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Lower insulin sensitivity is related to lower relative muscle cross-sectional area, lower muscle density and lower handgrip force in young and middle aged non-diabetic men

Tineke Gysel (UGent) , Cajsa Tonoli (UGent) , Sofie Pardaens (UGent) , Dirk Cambier (UGent) , Jean Kaufman (UGent) , Hans-Georg Zmierczak (UGent) , Stefan Goemaere (UGent) , Bruno Lapauw (UGent) and Patrick Calders (UGent)
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Abstract
Objectives: This study investigated whether an association between insulin resistance (IR) and muscle parameters is appreciable in young healthy men, independent of obesity. Furthermore, markers of muscle metabolism and hormones/possible determinants, were explored. Methods: 358 healthy young men were divided into a less and more insulin sensitive (LIS [age=33.2 +/- 5.4, BMI=23.4 +/- 2.3] and MIS [age=35.5 +/- 5.3, BMI=28.1 +/- 3.7]) group based on upper and lower quartile of HOMA-IR. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), -density, handgrip force, serum testosterone, estradiol, SHBG, Vitamin 25(OH)D, creatinine, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and leptin levels were compared between these groups, correcting for differences in age, physical activity and fat mass. Correlations between HOMA-IR and these parameters, and between muscle measures and biochemical parameters, were calculated. Results: LIS is related to lower relative muscle CSA, muscle density, muscle/fat CSA ratio, relative handgrip force and level of physical activity. Furthermore, lower levels in SHBG, testosterone, Vitamin 25(OH) D and higher leptin, IGF-1 & IGFBP-3 levels were observed in LIS. Bio available T,FT,TE2,FE2, bioavailable E2, serum and urinary creatinine levels did not differ between groups. Conclusion: Differences in muscle performance are already present in healthy men with lower insulin sensitivity and could be possibly modifiable risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes.
Keywords
SKELETAL-MUSCLE, DIABETES-MELLITUS, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, VITAMIN-D, RESISTANCE, MASS, SERUM, FAT, ASSOCIATION, POPULATION, Insulin Resistance, Muscle Cross-sectional Area, Handgrip Strength, Estradiol

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MLA
Gysel, Tineke, et al. “Lower Insulin Sensitivity Is Related to Lower Relative Muscle Cross-Sectional Area, Lower Muscle Density and Lower Handgrip Force in Young and Middle Aged Non-Diabetic Men.” JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS, vol. 16, no. 4, 2016, pp. 302–09.
APA
Gysel, T., Tonoli, C., Pardaens, S., Cambier, D., Kaufman, J., Zmierczak, H.-G., … Calders, P. (2016). Lower insulin sensitivity is related to lower relative muscle cross-sectional area, lower muscle density and lower handgrip force in young and middle aged non-diabetic men. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS, 16(4), 302–309.
Chicago author-date
Gysel, Tineke, Cajsa Tonoli, Sofie Pardaens, Dirk Cambier, Jean Kaufman, Hans-Georg Zmierczak, Stefan Goemaere, Bruno Lapauw, and Patrick Calders. 2016. “Lower Insulin Sensitivity Is Related to Lower Relative Muscle Cross-Sectional Area, Lower Muscle Density and Lower Handgrip Force in Young and Middle Aged Non-Diabetic Men.” JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 16 (4): 302–9.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Gysel, Tineke, Cajsa Tonoli, Sofie Pardaens, Dirk Cambier, Jean Kaufman, Hans-Georg Zmierczak, Stefan Goemaere, Bruno Lapauw, and Patrick Calders. 2016. “Lower Insulin Sensitivity Is Related to Lower Relative Muscle Cross-Sectional Area, Lower Muscle Density and Lower Handgrip Force in Young and Middle Aged Non-Diabetic Men.” JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS 16 (4): 302–309.
Vancouver
1.
Gysel T, Tonoli C, Pardaens S, Cambier D, Kaufman J, Zmierczak H-G, et al. Lower insulin sensitivity is related to lower relative muscle cross-sectional area, lower muscle density and lower handgrip force in young and middle aged non-diabetic men. JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS. 2016;16(4):302–9.
IEEE
[1]
T. Gysel et al., “Lower insulin sensitivity is related to lower relative muscle cross-sectional area, lower muscle density and lower handgrip force in young and middle aged non-diabetic men,” JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS, vol. 16, no. 4, pp. 302–309, 2016.
@article{8525305,
  abstract     = {{Objectives: This study investigated whether an association between insulin resistance (IR) and muscle parameters is appreciable in young healthy men, independent of obesity. Furthermore, markers of muscle metabolism and hormones/possible determinants, were explored.
Methods: 358 healthy young men were divided into a less and more insulin sensitive (LIS [age=33.2 +/- 5.4, BMI=23.4 +/- 2.3] and MIS [age=35.5 +/- 5.3, BMI=28.1 +/- 3.7]) group based on upper and lower quartile of HOMA-IR. Muscle cross-sectional area (CSA), -density, handgrip force, serum testosterone, estradiol, SHBG, Vitamin 25(OH)D, creatinine, IGF-1, IGFBP-3 and leptin levels were compared between these groups, correcting for differences in age, physical activity and fat mass. Correlations between HOMA-IR and these parameters, and between muscle measures and biochemical parameters, were calculated.
Results: LIS is related to lower relative muscle CSA, muscle density, muscle/fat CSA ratio, relative handgrip force and level of physical activity. Furthermore, lower levels in SHBG, testosterone, Vitamin 25(OH) D and higher leptin, IGF-1 & IGFBP-3 levels were observed in LIS. Bio available T,FT,TE2,FE2, bioavailable E2, serum and urinary creatinine levels did not differ between groups.
Conclusion: Differences in muscle performance are already present in healthy men with lower insulin sensitivity and could be possibly modifiable risk factors for the development of type 2 diabetes.}},
  author       = {{Gysel, Tineke and Tonoli, Cajsa and Pardaens, Sofie and Cambier, Dirk and Kaufman, Jean and Zmierczak, Hans-Georg and Goemaere, Stefan and Lapauw, Bruno and Calders, Patrick}},
  issn         = {{1108-7161}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF MUSCULOSKELETAL & NEURONAL INTERACTIONS}},
  keywords     = {{SKELETAL-MUSCLE,DIABETES-MELLITUS,PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY,VITAMIN-D,RESISTANCE,MASS,SERUM,FAT,ASSOCIATION,POPULATION,Insulin Resistance,Muscle Cross-sectional Area,Handgrip Strength,Estradiol}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{4}},
  pages        = {{302--309}},
  title        = {{Lower insulin sensitivity is related to lower relative muscle cross-sectional area, lower muscle density and lower handgrip force in young and middle aged non-diabetic men}},
  volume       = {{16}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}

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