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Sequential crystallization of high and low melting waxes to improve oil structuring in wax-based oleogels

(2017) RSC ADVANCES. 7(20). p.12113-12125
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Abstract
The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of combining a high-melting wax (sunflower wax or rice bran wax) with a low-melting wax (berrywax or BEW) on the crystallization and gelation behavior of the corresponding wax-based oleogels in rice bran oil (RBO). Sunflower wax (SW) and rice bran wax (RBW) have a similar chemical composition but a very different crystallization behavior. Therefore, SWand RBW were also combined in a wax-based oleogel to examine the occurrence of co-crystallization and/or crystal coexistence. The thermal and gelation behavior of the binary blends in rice bran oil (5% w/w total concentration of wax) were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and rheological measurements, showing sequential crystallization and gelation for the SW/RBW : BEW wax-based oleogels and simultaneous crystallization and gelation for the SW : RBW wax-based oleogels. Oscillatory shear and hardness measurements revealed the reinforcement of the high-melting wax crystal network with the addition of the low-melting berry wax. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements in both the long-spacing and the short-spacing region showed the occurrence of crystal co-existence, rather than co-crystallization, which was confirmed with polarized light microscopy (PLM). Two different crystal morphologies could be discerned for all three combinations (RBW : SW, SW : BEW and RBW : BEW). We hypothesized that the improved rheological properties could be attributed to sintering, a process in which the low-melting BEW crystals form solid bonds between the crystals of the high-melting waxes. As such, a cohesive network is formed, resulting in an increased hardness of the bi-wax-based oleogels. This research provides the opportunity to minimize the amount of wax necessary in creating semi-solid materials with a wide variety in rheological and textural properties.
Keywords
RICE BRAN OIL, FAT CRYSTAL NETWORKS, NATURAL WAXES, BINARY BLENDS, MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES, PHASE-BEHAVIOR, SUNFLOWER WAX, MILK-FAT, ORGANOGELS, ACIDS

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MLA
Tavernier, Iris, et al. “Sequential Crystallization of High and Low Melting Waxes to Improve Oil Structuring in Wax-Based Oleogels.” RSC ADVANCES, vol. 7, no. 20, 2017, pp. 12113–25, doi:10.1039/c6ra27650d.
APA
Tavernier, I., Doan, D. C., Van de Walle, D., Danthine, S., Rimaux, T., & Dewettinck, K. (2017). Sequential crystallization of high and low melting waxes to improve oil structuring in wax-based oleogels. RSC ADVANCES, 7(20), 12113–12125. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra27650d
Chicago author-date
Tavernier, Iris, Diem Chi Doan, Davy Van de Walle, Sabine Danthine, Tom Rimaux, and Koen Dewettinck. 2017. “Sequential Crystallization of High and Low Melting Waxes to Improve Oil Structuring in Wax-Based Oleogels.” RSC ADVANCES 7 (20): 12113–25. https://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra27650d.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Tavernier, Iris, Diem Chi Doan, Davy Van de Walle, Sabine Danthine, Tom Rimaux, and Koen Dewettinck. 2017. “Sequential Crystallization of High and Low Melting Waxes to Improve Oil Structuring in Wax-Based Oleogels.” RSC ADVANCES 7 (20): 12113–12125. doi:10.1039/c6ra27650d.
Vancouver
1.
Tavernier I, Doan DC, Van de Walle D, Danthine S, Rimaux T, Dewettinck K. Sequential crystallization of high and low melting waxes to improve oil structuring in wax-based oleogels. RSC ADVANCES. 2017;7(20):12113–25.
IEEE
[1]
I. Tavernier, D. C. Doan, D. Van de Walle, S. Danthine, T. Rimaux, and K. Dewettinck, “Sequential crystallization of high and low melting waxes to improve oil structuring in wax-based oleogels,” RSC ADVANCES, vol. 7, no. 20, pp. 12113–12125, 2017.
@article{8510588,
  abstract     = {{The main objective of this study was to investigate the effect of combining a high-melting wax (sunflower wax or rice bran wax) with a low-melting wax (berrywax or BEW) on the crystallization and gelation behavior of the corresponding wax-based oleogels in rice bran oil (RBO). Sunflower wax (SW) and rice bran wax (RBW) have a similar chemical composition but a very different crystallization behavior. Therefore, SWand RBW were also combined in a wax-based oleogel to examine the occurrence of co-crystallization and/or crystal coexistence. The thermal and gelation behavior of the binary blends in rice bran oil (5% w/w total concentration of wax) were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and rheological measurements, showing sequential crystallization and gelation for the SW/RBW : BEW wax-based oleogels and simultaneous crystallization and gelation for the SW : RBW wax-based oleogels. Oscillatory shear and hardness measurements revealed the reinforcement of the high-melting wax crystal network with the addition of the low-melting berry wax. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements in both the long-spacing and the short-spacing region showed the occurrence of crystal co-existence, rather than co-crystallization, which was confirmed with polarized light microscopy (PLM). Two different crystal morphologies could be discerned for all three combinations (RBW : SW, SW : BEW and RBW : BEW). We hypothesized that the improved rheological properties could be attributed to sintering, a process in which the low-melting BEW crystals form solid bonds between the crystals of the high-melting waxes. As such, a cohesive network is formed, resulting in an increased hardness of the bi-wax-based oleogels. This research provides the opportunity to minimize the amount of wax necessary in creating semi-solid materials with a wide variety in rheological and textural properties.}},
  author       = {{Tavernier, Iris and Doan, Diem Chi and Van de Walle, Davy and Danthine, Sabine and Rimaux, Tom and Dewettinck, Koen}},
  issn         = {{2046-2069}},
  journal      = {{RSC ADVANCES}},
  keywords     = {{RICE BRAN OIL,FAT CRYSTAL NETWORKS,NATURAL WAXES,BINARY BLENDS,MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES,PHASE-BEHAVIOR,SUNFLOWER WAX,MILK-FAT,ORGANOGELS,ACIDS}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{20}},
  pages        = {{12113--12125}},
  title        = {{Sequential crystallization of high and low melting waxes to improve oil structuring in wax-based oleogels}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1039/c6ra27650d}},
  volume       = {{7}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

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