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Five years follow‐up of mandibular 2‐implant overdentures on locator or ball abutments : implant results, patient‐related outcome, and prosthetic aftercare

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Abstract
Background: It is uncertain, which is the optimal attachment for a mandibular 2-implant overdenture (2IOD). Purpose: To assess 5 years clinical implant outcome, prosthetic maintenance, cost, and PROMs of two cohorts receiving 2IOD on ball or stud abutments in a comparative study. Materials and Methods: Ninety edentulous individuals were treated with balls (n = 34) or locator (n = 56). Implant survival, bone-to-implant level, prosthetic outcome, technical maintenance, and OHIP-14 were assessed. Statistics to compare between baseline and 1/5 years and between groups were t-test or Mann-Whitney (P < .05); chi-square was adopted to analyze plaque and technical maintenance or interventions between groups. Results: Five years implant survival was 98.7%, irrespective of attachment. Overall mean bone loss was 1.1 mm, probing pocket depth 1.92 mm, bleeding score 0.60, plaque score 1. Plaque accumulated more on locators (P = .023). OHIP-14 declined from 18.1 to 2.7 irrespective of attachment. Retention for balls was better (P < .005), locators required more maintenance (P < .001), caused by retention-adjustment (P < .001) or ulcers/pain (P = .014). Five years maintenance-cost was 11% of initial cost, irrespective of attachment. Conclusions: Balls and locators yield stable 5-years implant outcome and improved Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). Locators required more maintenance and resulted in a lower retention. Maintenance costs are minimal but may affect OHRQoL at least for stud abutments.
Keywords
abutments, ball attachments, clinical study, edentulous mandible, implant survival, marginal bone loss, overdenture, patient satisfaction, MARGINAL BONE LOSS, ATTACHMENT SYSTEMS, LOADING PROTOCOLS, COMPLETE DENTURES, SATISFACTION

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MLA
Matthys, Carine, et al. “Five Years Follow‐up of Mandibular 2‐implant Overdentures on Locator or Ball Abutments : Implant Results, Patient‐related Outcome, and Prosthetic Aftercare.” CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, vol. 21, no. 5, 2019, pp. 835–44, doi:10.1111/cid.12840.
APA
Matthys, C., Vervaeke, S., Besseler, J., Doornewaard, R., Dierens, M., & De Bruyn, H. (2019). Five years follow‐up of mandibular 2‐implant overdentures on locator or ball abutments : implant results, patient‐related outcome, and prosthetic aftercare. CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, 21(5), 835–844. https://doi.org/10.1111/cid.12840
Chicago author-date
Matthys, Carine, Stijn Vervaeke, Jos Besseler, Ron Doornewaard, Melissa Dierens, and Hugo De Bruyn. 2019. “Five Years Follow‐up of Mandibular 2‐implant Overdentures on Locator or Ball Abutments : Implant Results, Patient‐related Outcome, and Prosthetic Aftercare.” CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH 21 (5): 835–44. https://doi.org/10.1111/cid.12840.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Matthys, Carine, Stijn Vervaeke, Jos Besseler, Ron Doornewaard, Melissa Dierens, and Hugo De Bruyn. 2019. “Five Years Follow‐up of Mandibular 2‐implant Overdentures on Locator or Ball Abutments : Implant Results, Patient‐related Outcome, and Prosthetic Aftercare.” CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH 21 (5): 835–844. doi:10.1111/cid.12840.
Vancouver
1.
Matthys C, Vervaeke S, Besseler J, Doornewaard R, Dierens M, De Bruyn H. Five years follow‐up of mandibular 2‐implant overdentures on locator or ball abutments : implant results, patient‐related outcome, and prosthetic aftercare. CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH. 2019;21(5):835–44.
IEEE
[1]
C. Matthys, S. Vervaeke, J. Besseler, R. Doornewaard, M. Dierens, and H. De Bruyn, “Five years follow‐up of mandibular 2‐implant overdentures on locator or ball abutments : implant results, patient‐related outcome, and prosthetic aftercare,” CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH, vol. 21, no. 5, pp. 835–844, 2019.
@article{8634813,
  abstract     = {{Background: It is uncertain, which is the optimal attachment for a mandibular 2-implant overdenture (2IOD).
Purpose: To assess 5 years clinical implant outcome, prosthetic maintenance, cost, and PROMs of two cohorts receiving 2IOD on ball or stud abutments in a comparative study.
Materials and Methods: Ninety edentulous individuals were treated with balls (n = 34) or locator (n = 56). Implant survival, bone-to-implant level, prosthetic outcome, technical maintenance, and OHIP-14 were assessed. Statistics to compare between baseline and 1/5 years and between groups were t-test or Mann-Whitney (P < .05); chi-square was adopted to analyze plaque and technical maintenance or interventions between groups.
Results: Five years implant survival was 98.7%, irrespective of attachment. Overall mean bone loss was 1.1 mm, probing pocket depth 1.92 mm, bleeding score 0.60, plaque score 1. Plaque accumulated more on locators (P = .023). OHIP-14 declined from 18.1 to 2.7 irrespective of attachment. Retention for balls was better (P < .005), locators required more maintenance (P < .001), caused by retention-adjustment (P < .001) or ulcers/pain (P = .014). Five years maintenance-cost was 11% of initial cost, irrespective of attachment.
Conclusions: Balls and locators yield stable 5-years implant outcome and improved Oral Health Related Quality of Life (OHRQoL). Locators required more maintenance and resulted in a lower retention. Maintenance costs are minimal but may affect OHRQoL at least for stud abutments.}},
  author       = {{Matthys, Carine and Vervaeke, Stijn and Besseler, Jos and Doornewaard, Ron and Dierens, Melissa and De Bruyn, Hugo}},
  issn         = {{1523-0899}},
  journal      = {{CLINICAL IMPLANT DENTISTRY AND RELATED RESEARCH}},
  keywords     = {{abutments,ball attachments,clinical study,edentulous mandible,implant survival,marginal bone loss,overdenture,patient satisfaction,MARGINAL BONE LOSS,ATTACHMENT SYSTEMS,LOADING PROTOCOLS,COMPLETE DENTURES,SATISFACTION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{5}},
  pages        = {{835--844}},
  title        = {{Five years follow‐up of mandibular 2‐implant overdentures on locator or ball abutments : implant results, patient‐related outcome, and prosthetic aftercare}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1111/cid.12840}},
  volume       = {{21}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}

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