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Keeping mycotoxins away from the food : does the existence of regulations have any impact in Africa?

Limbikani Matumba (UGent) , Christof Van Poucke (UGent) , Emmanuel Njumbe Ediage (UGent) and Sarah De Saeger (UGent)
(2017) CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION. 57(8). p.1584-1592
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Abstract
Following the discovery of aflatoxins in the early 1960s, there have been many studies leading to the uncovering of many mycotoxins and the understanding of associated health effects in animals and humans. Consequently, there has been a global increase in the number of countries with mycotoxin regulations in foods. However, many African countries have only regulations for aflatoxins (or a few other mycotoxins) in specific foods, or no regulations at all. This paper critically reviews the challenges thwarting the establishment of mycotoxin regulations and their impacts on human dietary mycotoxin exposure in Africa. Mycotoxin regulatory limits for different countries are compared with mycotoxin tolerable daily intakes established by international food safety bodies taking into account consumption patterns. The agrarian setup, food insecurity, and mycotoxin analytical challenges in African countries are discussed; and more feasible mycotoxin dietary exposure reduction strategies are proposed.
Keywords
PREHARVEST AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION, RURAL SUBSISTENCE FARMERS, FLOW-THROUGH IMMUNOASSAY, LC-MS/MS METHOD, RISK-ASSESSMENT, SOUTH-AFRICA, FORMER TRANSKEI, HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA, NUTRITIONAL, FACTORS, ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS, Mycotoxin regulation, agrarian, food safety, food security

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MLA
Matumba, Limbikani, et al. “Keeping Mycotoxins Away from the Food : Does the Existence of Regulations Have Any Impact in Africa?” CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION, vol. 57, no. 8, 2017, pp. 1584–92, doi:10.1080/10408398.2014.993021.
APA
Matumba, L., Van Poucke, C., Njumbe Ediage, E., & De Saeger, S. (2017). Keeping mycotoxins away from the food : does the existence of regulations have any impact in Africa? CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION, 57(8), 1584–1592. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2014.993021
Chicago author-date
Matumba, Limbikani, Christof Van Poucke, Emmanuel Njumbe Ediage, and Sarah De Saeger. 2017. “Keeping Mycotoxins Away from the Food : Does the Existence of Regulations Have Any Impact in Africa?” CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION 57 (8): 1584–92. https://doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2014.993021.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Matumba, Limbikani, Christof Van Poucke, Emmanuel Njumbe Ediage, and Sarah De Saeger. 2017. “Keeping Mycotoxins Away from the Food : Does the Existence of Regulations Have Any Impact in Africa?” CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION 57 (8): 1584–1592. doi:10.1080/10408398.2014.993021.
Vancouver
1.
Matumba L, Van Poucke C, Njumbe Ediage E, De Saeger S. Keeping mycotoxins away from the food : does the existence of regulations have any impact in Africa? CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION. 2017;57(8):1584–92.
IEEE
[1]
L. Matumba, C. Van Poucke, E. Njumbe Ediage, and S. De Saeger, “Keeping mycotoxins away from the food : does the existence of regulations have any impact in Africa?,” CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION, vol. 57, no. 8, pp. 1584–1592, 2017.
@article{8530410,
  abstract     = {{Following the discovery of aflatoxins in the early 1960s, there have been many studies leading to the uncovering of many mycotoxins and the understanding of associated health effects in animals and humans. Consequently, there has been a global increase in the number of countries with mycotoxin regulations in foods. However, many African countries have only regulations for aflatoxins (or a few other mycotoxins) in specific foods, or no regulations at all. This paper critically reviews the challenges thwarting the establishment of mycotoxin regulations and their impacts on human dietary mycotoxin exposure in Africa. Mycotoxin regulatory limits for different countries are compared with mycotoxin tolerable daily intakes established by international food safety bodies taking into account consumption patterns. The agrarian setup, food insecurity, and mycotoxin analytical challenges in African countries are discussed; and more feasible mycotoxin dietary exposure reduction strategies are proposed.}},
  author       = {{Matumba, Limbikani and Van Poucke, Christof and Njumbe Ediage, Emmanuel and De Saeger, Sarah}},
  issn         = {{1040-8398}},
  journal      = {{CRITICAL REVIEWS IN FOOD SCIENCE AND NUTRITION}},
  keywords     = {{PREHARVEST AFLATOXIN CONTAMINATION,RURAL SUBSISTENCE FARMERS,FLOW-THROUGH IMMUNOASSAY,LC-MS/MS METHOD,RISK-ASSESSMENT,SOUTH-AFRICA,FORMER TRANSKEI,HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA,NUTRITIONAL,FACTORS,ASPERGILLUS-FLAVUS,Mycotoxin regulation,agrarian,food safety,food security}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{8}},
  pages        = {{1584--1592}},
  title        = {{Keeping mycotoxins away from the food : does the existence of regulations have any impact in Africa?}},
  url          = {{http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10408398.2014.993021}},
  volume       = {{57}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}
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