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Search for astrophysical sources of neutrinos using cascade events in IceCube

MG Aartsen, M Ackermann, J Adams, JA Aguilar, M Ahlers, M Ahrens, I Al Samarai, D Altmann, K Andeen, T Anderson, et al.
(2017) ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL. 846(2).
Author
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Abstract
The IceCube neutrino observatory has established the existence of a flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, which is inconsistent with the expectation from atmospheric backgrounds at a significance greater than 5 sigma. This flux has been observed in analyses of both track events from muon neutrino interactions and cascade events from interactions of all neutrino flavors. Searches for astrophysical neutrino sources have focused on track events due to the significantly better angular resolution of track reconstructions. To date, no such sources have been confirmed. Here we present the first search for astrophysical neutrino sources using cascades interacting in IceCube with deposited energies as small as 1 TeV. No significant clustering was observed in a selection of 263 cascades collected from 2010 May to 2012 May. We show that compared to the classic approach using tracks, this statistically independent search offers improved sensitivity to sources in the southern sky, especially if the emission is spatially extended or follows a soft energy spectrum. This enhancement is due to the low background from atmospheric neutrinos forming cascade events and the additional veto of atmospheric neutrinos at declinations less than or similar to-30 degrees.
Keywords
astroparticle physics, neutrinos, PERFORMANCE, SYSTEM, ICE

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MLA
Aartsen, MG, et al. “Search for Astrophysical Sources of Neutrinos Using Cascade Events in IceCube.” ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, vol. 846, no. 2, 2017, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa8508.
APA
Aartsen, M., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Aguilar, J., Ahlers, M., Ahrens, M., … Zoll, M. (2017). Search for astrophysical sources of neutrinos using cascade events in IceCube. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, 846(2). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8508
Chicago author-date
Aartsen, MG, M Ackermann, J Adams, JA Aguilar, M Ahlers, M Ahrens, I Al Samarai, et al. 2017. “Search for Astrophysical Sources of Neutrinos Using Cascade Events in IceCube.” ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 846 (2). https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8508.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Aartsen, MG, M Ackermann, J Adams, JA Aguilar, M Ahlers, M Ahrens, I Al Samarai, D Altmann, K Andeen, T Anderson, I Ansseau, G Anton, C Arguelles, J Auffenberg, S Axani, H Bagherpour, X Bai, SW Barwick, V Baum, R Bay, JJ Beatty, J Becker Tjus, K-H Becker, S BenZvi, D Berley, E Bernardini, DZ Besson, G Binder, D Bindig, E Blaufuss, S Blot, C Bohm, M Borner, F Bos, D Bose, S Boser, O Botner, J Bourbeau, F Bradascio, J Braun, L Brayeur, M Brenzke, H-P Bretz, S Bron, A Burgman, T Carver, J Casey, M Casier, E Cheung, D Chirkin, A Christov, K Clark, L Classen, S Coenders, GH Collin, JM Conrad, DF Cowen, R Cross, M Day, JPAM de Andre, C De Clercq, JJ DeLaunay, H Dembinski, Sam De Ridder, P Desiati, KD de Vries, G de Wasseige, M de With, T DeYoung, JC Diaz-Velez, V di Lorenzo, H Dujmovic, JP Dumm, M Dunkman, B Eberhardt, T Ehrhardt, B Eichmann, P Eller, PA Evenson, S Fahey, AR Fazely, J Felde, K Filimonov, C Finley, S Flis, A Franckowiak, E Friedman, T Fuchs, TK Gaisser, J Gallagher, L Gerhardt, K Ghorbani, W Giang, T Glauch, T Glsenkamp, A Goldschmidt, JG Gonzalez, D Grant, Z Griffith, C Haack, A Hallgren, F Halzen, K Hanson, D Hebecker, D Heereman, K Helbing, R Hellauer, S Hickford, J Hignight, GC Hill, KD Hoffman, R Hoffmann, B Hokanson-Fasig, K Hoshina, F Huang, M Huber, K Hultqvist, S In, A Ishihara, E Jacobi, GS Japaridze, M Jeong, K Jero, BJP Jones, P Kalacynski, W Kang, A Kappes, T Karg, A Karle, U Katz, M Kauer, A Keivani, JL Kelley, A Kheirandish, J Kim, M Kim, T Kintscher, J Kiryluk, T Kittler, SR Klein, G Kohnen, R Koirala, H Kolanoski, L Kopke, C Kopper, S Kopper, JP Koschinsky, DJ Koskinen, M Kowalski, K Krings, M Kroll, G Kruckl, J Kunnen, S Kunwar, N Kurahashi, T Kuwabara, A Kyriacou, Mathieu Labare, JL Lanfranchi, MJ Larson, F Lauber, D Lennarz, M Lesiak-Bzdak, M Leuermann, QR Liu, L Lu, J Lunemann, W Luszczak, J Madsen, G Maggi, KBM Mahn, S Mancina, R Maruyama, K Mase, R Maunu, F McNally, K Meagher, M Medici, M Meier, T Menne, G Merino, T Meures, S Miarecki, J Micallef, G Momente, T Montaruli, M Moulai, R Nahnhauer, P Nakarmi, U Naumann, G Neer, H Niederhausen, SC Nowicki, DR Nygren, A Obertacke Pollmann, A Olivas, A O’Murchadha, T Palczewski, H Pandya, DV Pankova, P Peiffer, JA Pepper, C Perez de los Heros, D Pieloth, E Pinat, M Plum, PB Price, GT Przybylski, C Raab, L Radel, M Rameez, K Rawlins, R Reimann, B Relethford, M Relich, E Resconi, W Rhode, M Richman, B Riedel, S Robertson, M Rongen, C Rott, T Ruhe, Dirk Ryckbosch, D Rysewyk, T Salzer, SE Sanchez Herrera, A Sandrock, J Sandroos, S Sarkar, S Sarkar, K Satalecka, P Schlunder, T Schmidt, A Schneider, S Schoenen, S Schoneberg, L Schumacher, D Seckel, S Seunarine, D Soldin, M Song, GM Spiczak, C Spiering, J Stachurska, T Stanev, A Stasik, J Stettner, A Steuer, T Stezelberger, RG Stokstad, A Stossl, NL Strotjohann, GW Sullivan, M Sutherland, I Taboada, J Tatar, F Tenholt, S Ter-Antonyan, A Terliuk, G Tesic, S Tilav, PA Toale, MN Tobin, S Toscano, D Tosi, M Tselengidou, CF Tung, A Turcati, CF Turley, B Ty, E Unger, M Usner, J Vandenbroucke, Ward Van Driessche, N van Eijndhoven, Sander Vanheule, J van Santen, M Vehring, E Vogel, Matthias Vraeghe, C Walck, A Wallace, M Wallraff, N Wandkowsky, A Waza, C Weaver, MJ Weiss, C Wendt, S Westerhoff, BJ Whelan, S Wickmann, K Wiebe, CH Wiebusch, L Wille, DR Williams, L Wills, M Wolf, J Wood, TR Wood, E Woolsey, K Woschnagg, DL Xu, XW Xu, Y Xu, JP Yanez, G Yodh, S Yoshida, T Yuan, and M Zoll. 2017. “Search for Astrophysical Sources of Neutrinos Using Cascade Events in IceCube.” ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL 846 (2). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa8508.
Vancouver
1.
Aartsen M, Ackermann M, Adams J, Aguilar J, Ahlers M, Ahrens M, et al. Search for astrophysical sources of neutrinos using cascade events in IceCube. ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL. 2017;846(2).
IEEE
[1]
M. Aartsen et al., “Search for astrophysical sources of neutrinos using cascade events in IceCube,” ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL, vol. 846, no. 2, 2017.
@article{8565608,
  abstract     = {{The IceCube neutrino observatory has established the existence of a flux of high-energy astrophysical neutrinos, which is inconsistent with the expectation from atmospheric backgrounds at a significance greater than 5 sigma. This flux has been observed in analyses of both track events from muon neutrino interactions and cascade events from interactions of all neutrino flavors. Searches for astrophysical neutrino sources have focused on track events due to the significantly better angular resolution of track reconstructions. To date, no such sources have been confirmed. Here we present the first search for astrophysical neutrino sources using cascades interacting in IceCube with deposited energies as small as 1 TeV. No significant clustering was observed in a selection of 263 cascades collected from 2010 May to 2012 May. We show that compared to the classic approach using tracks, this statistically independent search offers improved sensitivity to sources in the southern sky, especially if the emission is spatially extended or follows a soft energy spectrum. This enhancement is due to the low background from atmospheric neutrinos forming cascade events and the additional veto of atmospheric neutrinos at declinations less than or similar to-30 degrees.}},
  articleno    = {{136}},
  author       = {{Aartsen, MG and Ackermann, M and Adams, J and Aguilar, JA and Ahlers, M and Ahrens, M and Al Samarai, I and Altmann, D and Andeen, K and Anderson, T and Ansseau, I and Anton, G and Arguelles, C and Auffenberg, J and Axani, S and Bagherpour, H and Bai, X and Barwick, SW and Baum, V and Bay, R and Beatty, JJ and Becker Tjus, J and Becker, K-H and BenZvi, S and Berley, D and Bernardini, E and Besson, DZ and Binder, G and Bindig, D and Blaufuss, E and Blot, S and Bohm, C and Borner, M and Bos, F and Bose, D and Boser, S and Botner, O and Bourbeau, J and Bradascio, F and Braun, J and Brayeur, L and Brenzke, M and Bretz, H-P and Bron, S and Burgman, A and Carver, T and Casey, J and Casier, M and Cheung, E and Chirkin, D and Christov, A and Clark, K and Classen, L and Coenders, S and Collin, GH and Conrad, JM and Cowen, DF and Cross, R and Day, M and de Andre, JPAM and De Clercq, C and DeLaunay, JJ and Dembinski, H and De Ridder, Sam and Desiati, P and de Vries, KD and de Wasseige, G and de With, M and DeYoung, T and Diaz-Velez, JC and di Lorenzo, V and Dujmovic, H and Dumm, JP and Dunkman, M and Eberhardt, B and Ehrhardt, T and Eichmann, B and Eller, P and Evenson, PA and Fahey, S and Fazely, AR and Felde, J and Filimonov, K and Finley, C and Flis, S and Franckowiak, A and Friedman, E and Fuchs, T and Gaisser, TK and Gallagher, J and Gerhardt, L and Ghorbani, K and Giang, W and Glauch, T and Glsenkamp, T and Goldschmidt, A and Gonzalez, JG and Grant, D and Griffith, Z and Haack, C and Hallgren, A and Halzen, F and Hanson, K and Hebecker, D and Heereman, D and Helbing, K and Hellauer, R and Hickford, S and Hignight, J and Hill, GC and Hoffman, KD and Hoffmann, R and Hokanson-Fasig, B and Hoshina, K and Huang, F and Huber, M and Hultqvist, K and In, S and Ishihara, A and Jacobi, E and Japaridze, GS and Jeong, M and Jero, K and Jones, BJP and Kalacynski, P and Kang, W and Kappes, A and Karg, T and Karle, A and Katz, U and Kauer, M and Keivani, A and Kelley, JL and Kheirandish, A and Kim, J and Kim, M and Kintscher, T and Kiryluk, J and Kittler, T and Klein, SR and Kohnen, G and Koirala, R and Kolanoski, H and Kopke, L and Kopper, C and Kopper, S and Koschinsky, JP and Koskinen, DJ and Kowalski, M and Krings, K and Kroll, M and Kruckl, G and Kunnen, J and Kunwar, S and Kurahashi, N and Kuwabara, T and Kyriacou, A and Labare, Mathieu and Lanfranchi, JL and Larson, MJ and Lauber, F and Lennarz, D and Lesiak-Bzdak, M and Leuermann, M and Liu, QR and Lu, L and Lunemann, J and Luszczak, W and Madsen, J and Maggi, G and Mahn, KBM and Mancina, S and Maruyama, R and Mase, K and Maunu, R and McNally, F and Meagher, K and Medici, M and Meier, M and Menne, T and Merino, G and Meures, T and Miarecki, S and Micallef, J and Momente, G and Montaruli, T and Moulai, M and Nahnhauer, R and Nakarmi, P and Naumann, U and Neer, G and Niederhausen, H and Nowicki, SC and Nygren, DR and Obertacke Pollmann, A and Olivas, A and O'Murchadha, A and Palczewski, T and Pandya, H and Pankova, DV and Peiffer, P and Pepper, JA and Perez de los Heros, C and Pieloth, D and Pinat, E and Plum, M and Price, PB and Przybylski, GT and Raab, C and Radel, L and Rameez, M and Rawlins, K and Reimann, R and Relethford, B and Relich, M and Resconi, E and Rhode, W and Richman, M and Riedel, B and Robertson, S and Rongen, M and Rott, C and Ruhe, T and Ryckbosch, Dirk and Rysewyk, D and Salzer, T and Sanchez Herrera, SE and Sandrock, A and Sandroos, J and Sarkar, S and Sarkar, S and Satalecka, K and Schlunder, P and Schmidt, T and Schneider, A and Schoenen, S and Schoneberg, S and Schumacher, L and Seckel, D and Seunarine, S and Soldin, D and Song, M and Spiczak, GM and Spiering, C and Stachurska, J and Stanev, T and Stasik, A and Stettner, J and Steuer, A and Stezelberger, T and Stokstad, RG and Stossl, A and Strotjohann, NL and Sullivan, GW and Sutherland, M and Taboada, I and Tatar, J and Tenholt, F and Ter-Antonyan, S and Terliuk, A and Tesic, G and Tilav, S and Toale, PA and Tobin, MN and Toscano, S and Tosi, D and Tselengidou, M and Tung, CF and Turcati, A and Turley, CF and Ty, B and Unger, E and Usner, M and Vandenbroucke, J and Van Driessche, Ward and van Eijndhoven, N and Vanheule, Sander and van Santen, J and Vehring, M and Vogel, E and Vraeghe, Matthias and Walck, C and Wallace, A and Wallraff, M and Wandkowsky, N and Waza, A and Weaver, C and Weiss, MJ and Wendt, C and Westerhoff, S and Whelan, BJ and Wickmann, S and Wiebe, K and Wiebusch, CH and Wille, L and Williams, DR and Wills, L and Wolf, M and Wood, J and Wood, TR and Woolsey, E and Woschnagg, K and Xu, DL and Xu, XW and Xu, Y and Yanez, JP and Yodh, G and Yoshida, S and Yuan, T and Zoll, M}},
  issn         = {{0004-637X}},
  journal      = {{ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL}},
  keywords     = {{astroparticle physics,neutrinos,PERFORMANCE,SYSTEM,ICE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{2}},
  pages        = {{12}},
  title        = {{Search for astrophysical sources of neutrinos using cascade events in IceCube}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aa8508}},
  volume       = {{846}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}
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