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Candidate high-z protoclusters among the Planck compact sources, as revealed by Herschel-SPIRE

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Abstract
By determining the nature of all the Planck compact sources within 808.4 deg(2) of large Herschel surveys, we have identified 27 candidate protoclusters of dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) that are at least 3 sigma overdense in either 250, 350, or 500 mu m sources. We find roughly half of all the Planck compact sources are resolved by Herschel into multiple discrete objects, with the other half remaining unresolved by Herschel. We find a significant difference between versions of the Planck catalogues, with earlier releases hosting a larger fraction of candidate protoclusters and Galactic cirrus than later releases, which we ascribe to a difference in the filters used in the creation of the three catalogues. We find a surface density of DSFG candidate protoclusters of (3.3 +/- 0.7) x 10(-2) sources deg(-2), in good agreement with previous similar studies. We find that a Planck colour selection of S-857/S-545 < 2 works well to select candidate protoclusters, but can miss protoclusters at z < 2. The Herschel colours of individual candidate protocluster members indicate our candidate protoclusters all likely all lie at z > 1. Our candidate protoclusters are a factor of 5 times brighter at 353 GHz than expected from simulations, even in the most conservative estimates. Further observations are needed to confirm whether these candidate protoclusters are physical clusters, multiple protoclusters along the line of sight, or chance alignments of unassociated sources.
Keywords
galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: starburst, submillimetre: galaxies, STAR-FORMING GALAXIES, REDSHIFT DUSTY GALAXIES, SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES, CLUSTER CATALOG, NUMBER COUNTS, DEEP FIELD, FOLLOW-UP, H-ATLAS, OVERDENSITY, POPULATION

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MLA
Greenslade, J., et al. “Candidate High-z Protoclusters among the Planck Compact Sources, as Revealed by Herschel-SPIRE.” MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 476, no. 3, 2018, pp. 3336–59, doi:10.1093/mnras/sty023.
APA
Greenslade, J., Clements, D., Cheng, T., De Zotti, G., Scott, D., Valiante, E., … Dye, S. (2018). Candidate high-z protoclusters among the Planck compact sources, as revealed by Herschel-SPIRE. MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, 476(3), 3336–3359. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty023
Chicago author-date
Greenslade, J, DL Clements, T Cheng, G De Zotti, D Scott, E Valiante, S Eales, et al. 2018. “Candidate High-z Protoclusters among the Planck Compact Sources, as Revealed by Herschel-SPIRE.” MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 476 (3): 3336–59. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty023.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Greenslade, J, DL Clements, T Cheng, G De Zotti, D Scott, E Valiante, S Eales, MN Bremer, H Dannerbauer, M Birkinshaw, D Farrah, DL Harrison, MJ Michałowski, I Valtchanov, I Oteo, Maarten Baes, A Cooray, M Negrello, L Wang, P van der Werf, L Dunne, and S Dye. 2018. “Candidate High-z Protoclusters among the Planck Compact Sources, as Revealed by Herschel-SPIRE.” MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY 476 (3): 3336–3359. doi:10.1093/mnras/sty023.
Vancouver
1.
Greenslade J, Clements D, Cheng T, De Zotti G, Scott D, Valiante E, et al. Candidate high-z protoclusters among the Planck compact sources, as revealed by Herschel-SPIRE. MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY. 2018;476(3):3336–59.
IEEE
[1]
J. Greenslade et al., “Candidate high-z protoclusters among the Planck compact sources, as revealed by Herschel-SPIRE,” MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY, vol. 476, no. 3, pp. 3336–3359, 2018.
@article{8558297,
  abstract     = {{By determining the nature of all the Planck compact sources within 808.4 deg(2) of large Herschel surveys, we have identified 27 candidate protoclusters of dusty star-forming galaxies (DSFGs) that are at least 3 sigma overdense in either 250, 350, or 500 mu m sources. We find roughly half of all the Planck compact sources are resolved by Herschel into multiple discrete objects, with the other half remaining unresolved by Herschel. We find a significant difference between versions of the Planck catalogues, with earlier releases hosting a larger fraction of candidate protoclusters and Galactic cirrus than later releases, which we ascribe to a difference in the filters used in the creation of the three catalogues. We find a surface density of DSFG candidate protoclusters of (3.3 +/- 0.7) x 10(-2) sources deg(-2), in good agreement with previous similar studies. We find that a Planck colour selection of S-857/S-545 < 2 works well to select candidate protoclusters, but can miss protoclusters at z < 2. The Herschel colours of individual candidate protocluster members indicate our candidate protoclusters all likely all lie at z > 1. Our candidate protoclusters are a factor of 5 times brighter at 353 GHz than expected from simulations, even in the most conservative estimates. Further observations are needed to confirm whether these candidate protoclusters are physical clusters, multiple protoclusters along the line of sight, or chance alignments of unassociated sources.}},
  author       = {{Greenslade, J and Clements, DL and Cheng, T and De Zotti, G and Scott, D and Valiante, E and Eales, S and Bremer, MN and Dannerbauer, H and Birkinshaw, M and Farrah, D and Harrison, DL and Michałowski, MJ and Valtchanov, I and Oteo, I and Baes, Maarten and Cooray, A and Negrello, M and Wang, L and van der Werf, P and Dunne, L and Dye, S}},
  issn         = {{0035-8711}},
  journal      = {{MONTHLY NOTICES OF THE ROYAL ASTRONOMICAL SOCIETY}},
  keywords     = {{galaxies: clusters: general,galaxies: evolution,galaxies: starburst,submillimetre: galaxies,STAR-FORMING GALAXIES,REDSHIFT DUSTY GALAXIES,SUBMILLIMETER GALAXIES,CLUSTER CATALOG,NUMBER COUNTS,DEEP FIELD,FOLLOW-UP,H-ATLAS,OVERDENSITY,POPULATION}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{3336--3359}},
  title        = {{Candidate high-z protoclusters among the Planck compact sources, as revealed by Herschel-SPIRE}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sty023}},
  volume       = {{476}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

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