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Muscle carnosine in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis

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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Muscle carnosine is related to contractile function (Ca++ handling) and buffering of exercise-induced acidosis. As these muscular functions are altered in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) it is relevant to understand muscle carnosine levels in MS. METHODS: Tibialis anterior muscle carnosine was measured in an animal MS model (EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, n = 40) and controls (CON, n = 40) before and after exercise training (EAEEX, CONEX, 10d, 1 h/d, 24 m/min treadmill running) or sedentary conditions (EAESED, CONSED). Human m. vastus lateralis carnosine of healthy controls (HC, n = 22) and MS patients (n = 24) was measured. RESULTS: EAE muscle carnosine levels were decreased (p < .0001) by ~ 40% to ~ 64% at 10d and 17d following EAE induction (respectively) regardless of exercise (p = .823). Similarly, human MS muscle carnosine levels were decreased (- 25%, p = .03). CONCLUSION: Muscle carnosine concentrations in an animal MS model and MS patients are substantially reduced. In EAE exercise therapy does not restore this.
Keywords
Exercise Physiology and nutrition, Carnosine, Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, Multiple sclerosis, Neuromuscular, Rehabilitation, muscle, BETA-ALANINE SUPPLEMENTATION, QUALITY-OF-LIFE, HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, STRENGTH, FATIGUE, IMPACT, MITOCHONDRIAL, PERFORMANCE, METABOLISM

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MLA
Keytsman, Charly, et al. “Muscle Carnosine in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis.” MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS, vol. 21, 2018, pp. 24–29, doi:10.1016/j.msard.2018.02.013.
APA
Keytsman, C., Blancquaert, L., Wens, I., Missinne, M., Van Noten, P., Vandenabeele, F., … Eijnde, B. O. (2018). Muscle carnosine in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS, 21, 24–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.02.013
Chicago author-date
Keytsman, Charly, Laura Blancquaert, Inez Wens, Maarten Missinne, Pieter Van Noten, Frank Vandenabeele, Wim Derave, and Bert O Eijnde. 2018. “Muscle Carnosine in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis.” MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS 21: 24–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.02.013.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Keytsman, Charly, Laura Blancquaert, Inez Wens, Maarten Missinne, Pieter Van Noten, Frank Vandenabeele, Wim Derave, and Bert O Eijnde. 2018. “Muscle Carnosine in Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Multiple Sclerosis.” MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS 21: 24–29. doi:10.1016/j.msard.2018.02.013.
Vancouver
1.
Keytsman C, Blancquaert L, Wens I, Missinne M, Van Noten P, Vandenabeele F, et al. Muscle carnosine in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis. MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS. 2018;21:24–9.
IEEE
[1]
C. Keytsman et al., “Muscle carnosine in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis,” MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS, vol. 21, pp. 24–29, 2018.
@article{8552302,
  abstract     = {{BACKGROUND: Muscle carnosine is related to contractile function (Ca++ handling) and buffering of exercise-induced acidosis. As these muscular functions are altered in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) it is relevant to understand muscle carnosine levels in MS.
METHODS: Tibialis anterior muscle carnosine was measured in an animal MS model (EAE, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, n = 40) and controls (CON, n = 40) before and after exercise training (EAEEX, CONEX, 10d, 1 h/d, 24 m/min treadmill running) or sedentary conditions (EAESED, CONSED). Human m. vastus lateralis carnosine of healthy controls (HC, n = 22) and MS patients (n = 24) was measured.
RESULTS: EAE muscle carnosine levels were decreased (p < .0001) by ~ 40% to ~ 64% at 10d and 17d following EAE induction (respectively) regardless of exercise (p = .823). Similarly, human MS muscle carnosine levels were decreased (- 25%, p = .03).
CONCLUSION: Muscle carnosine concentrations in an animal MS model and MS patients are substantially reduced. In EAE exercise therapy does not restore this.}},
  author       = {{Keytsman, Charly and Blancquaert, Laura and Wens, Inez and Missinne, Maarten and Van Noten, Pieter and Vandenabeele, Frank and Derave, Wim and Eijnde, Bert O}},
  issn         = {{2211-0348}},
  journal      = {{MULTIPLE SCLEROSIS AND RELATED DISORDERS}},
  keywords     = {{Exercise Physiology and nutrition,Carnosine,Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis,Multiple sclerosis,Neuromuscular,Rehabilitation,muscle,BETA-ALANINE SUPPLEMENTATION,QUALITY-OF-LIFE,HIGH-INTENSITY EXERCISE,PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY,STRENGTH,FATIGUE,IMPACT,MITOCHONDRIAL,PERFORMANCE,METABOLISM}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{24--29}},
  title        = {{Muscle carnosine in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.msard.2018.02.013}},
  volume       = {{21}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

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