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Prediction formula for the spectral wave period T-m-1,T-0 on mildly sloping shallow foreshores

(2017) COASTAL ENGINEERING. 123. p.21-28
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Abstract
During the last decades, the spectral wave period T-m-1.,T-0 has become accepted as a characteristic wave period when describing the hydraulic attack on coastal structures, especially over shallow foreshores. In this study, we derive an empirical prediction formula for T-m-1,T-0 on shallow to extremely shallow foreshores with a mild slope. The formula was determined based on flume tests and numerical calculations, mainly for straight linear foreshore slopes. It is shown that the wave period increases drastically when the water depth decreases; up to eight times the offshore value. The bed slope angle influences the wave period slightly. For short-crested wave fields, the strong increase of T-m-1,T-0 starts closer to shore (at smaller water depths) than for long-crested wave fields.
Keywords
Spectral wave period, T-m-1, T-0, Shallow foreshore, Very shallow foreshore, Sea dike, Infragravity waves

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MLA
Hofland, Bas, et al. “Prediction Formula for the Spectral Wave Period  T-m-1,T-0  on Mildly Sloping Shallow Foreshores.” COASTAL ENGINEERING, vol. 123, Elsevier, 2017, pp. 21–28, doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2017.02.005.
APA
Hofland, B., Chen, X., Altomare, C., & Oosterlo, P. (2017). Prediction formula for the spectral wave period  T-m-1,T-0  on mildly sloping shallow foreshores. COASTAL ENGINEERING, 123, 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2017.02.005
Chicago author-date
Hofland, Bas, Xuexue Chen, Corrado Altomare, and Patrick Oosterlo. 2017. “Prediction Formula for the Spectral Wave Period  T-m-1,T-0  on Mildly Sloping Shallow Foreshores.” COASTAL ENGINEERING 123: 21–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2017.02.005.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Hofland, Bas, Xuexue Chen, Corrado Altomare, and Patrick Oosterlo. 2017. “Prediction Formula for the Spectral Wave Period  T-m-1,T-0  on Mildly Sloping Shallow Foreshores.” COASTAL ENGINEERING 123: 21–28. doi:10.1016/j.coastaleng.2017.02.005.
Vancouver
1.
Hofland B, Chen X, Altomare C, Oosterlo P. Prediction formula for the spectral wave period  T-m-1,T-0  on mildly sloping shallow foreshores. COASTAL ENGINEERING. 2017;123:21–8.
IEEE
[1]
B. Hofland, X. Chen, C. Altomare, and P. Oosterlo, “Prediction formula for the spectral wave period  T-m-1,T-0  on mildly sloping shallow foreshores,” COASTAL ENGINEERING, vol. 123, pp. 21–28, 2017.
@article{8518768,
  abstract     = {{During the last decades, the spectral wave period T-m-1.,T-0 has become accepted as a characteristic wave period when describing the hydraulic attack on coastal structures, especially over shallow foreshores. In this study, we derive an empirical prediction formula for T-m-1,T-0 on shallow to extremely shallow foreshores with a mild slope. The formula was determined based on flume tests and numerical calculations, mainly for straight linear foreshore slopes. It is shown that the wave period increases drastically when the water depth decreases; up to eight times the offshore value. The bed slope angle influences the wave period slightly. For short-crested wave fields, the strong increase of T-m-1,T-0 starts closer to shore (at smaller water depths) than for long-crested wave fields.}},
  author       = {{Hofland, Bas and Chen, Xuexue and Altomare, Corrado and Oosterlo, Patrick}},
  issn         = {{0378-3839}},
  journal      = {{COASTAL ENGINEERING}},
  keywords     = {{Spectral wave period,T-m-1,T-0,Shallow foreshore,Very shallow foreshore,Sea dike,Infragravity waves}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  pages        = {{21--28}},
  publisher    = {{Elsevier}},
  title        = {{Prediction formula for the spectral wave period  T-m-1,T-0  on mildly sloping shallow foreshores}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2017.02.005}},
  volume       = {{123}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

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