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Cardiovascular health in Turner syndrome : a scientific statement from the American Heart Association

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Abstract
Girls and women with Turner syndrome face a lifelong struggle with both congenital heart disease and acquired cardiovascular conditions. Bicuspid aortic valve is common, and many have left-sided heart obstructive disease of varying severity, from hypoplastic left-sided heart syndrome to minimal aortic stenosis or coarctation of the aorta. Significant enlargement of the thoracic aorta may progress to catastrophic aortic dissection and rupture. It is becoming increasingly apparent that a variety of other cardiovascular conditions, including early-onset hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and stroke, are the major factors reducing the life span of those with Turner syndrome. The presentations and management of cardiovascular conditions in Turner syndrome differ significantly from the general population. Therefore, an international working group reviewed the available evidence regarding the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Turner syndrome. It is recognized that the suggestions for clinical practice stated here are only the beginning of a process that must also involve the establishment of quality indicators, structures and processes for implementation, and outcome studies.
Keywords
AMBULATORY BLOOD-PRESSURE, COLLEGE-OF-CARDIOLOGY, ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE, TECHNOLOGY, VITRO FERTILIZATION PATIENTS, LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY, CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINE, ASCENDING AORTIC DIAMETER, MAGNETIC-RESONANCE, CORONARY-ARTERY, TASK-FORCE, AHA Scientific Statements, aortic aneurysm, genetics, heart diseases, pregnancy, Turner syndrome

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MLA
Silberbach, Michael, et al. “Cardiovascular Health in Turner Syndrome : A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association.” CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE, vol. 11, no. 10, 2018, doi:10.1161/HCG.0000000000000048.
APA
Silberbach, M., Roos-Hesselink, J. W., Andersen, N. H., Braverman, A. C., Brown, N., Collins, R. T., … Young, L. T. (2018). Cardiovascular health in Turner syndrome : a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE, 11(10). https://doi.org/10.1161/HCG.0000000000000048
Chicago author-date
Silberbach, Michael, Jolien W Roos-Hesselink, Niels H Andersen, Alan C Braverman, Nicole Brown, R Thomas Collins, Julie De Backer, et al. 2018. “Cardiovascular Health in Turner Syndrome : A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association.” CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 11 (10). https://doi.org/10.1161/HCG.0000000000000048.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Silberbach, Michael, Jolien W Roos-Hesselink, Niels H Andersen, Alan C Braverman, Nicole Brown, R Thomas Collins, Julie De Backer, Kim A Eagle, Loren F Hiratzka, Walter H Johnson Jr, Daniella Kadian-Dodov, Leo Lopez, Kristian H Mortensen, Siddharth K Prakash, Elizabeth V Ratchford, Arwa Saidi, Iris van Hagen, and Luciana T Young. 2018. “Cardiovascular Health in Turner Syndrome : A Scientific Statement from the American Heart Association.” CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE 11 (10). doi:10.1161/HCG.0000000000000048.
Vancouver
1.
Silberbach M, Roos-Hesselink JW, Andersen NH, Braverman AC, Brown N, Collins RT, et al. Cardiovascular health in Turner syndrome : a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE. 2018;11(10).
IEEE
[1]
M. Silberbach et al., “Cardiovascular health in Turner syndrome : a scientific statement from the American Heart Association,” CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE, vol. 11, no. 10, 2018.
@article{8583485,
  abstract     = {{Girls and women with Turner syndrome face a lifelong struggle with both congenital heart disease and acquired cardiovascular conditions. Bicuspid aortic valve is common, and many have left-sided heart obstructive disease of varying severity, from hypoplastic left-sided heart syndrome to minimal aortic stenosis or coarctation of the aorta. Significant enlargement of the thoracic aorta may progress to catastrophic aortic dissection and rupture. It is becoming increasingly apparent that a variety of other cardiovascular conditions, including early-onset hypertension, ischemic heart disease, and stroke, are the major factors reducing the life span of those with Turner syndrome. The presentations and management of cardiovascular conditions in Turner syndrome differ significantly from the general population. Therefore, an international working group reviewed the available evidence regarding the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases in Turner syndrome. It is recognized that the suggestions for clinical practice stated here are only the beginning of a process that must also involve the establishment of quality indicators, structures and processes for implementation, and outcome studies.}},
  articleno    = {{e000048}},
  author       = {{Silberbach, Michael and Roos-Hesselink, Jolien W and Andersen, Niels H and Braverman, Alan C and Brown, Nicole and Collins, R Thomas and De Backer, Julie and Eagle, Kim A and Hiratzka, Loren F and Johnson, Walter H, Jr and Kadian-Dodov, Daniella and Lopez, Leo and Mortensen, Kristian H and Prakash, Siddharth K and Ratchford, Elizabeth V and Saidi, Arwa and van Hagen, Iris and Young, Luciana T}},
  issn         = {{2574-8300}},
  journal      = {{CIRCULATION-GENOMIC AND PRECISION MEDICINE}},
  keywords     = {{AMBULATORY BLOOD-PRESSURE,COLLEGE-OF-CARDIOLOGY,ASSISTED REPRODUCTIVE,TECHNOLOGY,VITRO FERTILIZATION PATIENTS,LEFT-VENTRICULAR HYPERTROPHY,CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINE,ASCENDING AORTIC DIAMETER,MAGNETIC-RESONANCE,CORONARY-ARTERY,TASK-FORCE,AHA Scientific Statements,aortic aneurysm,genetics,heart diseases,pregnancy,Turner syndrome}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{10}},
  pages        = {{22}},
  title        = {{Cardiovascular health in Turner syndrome : a scientific statement from the American Heart Association}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1161/HCG.0000000000000048}},
  volume       = {{11}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

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