A pulse frequency modulation interpretation of VCOs enabling VCO-ADC architectures with extended noise shaping
- Author
- Eric Gutierrez, Luis Hernandez, Fernando Cardes and Pieter Rombouts (UGent)
- Organization
- Abstract
- In this paper, we propose to study voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs) based on the equivalence with pulse frequency modulators (PFMs). This approach is applied to the analysis of VCO-based analog-to-digital converters (VCO-ADCs) and deviates significantly from the conventional interpretation, where VCO-ADCs have been described as the first-order Delta Sigma modulators. A first advantage of our approach is that it unveils systematic error components not described by the equivalence with a conventional Delta Sigma modulator. A second advantage is that, by a proper selection of the pulses generated by the PFM, we can theoretically construct an open loop VCO-ADC with an arbitrary noise shaping order. Unfortunately, with the exception of the first-order noise shaping case, the required pulse waveforms cannot easily be implemented on the circuit level. However, we describe circuit techniques to achieve a good approximation of the required pulse waveforms, which can easily be implemented by practical circuits. Finally, our approach enables a straightforward description of multistage Delta Sigma modulator architectures, which is an alternative and practically feasible way to realize a VCO-ADC with extended noise shaping.
- Keywords
- DELTA-SIGMA ADC, TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER, QUANTIZATION NOISE, INTERMEDIATE, VALUES, MHZ BANDWIDTH, OSCILLATOR, DESIGN, LINEARIZATION, Delta Sigma modulation, data conversion, voltage controlled oscillators, pulse frequency modulation, time encoding
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Citation
Please use this url to cite or link to this publication: http://hdl.handle.net/1854/LU-8560910
- MLA
- Gutierrez, Eric, et al. “A Pulse Frequency Modulation Interpretation of VCOs Enabling VCO-ADC Architectures with Extended Noise Shaping.” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS, vol. 65, no. 2, Ieee-inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc, 2018, pp. 444–57, doi:10.1109/TCSI.2017.2737830.
- APA
- Gutierrez, E., Hernandez, L., Cardes, F., & Rombouts, P. (2018). A pulse frequency modulation interpretation of VCOs enabling VCO-ADC architectures with extended noise shaping. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS, 65(2), 444–457. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2017.2737830
- Chicago author-date
- Gutierrez, Eric, Luis Hernandez, Fernando Cardes, and Pieter Rombouts. 2018. “A Pulse Frequency Modulation Interpretation of VCOs Enabling VCO-ADC Architectures with Extended Noise Shaping.” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS 65 (2): 444–57. https://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2017.2737830.
- Chicago author-date (all authors)
- Gutierrez, Eric, Luis Hernandez, Fernando Cardes, and Pieter Rombouts. 2018. “A Pulse Frequency Modulation Interpretation of VCOs Enabling VCO-ADC Architectures with Extended Noise Shaping.” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS 65 (2): 444–457. doi:10.1109/TCSI.2017.2737830.
- Vancouver
- 1.Gutierrez E, Hernandez L, Cardes F, Rombouts P. A pulse frequency modulation interpretation of VCOs enabling VCO-ADC architectures with extended noise shaping. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS. 2018;65(2):444–57.
- IEEE
- [1]E. Gutierrez, L. Hernandez, F. Cardes, and P. Rombouts, “A pulse frequency modulation interpretation of VCOs enabling VCO-ADC architectures with extended noise shaping,” IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 444–457, 2018.
@article{8560910,
abstract = {{In this paper, we propose to study voltage controlled oscillators (VCOs) based on the equivalence with pulse frequency modulators (PFMs). This approach is applied to the analysis of VCO-based analog-to-digital converters (VCO-ADCs) and deviates significantly from the conventional interpretation, where VCO-ADCs have been described as the first-order Delta Sigma modulators. A first advantage of our approach is that it unveils systematic error components not described by the equivalence with a conventional Delta Sigma modulator. A second advantage is that, by a proper selection of the pulses generated by the PFM, we can theoretically construct an open loop VCO-ADC with an arbitrary noise shaping order. Unfortunately, with the exception of the first-order noise shaping case, the required pulse waveforms cannot easily be implemented on the circuit level. However, we describe circuit techniques to achieve a good approximation of the required pulse waveforms, which can easily be implemented by practical circuits. Finally, our approach enables a straightforward description of multistage Delta Sigma modulator architectures, which is an alternative and practically feasible way to realize a VCO-ADC with extended noise shaping.}},
author = {{Gutierrez, Eric and Hernandez, Luis and Cardes, Fernando and Rombouts, Pieter}},
issn = {{1549-8328}},
journal = {{IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS I-REGULAR PAPERS}},
keywords = {{DELTA-SIGMA ADC,TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER,QUANTIZATION NOISE,INTERMEDIATE,VALUES,MHZ BANDWIDTH,OSCILLATOR,DESIGN,LINEARIZATION,Delta Sigma modulation,data conversion,voltage controlled oscillators,pulse frequency modulation,time encoding}},
language = {{eng}},
number = {{2}},
pages = {{444--457}},
publisher = {{Ieee-inst Electrical Electronics Engineers Inc}},
title = {{A pulse frequency modulation interpretation of VCOs enabling VCO-ADC architectures with extended noise shaping}},
url = {{http://doi.org/10.1109/TCSI.2017.2737830}},
volume = {{65}},
year = {{2018}},
}
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