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Interest organizations across economic sectors : explaining interest group density in the European Union

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Abstract
The number of interest organizations (density) varies across policy domains, political issues and economic sectors. This shapes the nature and outcomes of interest representation. In this contribution, we explain the density of interest organizations per economic sector in the European Union on the basis of political and economic institutional factors. Focusing on business interest representation, we show that economic institutions structure the 'supply' of interest organizations by affecting the number of potential constituents, the resources available for lobbying and the geographical level of collective action of businesses. In contrast, we do not find consistent evidence that political institutions produce 'demand' for interest organizations by making laws, developing public policy or spending money. This is in contrast to the extensive evidence that such factors affect lobbying practices. The European Union interest system is (partially) shaped by economic factors, relatively independent from public policy or institutions.
Keywords
HRC, European Union, Business interest representation, lobbying, interest groups, POPULATION ECOLOGY, CIVIL-SOCIETY, INTEREST REPRESENTATION, LEGISLATIVE AGENDAS, POLICY BANDWAGONS, EU, LOGIC, MOBILIZATION, WASHINGTON, LOBBYISTS

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MLA
Berkhout, Joost, et al. “Interest Organizations across Economic Sectors : Explaining Interest Group Density in the European Union.” JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY, vol. 22, no. 4, 2015, pp. 462–80, doi:10.1080/13501763.2015.1008549.
APA
Berkhout, J., Carroll, B. J., Braun, C., Chalmers, A. W., Destrooper, T., Lowery, D., … Rasmussen, A. (2015). Interest organizations across economic sectors : explaining interest group density in the European Union. JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY, 22(4), 462–480. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2015.1008549
Chicago author-date
Berkhout, Joost, Brendan J. Carroll, Caelesta Braun, Adam W. Chalmers, Tine Destrooper, David Lowery, Simon Otjes, and Anne Rasmussen. 2015. “Interest Organizations across Economic Sectors : Explaining Interest Group Density in the European Union.” JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY 22 (4): 462–80. https://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2015.1008549.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Berkhout, Joost, Brendan J. Carroll, Caelesta Braun, Adam W. Chalmers, Tine Destrooper, David Lowery, Simon Otjes, and Anne Rasmussen. 2015. “Interest Organizations across Economic Sectors : Explaining Interest Group Density in the European Union.” JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY 22 (4): 462–480. doi:10.1080/13501763.2015.1008549.
Vancouver
1.
Berkhout J, Carroll BJ, Braun C, Chalmers AW, Destrooper T, Lowery D, et al. Interest organizations across economic sectors : explaining interest group density in the European Union. JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY. 2015;22(4):462–80.
IEEE
[1]
J. Berkhout et al., “Interest organizations across economic sectors : explaining interest group density in the European Union,” JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY, vol. 22, no. 4, pp. 462–480, 2015.
@article{8611108,
  abstract     = {{The number of interest organizations (density) varies across policy domains, political issues and economic sectors. This shapes the nature and outcomes of interest representation. In this contribution, we explain the density of interest organizations per economic sector in the European Union on the basis of political and economic institutional factors. Focusing on business interest representation, we show that economic institutions structure the 'supply' of interest organizations by affecting the number of potential constituents, the resources available for lobbying and the geographical level of collective action of businesses. In contrast, we do not find consistent evidence that political institutions produce 'demand' for interest organizations by making laws, developing public policy or spending money. This is in contrast to the extensive evidence that such factors affect lobbying practices. The European Union interest system is (partially) shaped by economic factors, relatively independent from public policy or institutions.}},
  author       = {{Berkhout, Joost and Carroll, Brendan J. and Braun, Caelesta and Chalmers, Adam W. and Destrooper, Tine and Lowery, David and Otjes, Simon and Rasmussen, Anne}},
  issn         = {{1350-1763}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF EUROPEAN PUBLIC POLICY}},
  keywords     = {{HRC,European Union,Business interest representation,lobbying,interest groups,POPULATION ECOLOGY,CIVIL-SOCIETY,INTEREST REPRESENTATION,LEGISLATIVE AGENDAS,POLICY BANDWAGONS,EU,LOGIC,MOBILIZATION,WASHINGTON,LOBBYISTS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{462--480}},
  title        = {{Interest organizations across economic sectors : explaining interest group density in the European Union}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1080/13501763.2015.1008549}},
  volume       = {{22}},
  year         = {{2015}},
}

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