@article{8632120,
  abstract     = {{Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) are neurodevelopmental disorders with considerable overlap in terms of their defining symptoms of compulsivity/repetitive behaviour. Little is known about the extent to which ASD and OCD have common versus distinct neural correlates of compulsivity. Previous research points to potentially common dysfunction in frontostriatal connectivity, but direct comparisons in one study are lacking. Here, we assessed frontostriatal resting-state functional connectivity in youth with ASD or OCD, and healthy controls. In addition, we applied a cross-disorder approach to examine whether repetitive behaviour across ASD and OCD has common neural substrates.
Methods: A sample of 78 children and adolescents aged 8-16 years was used (ASD n = 24; OCD n = 25; healthy controls n = 29), originating from the multicentre study COMPULS. We tested whether diagnostic group, repetitive behaviour (measured with the Repetitive Behavior Scale-Revised) or their interaction was associated with resting-state functional connectivity of striatal seed regions.
Results: No diagnosis-specific differences were detected. The cross-disorder analysis, on the other hand, showed that increased functional connectivity between the left nucleus accumbens (NAcc) and a cluster in the right premotor cortex/middle frontal gyrus was related to more severe symptoms of repetitive behaviour.
Conclusions: We demonstrate the fruitfulness of applying a cross-disorder approach to investigate the neural underpinnings of compulsivity/repetitive behaviour, by revealing a shared alteration in functional connectivity in ASD and OCD. We argue that this alteration might reflect aberrant reward or motivational processing of the NAcc with excessive connectivity to the premotor cortex implementing learned action patterns.}},
  author       = {{Akkermans, Sophie EA and Rheinheimer, Nicole and Bruchhage, Muriel MK and Durston, Sarah and Brandeis, Daniel and Banaschewski, Tobias and Boecker-Schlier, Regina and Wolf, Isabella and Williams, Steven CR and Buitelaar, Jan K and van Rooij, Daan and Oldehinkel, Marianne and de Ruiter, Saskia and Naaijen, Jilly and Mennes, Maarten and Zwiers, Marcel and Ilbegi, Shahrzad and Hennissen, Leonie and Glennon, Jeffrey and van de Vondervoort, Ilse and Kapusta, Katarzyna and Bielczyk, Natalia and Amiri, Houshang and Havenith, Martha and Franke, Barbara and Poelmans, Geert and Bralten, Janita and Heskes, Tom and Sokolova, Elena and Groot, Perry and Lythgoe, David and Dud, Iulia and Dittmann, Ralf and Mechler, Konstantin and Berg, Ruth and Hage, Alexander and Hohmann, Sarah and Ruf, Matthias and Dijkhuizen, Rick and Blezer, Erwin and van der Marel, Kajo and Pullens, Pim and Mol, Wouter and van der Toorn, Annette and Otte, Willem and van Heijningen, Caroline and Mensen, Vincent and Oranje, Bob and Mandl, Rene and Joel, Daphna and Cryan, John and Petryshen, Tracey and Pauls, David and Saito, Mai and Heckman, Angelique and Bahn, Sabine and Schwalber, Ameli and Auby, Philippe}},
  issn         = {{0033-2917}},
  journal      = {{PSYCHOLOGICAL MEDICINE}},
  keywords     = {{DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW,MOTION CORRECTION,BASAL GANGLIA,ICA-AROMA,CHILDREN,RELIABILITY,METAANALYSIS,ADOLESCENTS,VERSION,ROBUST,Autism spectrum disorder (ASD),compulsivity,frontostriatal circuits,functional connectivity,functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI),nucleus accumbens,obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD),repetitive,behaviour,resting state,striatum,transdiagnostic}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{13}},
  pages        = {{2247--2255}},
  title        = {{Frontostriatal functional connectivity correlates with repetitive behaviour across autism spectrum disorder and obsessive-compulsive disorder}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291718003136}},
  volume       = {{49}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}

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