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Longitudinal sequencing of HIV-1 infected patients with low-level viremia for years while on ART shows no indications for genetic evolution of the virus

(2017) VIROLOGY. 510. p.185-193
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Abstract
HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may present low-level viremia (LLV) above the detection level of current viral load assays. In many cases LLV is persistent but does not result in overt treatment failure or selection of drug resistant viral variants. To elucidate whether LLV reflects active virus replication, we extensively sequenced pol and env genes of the viral populations present before and during LLV in 18 patients and searched for indications of genetic evolution. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees were inspected for temporal structure both visually and by linear regression analysis of root-to-tip and pairwise distances. Viral coreceptor tropism was assessed at different time points before and during LLV. In none of the patients consistent indications for genetic evolution were found over a median period of 4.8 years of LLV. As such these findings could not provide evidence that active virus replication is the main driver of LLV.
Keywords
ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY, PERSISTENT HIV-1 REPLICATION, CD4(+), T-CELLS, RALTEGRAVIR INTENSIFICATION, MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD, CLONAL, EXPANSION, VIRAL RESERVOIRS, DRUG-RESISTANCE, INFECTION, TYPE-1, HIV-1, Low-level viremia, Antiretroviral therapy, HIV evolution, HIV, persistence, Residual viremia

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MLA
Vancoillie, Leen, et al. “Longitudinal Sequencing of HIV-1 Infected Patients with Low-Level Viremia for Years While on ART Shows No Indications for Genetic Evolution of the Virus.” VIROLOGY, vol. 510, 2017, pp. 185–93, doi:10.1016/j.virol.2017.07.010.
APA
Vancoillie, L., Hebberecht, L., Dauwe, K., Demecheleer, E., Dinakis, S., Vaneechoutte, D., … Verhofstede, C. (2017). Longitudinal sequencing of HIV-1 infected patients with low-level viremia for years while on ART shows no indications for genetic evolution of the virus. VIROLOGY, 510, 185–193. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2017.07.010
Chicago author-date
Vancoillie, Leen, Laura Hebberecht, Kenny Dauwe, Els Demecheleer, Sylvie Dinakis, Dries Vaneechoutte, Virginie Mortier, and Chris Verhofstede. 2017. “Longitudinal Sequencing of HIV-1 Infected Patients with Low-Level Viremia for Years While on ART Shows No Indications for Genetic Evolution of the Virus.” VIROLOGY 510: 185–93. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2017.07.010.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Vancoillie, Leen, Laura Hebberecht, Kenny Dauwe, Els Demecheleer, Sylvie Dinakis, Dries Vaneechoutte, Virginie Mortier, and Chris Verhofstede. 2017. “Longitudinal Sequencing of HIV-1 Infected Patients with Low-Level Viremia for Years While on ART Shows No Indications for Genetic Evolution of the Virus.” VIROLOGY 510: 185–193. doi:10.1016/j.virol.2017.07.010.
Vancouver
1.
Vancoillie L, Hebberecht L, Dauwe K, Demecheleer E, Dinakis S, Vaneechoutte D, et al. Longitudinal sequencing of HIV-1 infected patients with low-level viremia for years while on ART shows no indications for genetic evolution of the virus. VIROLOGY. 2017;510:185–93.
IEEE
[1]
L. Vancoillie et al., “Longitudinal sequencing of HIV-1 infected patients with low-level viremia for years while on ART shows no indications for genetic evolution of the virus,” VIROLOGY, vol. 510, pp. 185–193, 2017.
@article{8544183,
  abstract     = {{HIV-infected patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) may present low-level viremia (LLV) above the detection level of current viral load assays. In many cases LLV is persistent but does not result in overt treatment failure or selection of drug resistant viral variants. To elucidate whether LLV reflects active virus replication, we extensively sequenced pol and env genes of the viral populations present before and during LLV in 18 patients and searched for indications of genetic evolution. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic trees were inspected for temporal structure both visually and by linear regression analysis of root-to-tip and pairwise distances. Viral coreceptor tropism was assessed at different time points before and during LLV. In none of the patients consistent indications for genetic evolution were found over a median period of 4.8 years of LLV. As such these findings could not provide evidence that active virus replication is the main driver of LLV.}},
  author       = {{Vancoillie, Leen and Hebberecht, Laura and Dauwe, Kenny and Demecheleer, Els and Dinakis, Sylvie and Vaneechoutte, Dries and Mortier, Virginie and Verhofstede, Chris}},
  issn         = {{0042-6822}},
  journal      = {{VIROLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY,PERSISTENT HIV-1 REPLICATION,CD4(+),T-CELLS,RALTEGRAVIR INTENSIFICATION,MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD,CLONAL,EXPANSION,VIRAL RESERVOIRS,DRUG-RESISTANCE,INFECTION,TYPE-1,HIV-1,Low-level viremia,Antiretroviral therapy,HIV evolution,HIV,persistence,Residual viremia}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{185--193}},
  title        = {{Longitudinal sequencing of HIV-1 infected patients with low-level viremia for years while on ART shows no indications for genetic evolution of the virus}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.virol.2017.07.010}},
  volume       = {{510}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

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