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Investigation of the metabolic profile and toxigenic variability of fungal species occurring in fermented foods and beverage from Nigeria and South Africa using UPLC-MS/MS

Ifeoluwa Adekoya, Patrick Njobeh, Adewale Obadina, Sofie Landschoot (UGent) , Kris Audenaert (UGent) , Sheila Okoth, Marthe De Boevre (UGent) and Sarah De Saeger (UGent)
(2019) TOXINS. 11(2).
Author
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Abstract
Fungal species recovered from fermented foods and beverage from Nigeria and South Africa were studied to establish their toxigenic potential in producing an array of secondary metabolites including mycotoxins (n = 49) that could compromise human and animal safety. In total, 385 fungal isolates were grown on solidified yeast extract sucrose agar. Their metabolites were extracted and analyzed via ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. To examine the grouping of isolates and co-occurrence of metabolites, hierarchal clustering and pairwise association analysis was performed. Of the 385 fungal strains tested, over 41% were toxigenic producing different mycotoxins. A. flavus and A. parasiticus strains were the principal producers of aflatoxin B-1 (27-7406 mu g/kg). Aflatoxin B-1 and cyclopiazonic acid had a positive association. Ochratoxin A was produced by 67% of the A. niger strains in the range of 28-1302 mu g/kg. The sterigmatocystin producers found were A. versicolor (n = 12), A. amstelodami (n = 4), and A. sydowii (n = 6). Apart from P. chrysogenum, none of the Penicillium spp. produced roquefortine C. Amongst the Fusarium strains tested, F. verticillioides produced fumonisin B-1 (range: 77-218 mu g/kg) meanwhile low levels of deoxynivalenol were observed. The production of multiple metabolites by single fungal species was also evident.
Keywords
toxigenicity, Aspergillus, mycotoxins, metabolites, UPLC-MS, MS, fermented foods, ASPERGILLUS SECTION FLAVI, CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID, MYCOTOXINS, AFLATOXIN, FUSARIUM, TRICHOTHECENES, IDENTIFICATION, CONTAMINATION, MYCOBIOTA

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MLA
Adekoya, Ifeoluwa, et al. “Investigation of the Metabolic Profile and Toxigenic Variability of Fungal Species Occurring in Fermented Foods and Beverage from Nigeria and South Africa Using UPLC-MS/MS.” TOXINS, vol. 11, no. 2, 2019, doi:10.3390/toxins11020085.
APA
Adekoya, I., Njobeh, P., Obadina, A., Landschoot, S., Audenaert, K., Okoth, S., … De Saeger, S. (2019). Investigation of the metabolic profile and toxigenic variability of fungal species occurring in fermented foods and beverage from Nigeria and South Africa using UPLC-MS/MS. TOXINS, 11(2). https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11020085
Chicago author-date
Adekoya, Ifeoluwa, Patrick Njobeh, Adewale Obadina, Sofie Landschoot, Kris Audenaert, Sheila Okoth, Marthe De Boevre, and Sarah De Saeger. 2019. “Investigation of the Metabolic Profile and Toxigenic Variability of Fungal Species Occurring in Fermented Foods and Beverage from Nigeria and South Africa Using UPLC-MS/MS.” TOXINS 11 (2). https://doi.org/10.3390/toxins11020085.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Adekoya, Ifeoluwa, Patrick Njobeh, Adewale Obadina, Sofie Landschoot, Kris Audenaert, Sheila Okoth, Marthe De Boevre, and Sarah De Saeger. 2019. “Investigation of the Metabolic Profile and Toxigenic Variability of Fungal Species Occurring in Fermented Foods and Beverage from Nigeria and South Africa Using UPLC-MS/MS.” TOXINS 11 (2). doi:10.3390/toxins11020085.
Vancouver
1.
Adekoya I, Njobeh P, Obadina A, Landschoot S, Audenaert K, Okoth S, et al. Investigation of the metabolic profile and toxigenic variability of fungal species occurring in fermented foods and beverage from Nigeria and South Africa using UPLC-MS/MS. TOXINS. 2019;11(2).
IEEE
[1]
I. Adekoya et al., “Investigation of the metabolic profile and toxigenic variability of fungal species occurring in fermented foods and beverage from Nigeria and South Africa using UPLC-MS/MS,” TOXINS, vol. 11, no. 2, 2019.
@article{8605293,
  abstract     = {{Fungal species recovered from fermented foods and beverage from Nigeria and South Africa were studied to establish their toxigenic potential in producing an array of secondary metabolites including mycotoxins (n = 49) that could compromise human and animal safety. In total, 385 fungal isolates were grown on solidified yeast extract sucrose agar. Their metabolites were extracted and analyzed via ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. To examine the grouping of isolates and co-occurrence of metabolites, hierarchal clustering and pairwise association analysis was performed. Of the 385 fungal strains tested, over 41% were toxigenic producing different mycotoxins. A. flavus and A. parasiticus strains were the principal producers of aflatoxin B-1 (27-7406 mu g/kg). Aflatoxin B-1 and cyclopiazonic acid had a positive association. Ochratoxin A was produced by 67% of the A. niger strains in the range of 28-1302 mu g/kg. The sterigmatocystin producers found were A. versicolor (n = 12), A. amstelodami (n = 4), and A. sydowii (n = 6). Apart from P. chrysogenum, none of the Penicillium spp. produced roquefortine C. Amongst the Fusarium strains tested, F. verticillioides produced fumonisin B-1 (range: 77-218 mu g/kg) meanwhile low levels of deoxynivalenol were observed. The production of multiple metabolites by single fungal species was also evident.}},
  articleno    = {{85}},
  author       = {{Adekoya, Ifeoluwa and Njobeh, Patrick and Obadina, Adewale and Landschoot, Sofie and Audenaert, Kris and Okoth, Sheila and De Boevre, Marthe and De Saeger, Sarah}},
  issn         = {{2072-6651}},
  journal      = {{TOXINS}},
  keywords     = {{toxigenicity,Aspergillus,mycotoxins,metabolites,UPLC-MS,MS,fermented foods,ASPERGILLUS SECTION FLAVI,CYCLOPIAZONIC ACID,MYCOTOXINS,AFLATOXIN,FUSARIUM,TRICHOTHECENES,IDENTIFICATION,CONTAMINATION,MYCOBIOTA}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{17}},
  title        = {{Investigation of the metabolic profile and toxigenic variability of fungal species occurring in fermented foods and beverage from Nigeria and South Africa using UPLC-MS/MS}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxins11020085}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2019}},
}
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