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Highly efficient low-temperature N-doped TiO2 catalysts for visible light photocatalytic applications

Julien G Mahy, Vincent Cerfontaine, Dirk Poelman (UGent) , François Devred, Eric M Gaigneaux, Benoit Heinrichs and Stephanie D Lambert
(2018) MATERIALS. 11(4).
Author
Organization
Abstract
In this paper, TiO2 prepared with an aqueous sol-gel synthesis by peptization process is doped with nitrogen precursor to extend its activity towards the visible region. Three N-precursors are used: urea, ethylenediamine and triethylamine. Different molar N/Ti ratios are tested and the synthesis is adapted for each dopant. For urea-and trimethylamine-doped samples, anatase-brookite TiO2 nanoparticles of 6-8 nm are formed, with a specific surface area between 200 and 275 m(2)-g(-1). In ethylenediamine-doped samples, the formation of rutile phase is observed, and TiO2 nanoparticles of 6-8 nm with a specific surface area between 185 and 240 m(2).g(-1) are obtained. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and diffuse reflectance measurements show the incorporation of nitrogen in TiO2 materials through Ti-O-N bonds allowing light absorption in the visible region. Photocatalytic tests on the remediation of water polluted with p-nitrophenol show a marked improvement for all doped catalysts under visible light. The optimum doping, taking into account cost, activity and ease of synthesis, is up-scaled to a volume of 5 L and compared to commercial Degussa P25 material. This up-scaled sample shows similar properties compared to the lab-scale sample, i.e., a photoactivity 4 times higher than commercial P25.
Keywords
N-doped TiO2, aqueous sol-gel process, photocatalysis, p-nitrophenol degradation, multiple crystalline phase catalyst, SOL-GEL SYNTHESIS, THIN-FILMS, DEGRADATION, PEPTIZATION, NITROGEN, XEROGEL, DYES, NANOPARTICLES, ISOPROPOXIDE, HYDROLYSIS

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MLA
Mahy, Julien G., et al. “Highly Efficient Low-Temperature N-Doped TiO2 Catalysts for Visible Light Photocatalytic Applications.” MATERIALS, vol. 11, no. 4, 2018, doi:10.3390/ma11040584.
APA
Mahy, J. G., Cerfontaine, V., Poelman, D., Devred, F., Gaigneaux, E. M., Heinrichs, B., & Lambert, S. D. (2018). Highly efficient low-temperature N-doped TiO2 catalysts for visible light photocatalytic applications. MATERIALS, 11(4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11040584
Chicago author-date
Mahy, Julien G, Vincent Cerfontaine, Dirk Poelman, François Devred, Eric M Gaigneaux, Benoit Heinrichs, and Stephanie D Lambert. 2018. “Highly Efficient Low-Temperature N-Doped TiO2 Catalysts for Visible Light Photocatalytic Applications.” MATERIALS 11 (4). https://doi.org/10.3390/ma11040584.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Mahy, Julien G, Vincent Cerfontaine, Dirk Poelman, François Devred, Eric M Gaigneaux, Benoit Heinrichs, and Stephanie D Lambert. 2018. “Highly Efficient Low-Temperature N-Doped TiO2 Catalysts for Visible Light Photocatalytic Applications.” MATERIALS 11 (4). doi:10.3390/ma11040584.
Vancouver
1.
Mahy JG, Cerfontaine V, Poelman D, Devred F, Gaigneaux EM, Heinrichs B, et al. Highly efficient low-temperature N-doped TiO2 catalysts for visible light photocatalytic applications. MATERIALS. 2018;11(4).
IEEE
[1]
J. G. Mahy et al., “Highly efficient low-temperature N-doped TiO2 catalysts for visible light photocatalytic applications,” MATERIALS, vol. 11, no. 4, 2018.
@article{8590129,
  abstract     = {{In this paper, TiO2 prepared with an aqueous sol-gel synthesis by peptization process is doped with nitrogen precursor to extend its activity towards the visible region. Three N-precursors are used: urea, ethylenediamine and triethylamine. Different molar N/Ti ratios are tested and the synthesis is adapted for each dopant. For urea-and trimethylamine-doped samples, anatase-brookite TiO2 nanoparticles of 6-8 nm are formed, with a specific surface area between 200 and 275 m(2)-g(-1). In ethylenediamine-doped samples, the formation of rutile phase is observed, and TiO2 nanoparticles of 6-8 nm with a specific surface area between 185 and 240 m(2).g(-1) are obtained. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and diffuse reflectance measurements show the incorporation of nitrogen in TiO2 materials through Ti-O-N bonds allowing light absorption in the visible region. Photocatalytic tests on the remediation of water polluted with p-nitrophenol show a marked improvement for all doped catalysts under visible light. The optimum doping, taking into account cost, activity and ease of synthesis, is up-scaled to a volume of 5 L and compared to commercial Degussa P25 material. This up-scaled sample shows similar properties compared to the lab-scale sample, i.e., a photoactivity 4 times higher than commercial P25.}},
  articleno    = {{584}},
  author       = {{Mahy, Julien G and Cerfontaine, Vincent and Poelman, Dirk and Devred, François and Gaigneaux, Eric M and Heinrichs, Benoit and Lambert, Stephanie D}},
  issn         = {{1996-1944}},
  journal      = {{MATERIALS}},
  keywords     = {{N-doped TiO2,aqueous sol-gel process,photocatalysis,p-nitrophenol degradation,multiple crystalline phase catalyst,SOL-GEL SYNTHESIS,THIN-FILMS,DEGRADATION,PEPTIZATION,NITROGEN,XEROGEL,DYES,NANOPARTICLES,ISOPROPOXIDE,HYDROLYSIS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{20}},
  title        = {{Highly efficient low-temperature N-doped TiO2 catalysts for visible light photocatalytic applications}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3390/ma11040584}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}
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