphonium ionic liquids as additives to polypropylene and lithium-complex greases

Moritz Ploss, Yiyuan Tian, Sosaku Yoshikawa, René Westbroek, Johan Leckner and Sergei Glavatskih (UGent)
(2020) TRIBOLOGY LETTERS. 68(1). p.1-13
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Organization
Abstract
Four non-halogenated ionic liquids (ILs) with trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium cation are tested as lubricant additives to polypropylene (PP) and lithium-complex (LiX) greases. In pin-on-disk tests at elevated temperatures, the addition of an IL with bis(oxalato)borate ([BOB]) anion reduces wear by up to 50% when compared to the neat LiX base grease; an IL with bis(mandelato)borate ([BMB]) anion reduces friction by up to 60% for both PP and LiX. Elemental analysis reveals that oxygen-rich tribofilms help to reduce wear in case of [BOB], while the friction reduction observed for [BMB] is likely caused by adsorption processes. We find that temperature has a pronounced effect on additive expression, yet additive concentration is of minor importance under continuous sliding conditions. In contrast, rolling-sliding experiments at 90 degrees C show that the traction performance of LiX grease is dependent on additive concentration, revealing a reduction in traction by up to 30 and 40% for [BMB]- and [BOB]-containing ILs at concentrations of 10 wt%. Finally, an IL with dicyanamide anion reduces friction and increases wear in pin-on-disk tests at room temperature, while an IL with bis-2,4,4-(trimethylpentyl)phosphinate anion increases wear, showing only limited potential as grease additives. Overall, this work demonstrates the ability of non-halogenated ILs to significantly extend grease performance limits.
Keywords
Mechanical Engineering, Mechanics of Materials, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Surfaces and Interfaces, Ionic liquid lubrication, Non-halogenated ionic liquids, Polypropylene grease, Lithium-complex grease, STEEL-STEEL, POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL), LUBRICATION MECHANISM, ANTIWEAR ADDITIVES, FRICTION TORQUE, POLYMER GREASES, BASE OILS, BEHAVIOR

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Citation

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MLA
Ploss, Moritz, et al. “Tribological Performance of Non-Halogenated Phosphonium Ionic Liquids as Additives to Polypropylene and Lithium-Complex Greases.” TRIBOLOGY LETTERS, vol. 68, no. 1, 2020, pp. 1–13, doi:10.1007/s11249-019-1240-1.
APA
Ploss, M., Tian, Y., Yoshikawa, S., Westbroek, R., Leckner, J., & Glavatskih, S. (2020). Tribological performance of non-halogenated phosphonium ionic liquids as additives to polypropylene and lithium-complex greases. TRIBOLOGY LETTERS, 68(1), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-019-1240-1
Chicago author-date
Ploss, Moritz, Yiyuan Tian, Sosaku Yoshikawa, René Westbroek, Johan Leckner, and Sergei Glavatskih. 2020. “Tribological Performance of Non-Halogenated Phosphonium Ionic Liquids as Additives to Polypropylene and Lithium-Complex Greases.” TRIBOLOGY LETTERS 68 (1): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-019-1240-1.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Ploss, Moritz, Yiyuan Tian, Sosaku Yoshikawa, René Westbroek, Johan Leckner, and Sergei Glavatskih. 2020. “Tribological Performance of Non-Halogenated Phosphonium Ionic Liquids as Additives to Polypropylene and Lithium-Complex Greases.” TRIBOLOGY LETTERS 68 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1007/s11249-019-1240-1.
Vancouver
1.
Ploss M, Tian Y, Yoshikawa S, Westbroek R, Leckner J, Glavatskih S. Tribological performance of non-halogenated phosphonium ionic liquids as additives to polypropylene and lithium-complex greases. TRIBOLOGY LETTERS. 2020;68(1):1–13.
IEEE
[1]
M. Ploss, Y. Tian, S. Yoshikawa, R. Westbroek, J. Leckner, and S. Glavatskih, “Tribological performance of non-halogenated phosphonium ionic liquids as additives to polypropylene and lithium-complex greases,” TRIBOLOGY LETTERS, vol. 68, no. 1, pp. 1–13, 2020.
@article{8639700,
  abstract     = {{Four non-halogenated ionic liquids (ILs) with trihexyl(tetradecyl)phosphonium cation are tested as lubricant additives to polypropylene (PP) and lithium-complex (LiX) greases. In pin-on-disk tests at elevated temperatures, the addition of an IL with bis(oxalato)borate ([BOB]) anion reduces wear by up to 50% when compared to the neat LiX base grease; an IL with bis(mandelato)borate ([BMB]) anion reduces friction by up to 60% for both PP and LiX. Elemental analysis reveals that oxygen-rich tribofilms help to reduce wear in case of [BOB], while the friction reduction observed for [BMB] is likely caused by adsorption processes. We find that temperature has a pronounced effect on additive expression, yet additive concentration is of minor importance under continuous sliding conditions. In contrast, rolling-sliding experiments at 90 degrees C show that the traction performance of LiX grease is dependent on additive concentration, revealing a reduction in traction by up to 30 and 40% for [BMB]- and [BOB]-containing ILs at concentrations of 10 wt%. Finally, an IL with dicyanamide anion reduces friction and increases wear in pin-on-disk tests at room temperature, while an IL with bis-2,4,4-(trimethylpentyl)phosphinate anion increases wear, showing only limited potential as grease additives. Overall, this work demonstrates the ability of non-halogenated ILs to significantly extend grease performance limits.}},
  articleno    = {{3}},
  author       = {{Ploss, Moritz and Tian, Yiyuan and Yoshikawa, Sosaku and Westbroek, René and Leckner, Johan and Glavatskih, Sergei}},
  issn         = {{1023-8883}},
  journal      = {{TRIBOLOGY LETTERS}},
  keywords     = {{Mechanical Engineering,Mechanics of Materials,Surfaces,Coatings and Films,Surfaces and Interfaces,Ionic liquid lubrication,Non-halogenated ionic liquids,Polypropylene grease,Lithium-complex grease,STEEL-STEEL,POLY(ETHYLENE GLYCOL),LUBRICATION MECHANISM,ANTIWEAR ADDITIVES,FRICTION TORQUE,POLYMER GREASES,BASE OILS,BEHAVIOR}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{3:1--3:13}},
  title        = {{Tribological performance of non-halogenated phosphonium ionic liquids as additives to polypropylene and lithium-complex greases}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1007/s11249-019-1240-1}},
  volume       = {{68}},
  year         = {{2020}},
}
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