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Continuous 12 min walking to music, metronomes and in silence : auditory-motor coupling and its effects on perceived fatigue, motivation and gait in persons with multiple sclerosis

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Abstract
Background: In Persons with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS), coupling walking to beats/pulses in short bursts is reported to be beneficial for cadence and perceived fatigue. However it is yet to be investigated if coupling and its effects can be sustained for longer durations, required for task-oriented training strategy in PwMS. Aims: To investigate if PwMS compared to healthy controls (HC) sustain synchronization for 12 min when walking to music and metronome, and its effects on perceived physical and cognitive fatigue, motivation and gait compared to walking in silence. Methods: Participants walked for 12 min in three conditions (music, metronome and silence). The tempo of the auditory conditions was individualized. Auditory-motor coupling and spatio-temporal gait parameters were measured during walking. The visual analogue scale was used for perceived fatigue, and the Likert scale for motivation. Results: 27 PwMS and 28 HC participated. All participants synchronized to both stimuli, yet PwMS synchronized better to music. Overall, participants had lower cadence, speed and stride length when over time all conditions, with an exception of HC, with increasing cadence during the music condition. PwMS perceived less cognitive fatigue, no difference in perceived physical fatigue and a higher motivation walking to music compared to metronomes and silence. Conclusion: 12 min of uninterrupted walking was possible in PwMS in all conditions, while better synchronization, low perception of cognitive fatigue and high motivation occurred with music compared to other conditions. Coupling walking to music could offer novel paradigms for motor task-oriented training in PwMS.
Keywords
Auditory-motor coupling and synchronization, Multiple sclerosis, Prolonged walking, Fatigue, Music, Metronome, Spatiotemporal parameters, IMPAIRMENT

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MLA
Moumddjian, Lousin, et al. “Continuous 12 Min Walking to Music, Metronomes and in Silence : Auditory-Motor Coupling and Its Effects on Perceived Fatigue, Motivation and Gait in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis.” MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS, vol. 35, ELSEVIER, 2019, pp. 92–99, doi:10.1016/j.msard.2019.07.014.
APA
Moumddjian, L., Moens, B., Maes, P.-J., Van Geel, F., Ilsbroukx, S., Borgers, S., … Feys, P. (2019). Continuous 12 min walking to music, metronomes and in silence : auditory-motor coupling and its effects on perceived fatigue, motivation and gait in persons with multiple sclerosis. MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS, 35, 92–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2019.07.014
Chicago author-date
Moumddjian, Lousin, Bart Moens, Pieter-Jan Maes, Fanny Van Geel, Stephan Ilsbroukx, Sophie Borgers, Marc Leman, and Peter Feys. 2019. “Continuous 12 Min Walking to Music, Metronomes and in Silence : Auditory-Motor Coupling and Its Effects on Perceived Fatigue, Motivation and Gait in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis.” MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS 35: 92–99. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2019.07.014.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Moumddjian, Lousin, Bart Moens, Pieter-Jan Maes, Fanny Van Geel, Stephan Ilsbroukx, Sophie Borgers, Marc Leman, and Peter Feys. 2019. “Continuous 12 Min Walking to Music, Metronomes and in Silence : Auditory-Motor Coupling and Its Effects on Perceived Fatigue, Motivation and Gait in Persons with Multiple Sclerosis.” MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS 35: 92–99. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2019.07.014.
Vancouver
1.
Moumddjian L, Moens B, Maes P-J, Van Geel F, Ilsbroukx S, Borgers S, et al. Continuous 12 min walking to music, metronomes and in silence : auditory-motor coupling and its effects on perceived fatigue, motivation and gait in persons with multiple sclerosis. MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS. 2019;35:92–9.
IEEE
[1]
L. Moumddjian et al., “Continuous 12 min walking to music, metronomes and in silence : auditory-motor coupling and its effects on perceived fatigue, motivation and gait in persons with multiple sclerosis,” MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS, vol. 35, pp. 92–99, 2019.
@article{8624164,
  abstract     = {{Background: In Persons with Multiple Sclerosis (PwMS), coupling walking to beats/pulses in short bursts is reported to be beneficial for cadence and perceived fatigue. However it is yet to be investigated if coupling and its effects can be sustained for longer durations, required for task-oriented training strategy in PwMS.
Aims: To investigate if PwMS compared to healthy controls (HC) sustain synchronization for 12 min when walking to music and metronome, and its effects on perceived physical and cognitive fatigue, motivation and gait compared to walking in silence.
Methods: Participants walked for 12 min in three conditions (music, metronome and silence). The tempo of the auditory conditions was individualized. Auditory-motor coupling and spatio-temporal gait parameters were measured during walking. The visual analogue scale was used for perceived fatigue, and the Likert scale for motivation.
Results: 27 PwMS and 28 HC participated. All participants synchronized to both stimuli, yet PwMS synchronized better to music. Overall, participants had lower cadence, speed and stride length when over time all conditions, with an exception of HC, with increasing cadence during the music condition. PwMS perceived less cognitive fatigue, no difference in perceived physical fatigue and a higher motivation walking to music compared to metronomes and silence.
Conclusion: 12 min of uninterrupted walking was possible in PwMS in all conditions, while better synchronization, low perception of cognitive fatigue and high motivation occurred with music compared to other conditions. Coupling walking to music could offer novel paradigms for motor task-oriented training in PwMS.}},
  author       = {{Moumddjian, Lousin and Moens, Bart and Maes, Pieter-Jan and Van Geel, Fanny and Ilsbroukx, Stephan and Borgers, Sophie and Leman, Marc and Feys, Peter}},
  issn         = {{2211-0348}},
  journal      = {{MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS}},
  keywords     = {{Auditory-motor coupling and synchronization,Multiple sclerosis,Prolonged walking,Fatigue,Music,Metronome,Spatiotemporal parameters,IMPAIRMENT}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  publisher    = {{ELSEVIER}},
  title        = {{Continuous 12 min walking to music, metronomes and in silence : auditory-motor coupling and its effects on perceived fatigue, motivation and gait in persons with multiple sclerosis}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2019.07.014}},
  volume       = {{35}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}

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