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Networks of global bird invasion altered by regional trade ban

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Abstract
Wildlife trade is a major pathway for introduction of invasive species worldwide. However, how exactly wildlife trade influences invasion risk, beyond the transportation of individuals to novel areas, remains unknown. We analyze the global trade network of wild-caught birds from 1995 to 2011 as reported by CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). We found that before the European Union ban on imports of wild-caught birds, declared in 2005, invasion risk was closely associated with numbers of imported birds, diversity of import sources, and degree of network centrality of importer countries. After the ban, fluxes of global bird trade declined sharply. However, new trade routes emerged, primarily toward the Nearctic, Afrotropical, and Indo-Malay regions. Although regional bans can curtail invasion risk globally, to be fully effective and prevent rerouting of trade flows, bans should be global.
Keywords
WILDLIFE TRADE, RISK, DISPERSAL, INDONESIA, RELEASE, ECOLOGY, EUROPE, TOOLS, CITES, LIFE

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Please use this url to cite or link to this publication:

MLA
Reino, Luis, et al. “Networks of Global Bird Invasion Altered by Regional Trade Ban.” SCIENCE ADVANCES, vol. 3, no. 11, 2017, doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700783.
APA
Reino, L., Figueira, R., Beja, P., Araujo, M. B., Capinha, C., & Strubbe, D. (2017). Networks of global bird invasion altered by regional trade ban. SCIENCE ADVANCES, 3(11). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700783
Chicago author-date
Reino, Luis, Rui Figueira, Pedro Beja, Miguel B Araujo, Cesar Capinha, and Diederik Strubbe. 2017. “Networks of Global Bird Invasion Altered by Regional Trade Ban.” SCIENCE ADVANCES 3 (11). https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700783.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Reino, Luis, Rui Figueira, Pedro Beja, Miguel B Araujo, Cesar Capinha, and Diederik Strubbe. 2017. “Networks of Global Bird Invasion Altered by Regional Trade Ban.” SCIENCE ADVANCES 3 (11). doi:10.1126/sciadv.1700783.
Vancouver
1.
Reino L, Figueira R, Beja P, Araujo MB, Capinha C, Strubbe D. Networks of global bird invasion altered by regional trade ban. SCIENCE ADVANCES. 2017;3(11).
IEEE
[1]
L. Reino, R. Figueira, P. Beja, M. B. Araujo, C. Capinha, and D. Strubbe, “Networks of global bird invasion altered by regional trade ban,” SCIENCE ADVANCES, vol. 3, no. 11, 2017.
@article{8626030,
  abstract     = {{Wildlife trade is a major pathway for introduction of invasive species worldwide. However, how exactly wildlife trade influences invasion risk, beyond the transportation of individuals to novel areas, remains unknown. We analyze the global trade network of wild-caught birds from 1995 to 2011 as reported by CITES (Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora). We found that before the European Union ban on imports of wild-caught birds, declared in 2005, invasion risk was closely associated with numbers of imported birds, diversity of import sources, and degree of network centrality of importer countries. After the ban, fluxes of global bird trade declined sharply. However, new trade routes emerged, primarily toward the Nearctic, Afrotropical, and Indo-Malay regions. Although regional bans can curtail invasion risk globally, to be fully effective and prevent rerouting of trade flows, bans should be global.}},
  articleno    = {{e1700783}},
  author       = {{Reino, Luis and Figueira, Rui and Beja, Pedro and Araujo, Miguel B and Capinha, Cesar and Strubbe, Diederik}},
  issn         = {{2375-2548}},
  journal      = {{SCIENCE ADVANCES}},
  keywords     = {{WILDLIFE TRADE,RISK,DISPERSAL,INDONESIA,RELEASE,ECOLOGY,EUROPE,TOOLS,CITES,LIFE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{11}},
  pages        = {{8}},
  title        = {{Networks of global bird invasion altered by regional trade ban}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.1700783}},
  volume       = {{3}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

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