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A multi-band body-worn distributed radio-frequency exposure meter : design, on-body calibration and study of body morphology

(2018) SENSORS. 18(1).
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Abstract
A multi-band Body-Worn Distributed exposure Meter (BWDM) calibrated for simultaneous measurement of the incident power density in 11 telecommunication frequency bands, is proposed. The BDWM consists of 22 textile antennas integrated in a garment and is calibrated on six human subjects in an anechoic chamber to assess its measurement uncertainty in terms of 68% confidence interval of the on-body antenna aperture. It is shown that by using multiple antennas in each frequency band, the uncertainty of the BWDM is 22 dB improved with respect to single nodes on the front and back of the torso and variations are decreased to maximum 8.8 dB. Moreover, deploying single antennas for different body morphologies results in a variation up to 9.3 dB, which is reduced to 3.6 dB using multiple antennas for six subjects with various body mass index values. The designed BWDM, has an improved uncertainty of up to 9.6 dB in comparison to commercially available personal exposure meters calibrated on body. As an application, an average incident power density in the range of 26.7-90.8 mu W.m(-2) is measured in Ghent, Belgium. The measurements show that commercial personal exposure meters underestimate the actual exposure by a factor of up to 20.6.
Keywords
ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELD MEASUREMENTS, PERSONAL EXPOSURE, REAL, ENVIRONMENTS, ELECTRIC-FIELD, RF DOSIMETERS, EXPOSIMETERS, UNCERTAINTIES, AUSTRALIA, BAND, radio frequency, personal exposure meter, dosimetry, body morphology, calibration, measurement uncertainty

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Citation

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MLA
Aminzadeh, Reza, et al. “A Multi-Band Body-Worn Distributed Radio-Frequency Exposure Meter : Design, on-Body Calibration and Study of Body Morphology.” SENSORS, vol. 18, no. 1, Mdpi Ag, 2018, doi:10.3390/s18010272.
APA
Aminzadeh, R., Thielens, A., Agneessens, S., Van Torre, P., Van den Bossche, M., Dongus, S., … Joseph, W. (2018). A multi-band body-worn distributed radio-frequency exposure meter : design, on-body calibration and study of body morphology. SENSORS, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.3390/s18010272
Chicago author-date
Aminzadeh, Reza, Arno Thielens, Sam Agneessens, Patrick Van Torre, Matthias Van den Bossche, Stefan Dongus, Marloes Eeftens, et al. 2018. “A Multi-Band Body-Worn Distributed Radio-Frequency Exposure Meter : Design, on-Body Calibration and Study of Body Morphology.” SENSORS 18 (1). https://doi.org/10.3390/s18010272.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Aminzadeh, Reza, Arno Thielens, Sam Agneessens, Patrick Van Torre, Matthias Van den Bossche, Stefan Dongus, Marloes Eeftens, Anke Huss, Roel Vermeulen, Rene de Seze, Paul Mazet, Elisabeth Cardis, Hendrik Rogier, Martin Roosli, Luc Martens, and Wout Joseph. 2018. “A Multi-Band Body-Worn Distributed Radio-Frequency Exposure Meter : Design, on-Body Calibration and Study of Body Morphology.” SENSORS 18 (1). doi:10.3390/s18010272.
Vancouver
1.
Aminzadeh R, Thielens A, Agneessens S, Van Torre P, Van den Bossche M, Dongus S, et al. A multi-band body-worn distributed radio-frequency exposure meter : design, on-body calibration and study of body morphology. SENSORS. 2018;18(1).
IEEE
[1]
R. Aminzadeh et al., “A multi-band body-worn distributed radio-frequency exposure meter : design, on-body calibration and study of body morphology,” SENSORS, vol. 18, no. 1, 2018.
@article{8549614,
  abstract     = {{A multi-band Body-Worn Distributed exposure Meter (BWDM) calibrated for simultaneous measurement of the incident power density in 11 telecommunication frequency bands, is proposed. The BDWM consists of 22 textile antennas integrated in a garment and is calibrated on six human subjects in an anechoic chamber to assess its measurement uncertainty in terms of 68% confidence interval of the on-body antenna aperture. It is shown that by using multiple antennas in each frequency band, the uncertainty of the BWDM is 22 dB improved with respect to single nodes on the front and back of the torso and variations are decreased to maximum 8.8 dB. Moreover, deploying single antennas for different body morphologies results in a variation up to 9.3 dB, which is reduced to 3.6 dB using multiple antennas for six subjects with various body mass index values. The designed BWDM, has an improved uncertainty of up to 9.6 dB in comparison to commercially available personal exposure meters calibrated on body. As an application, an average incident power density in the range of 26.7-90.8 mu W.m(-2) is measured in Ghent, Belgium. The measurements show that commercial personal exposure meters underestimate the actual exposure by a factor of up to 20.6.}},
  articleno    = {{272}},
  author       = {{Aminzadeh, Reza and Thielens, Arno and Agneessens, Sam and Van Torre, Patrick and Van den Bossche, Matthias and Dongus, Stefan and Eeftens, Marloes and Huss, Anke and Vermeulen, Roel and de Seze, Rene and Mazet, Paul and Cardis, Elisabeth and Rogier, Hendrik and Roosli, Martin and Martens, Luc and Joseph, Wout}},
  issn         = {{1424-8220}},
  journal      = {{SENSORS}},
  keywords     = {{ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELD MEASUREMENTS,PERSONAL EXPOSURE,REAL,ENVIRONMENTS,ELECTRIC-FIELD,RF DOSIMETERS,EXPOSIMETERS,UNCERTAINTIES,AUSTRALIA,BAND,radio frequency,personal exposure meter,dosimetry,body morphology,calibration,measurement uncertainty}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{1}},
  pages        = {{19}},
  publisher    = {{Mdpi Ag}},
  title        = {{A multi-band body-worn distributed radio-frequency exposure meter : design, on-body calibration and study of body morphology}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s18010272}},
  volume       = {{18}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

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