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Systemic Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) infection in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) through feeding and injection

Haidong Wang (UGent) , Ivan Meeus (UGent) , Niels Piot (UGent) and Guy Smagghe (UGent)
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Abstract
Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) can cause a systemic infection, resulting in mortality in both Apis and Bombus spp. bees. However, little is known about the virus infection dynamics within bee tissues. Here, we established systemic IAPV infections in reared bumblebee Bombus terrestris workers through feeding and injection and investigated the mortality, tissue tropism and viral localization. Injection of approximately 500 IAPV (IAPV(inj) stock) particles resulted in acute infection, viral loads within tissues that were relatively stable from bee to bee, and a distinctive tissue tropism, making this method suitable for studying systemic IAPV infection in bumblebees. Feeding with approximately 1 x 10(6) particles of the same virus stock did not result in systemic infection. A high-concentration stock of IAPV (IAPV(fed) stock) allowed us to feed bumblebees with approximately 1 x 10(9) viral particles, which induced both chronic and acute infection. We also observed a higher variability in viral titers within tissues and less clear tissue tropism during systemic infection, making feeding with IAPV(fed) stock less optimal for studying IAPV systemic infection. Strikingly, both infection methods and stocks with different viral loads gave a similar viral localization pattern in the brain and midgut of bumblebees with an acute infection. The implications of these findings in the study of the local immunity in bees and barriers to oral transmission are discussed. Our data provide useful information on the establishment of a systemic viral infection in bees.
Keywords
IAPV, Bumblebee, Injection, Feeding, Tissues, Viral localization, NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS, KASHMIR BEE VIRUS, TRICHOPLUSIA-NI, APIS-MELLIFERA, BACTERIAL-INFECTION, VARROA-DESTRUCTOR, HOST-DEFENSE, HONEYBEE, RECEPTOR, LARVAE

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Citation

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MLA
Wang, Haidong, et al. “Systemic Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) Infection in Bumblebees (Bombus Terrestris) through Feeding and Injection.” JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY, vol. 151, 2018, pp. 158–64, doi:10.1016/j.jip.2017.11.015.
APA
Wang, H., Meeus, I., Piot, N., & Smagghe, G. (2018). Systemic Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) infection in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) through feeding and injection. JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY, 151, 158–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2017.11.015
Chicago author-date
Wang, Haidong, Ivan Meeus, Niels Piot, and Guy Smagghe. 2018. “Systemic Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) Infection in Bumblebees (Bombus Terrestris) through Feeding and Injection.” JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY 151: 158–64. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2017.11.015.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Wang, Haidong, Ivan Meeus, Niels Piot, and Guy Smagghe. 2018. “Systemic Israeli Acute Paralysis Virus (IAPV) Infection in Bumblebees (Bombus Terrestris) through Feeding and Injection.” JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY 151: 158–164. doi:10.1016/j.jip.2017.11.015.
Vancouver
1.
Wang H, Meeus I, Piot N, Smagghe G. Systemic Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) infection in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) through feeding and injection. JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY. 2018;151:158–64.
IEEE
[1]
H. Wang, I. Meeus, N. Piot, and G. Smagghe, “Systemic Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) infection in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) through feeding and injection,” JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY, vol. 151, pp. 158–164, 2018.
@article{8543101,
  abstract     = {{Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) can cause a systemic infection, resulting in mortality in both Apis and Bombus spp. bees. However, little is known about the virus infection dynamics within bee tissues. Here, we established systemic IAPV infections in reared bumblebee Bombus terrestris workers through feeding and injection and investigated the mortality, tissue tropism and viral localization. Injection of approximately 500 IAPV (IAPV(inj) stock) particles resulted in acute infection, viral loads within tissues that were relatively stable from bee to bee, and a distinctive tissue tropism, making this method suitable for studying systemic IAPV infection in bumblebees. Feeding with approximately 1 x 10(6) particles of the same virus stock did not result in systemic infection. A high-concentration stock of IAPV (IAPV(fed) stock) allowed us to feed bumblebees with approximately 1 x 10(9) viral particles, which induced both chronic and acute infection. We also observed a higher variability in viral titers within tissues and less clear tissue tropism during systemic infection, making feeding with IAPV(fed) stock less optimal for studying IAPV systemic infection. Strikingly, both infection methods and stocks with different viral loads gave a similar viral localization pattern in the brain and midgut of bumblebees with an acute infection. The implications of these findings in the study of the local immunity in bees and barriers to oral transmission are discussed. Our data provide useful information on the establishment of a systemic viral infection in bees.}},
  author       = {{Wang, Haidong and Meeus, Ivan and Piot, Niels and Smagghe, Guy}},
  issn         = {{0022-2011}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY}},
  keywords     = {{IAPV,Bumblebee,Injection,Feeding,Tissues,Viral localization,NUCLEAR POLYHEDROSIS-VIRUS,KASHMIR BEE VIRUS,TRICHOPLUSIA-NI,APIS-MELLIFERA,BACTERIAL-INFECTION,VARROA-DESTRUCTOR,HOST-DEFENSE,HONEYBEE,RECEPTOR,LARVAE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{158--164}},
  title        = {{Systemic Israeli acute paralysis virus (IAPV) infection in bumblebees (Bombus terrestris) through feeding and injection}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jip.2017.11.015}},
  volume       = {{151}},
  year         = {{2018}},
}

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