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Views of policy makers and health promotion professionals on factors facilitating implementation and maintenance of interventions and policies promoting physical activity and healthy eating : results of the DEDIPAC project

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Abstract
Background: The uptake, implementation, and maintenance of effective interventions promoting physical activity (PA) and a healthy diet and the implementation of policies targeting these behaviors are processes not well understood. We aimed to gain a better understanding of what health promotion professionals and policy makers think are important factors facilitating adoption, implementation, and maintenance of multi-level interventions and policies promoting healthy eating and PA in Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Norway, and Poland. Methods: Six interventions and six policies were identified based on pre-defined criteria. Forty semi-structured interviews were conducted with stakeholders from various sectors to elicit information on factors impacting adoption, implementation, and maintenance of these interventions and policies. All interview transcripts were coded in NVivo, using a common categorization matrix. Coding in the respective countries was done by one researcher and validated by a second researcher. Results: Active involvement of relevant stakeholders and good communication between coordinating organizations were described as important factors contributing to successful adoption and implementation of both interventions and policies. Additional facilitating factors included sufficient training of staff and tailoring of materials to match needs of various target groups. The respondents indicated that maintenance of implemented interventions/policies depended on whether they were embedded in existing or newly created organizational structures in different settings and whether continued funding was secured. Conclusions: Despite considerable heterogeneity of interventions and health policies in the five countries, stakeholders across these countries identify similar factors facilitating adoption, implementation, and maintenance of these interventions and policies.
Keywords
Multi-level intervention, Policy, Physical activity, Diet, Adoption, Implementation, Maintenance, DEDIPAC, Europe, Case studies, 10, 000 STEPS, DIET, EUROPE

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MLA
Muellmann, Saskia, et al. “Views of Policy Makers and Health Promotion Professionals on Factors Facilitating Implementation and Maintenance of Interventions and Policies Promoting Physical Activity and Healthy Eating : Results of the DEDIPAC Project.” BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, vol. 17, 2017, doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4929-9.
APA
Muellmann, S., Steenbock, B., De Cocker, K., De Craemer, M., Hayes, C., O’Shea, M. P., … Pischke, C. R. (2017). Views of policy makers and health promotion professionals on factors facilitating implementation and maintenance of interventions and policies promoting physical activity and healthy eating : results of the DEDIPAC project. BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4929-9
Chicago author-date
Muellmann, Saskia, Berit Steenbock, Katrien De Cocker, Marieke De Craemer, Catherine Hayes, Miriam P O’Shea, Karolina Horodyska, et al. 2017. “Views of Policy Makers and Health Promotion Professionals on Factors Facilitating Implementation and Maintenance of Interventions and Policies Promoting Physical Activity and Healthy Eating : Results of the DEDIPAC Project.” BMC PUBLIC HEALTH 17. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4929-9.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Muellmann, Saskia, Berit Steenbock, Katrien De Cocker, Marieke De Craemer, Catherine Hayes, Miriam P O’Shea, Karolina Horodyska, Justyna Bell, Aleksandra Luszczynska, Gun Roos, Lars Jørun Langøien, Gro Rugseth, Laura Terragni, Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij, Johannes Brug, and Claudia R Pischke. 2017. “Views of Policy Makers and Health Promotion Professionals on Factors Facilitating Implementation and Maintenance of Interventions and Policies Promoting Physical Activity and Healthy Eating : Results of the DEDIPAC Project.” BMC PUBLIC HEALTH 17. doi:10.1186/s12889-017-4929-9.
Vancouver
1.
Muellmann S, Steenbock B, De Cocker K, De Craemer M, Hayes C, O’Shea MP, et al. Views of policy makers and health promotion professionals on factors facilitating implementation and maintenance of interventions and policies promoting physical activity and healthy eating : results of the DEDIPAC project. BMC PUBLIC HEALTH. 2017;17.
IEEE
[1]
S. Muellmann et al., “Views of policy makers and health promotion professionals on factors facilitating implementation and maintenance of interventions and policies promoting physical activity and healthy eating : results of the DEDIPAC project,” BMC PUBLIC HEALTH, vol. 17, 2017.
@article{8542087,
  abstract     = {{Background: The uptake, implementation, and maintenance of effective interventions promoting physical activity (PA) and a healthy diet and the implementation of policies targeting these behaviors are processes not well understood. We aimed to gain a better understanding of what health promotion professionals and policy makers think are important factors facilitating adoption, implementation, and maintenance of multi-level interventions and policies promoting healthy eating and PA in Belgium, Germany, Ireland, Norway, and Poland. 
Methods: Six interventions and six policies were identified based on pre-defined criteria. Forty semi-structured interviews were conducted with stakeholders from various sectors to elicit information on factors impacting adoption, implementation, and maintenance of these interventions and policies. All interview transcripts were coded in NVivo, using a common categorization matrix. Coding in the respective countries was done by one researcher and validated by a second researcher. 
Results: Active involvement of relevant stakeholders and good communication between coordinating organizations were described as important factors contributing to successful adoption and implementation of both interventions and policies. Additional facilitating factors included sufficient training of staff and tailoring of materials to match needs of various target groups. The respondents indicated that maintenance of implemented interventions/policies depended on whether they were embedded in existing or newly created organizational structures in different settings and whether continued funding was secured. 
Conclusions: Despite considerable heterogeneity of interventions and health policies in the five countries, stakeholders across these countries identify similar factors facilitating adoption, implementation, and maintenance of these interventions and policies.}},
  articleno    = {{932}},
  author       = {{Muellmann, Saskia and Steenbock, Berit and De Cocker, Katrien and De Craemer, Marieke and Hayes, Catherine and O’Shea, Miriam P and Horodyska, Karolina and Bell, Justyna and Luszczynska, Aleksandra and Roos, Gun and Langøien, Lars Jørun and Rugseth, Gro and Terragni, Laura and De Bourdeaudhuij, Ilse and Brug, Johannes and Pischke, Claudia R}},
  issn         = {{1471-2458}},
  journal      = {{BMC PUBLIC HEALTH}},
  keywords     = {{Multi-level intervention,Policy,Physical activity,Diet,Adoption,Implementation,Maintenance,DEDIPAC,Europe,Case studies,10,000 STEPS,DIET,EUROPE}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{17}},
  title        = {{Views of policy makers and health promotion professionals on factors facilitating implementation and maintenance of interventions and policies promoting physical activity and healthy eating : results of the DEDIPAC project}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4929-9}},
  volume       = {{17}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

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