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Pulsatile load components, resistive load and incident heart failure : the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)

(2016) JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE. 22(12). p.988-995
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Abstract
Background: Left ventricular (LV) afterload is composed of systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and components of pulsatile load, including total arterial compliance (TAC), and reflection magnitude (RM). RM, which affects the LV systolic loading sequence, has been shown to strongly predict HF. Effective arterial elastance (E-a) is a commonly used parameter initially proposed to be a lumped index of resistive and pulsatile afterload. We sought to assess how various LV afterload parameters predict heart failure (HF) risk and whether RM predicts HF independently from subclinical atherosclerosis. Methods: We studied 4345 MESA participants who underwent radial arterial tonometry and cardiac output (CO) measurements with the use of cardiac MRI. RM was computed as the ratio of the backward (P-b) to forward (P-f) waves. TAC was approximated as the ratio of stroke volume (SV) to central pulse pressure. SVR was computed as mean pressure/CO. E-a was computed as central end-systolic pressure/SV. Results: During 10.3 years of follow-up, 91 definite HF events occurred. SVR (P = .74), TAC (P = .81), and E-a (P = .81) were not predictive of HF risk. RM was associated with increased HF risk, even after adjustment for other parameters of arterial load, various confounders, and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis (standardized hazard ratio [HR] 1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-1.88; P = .001). Pb was also associated with an increased risk of HF after adjustment for P-f (standardized HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.17-1.75; P = .001). Conclusions: RM is an important independent predictor of HF risk, whereas TAC, SVR, and E-a are not. Our findings support the importance of the systolic LV loading sequence on HF risk, independently from subclinical atherosclerosis.
Keywords
LEFT-VENTRICULAR MASS, ANKLE-BRACHIAL INDEX, WAVE REFLECTION, ARTERIAL, LOAD, CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS, NONINVASIVE EVALUATION, SYSTOLIC, HYPERTENSION, AORTIC DIAMETER, PRESSURE-FLOW, UPPER-LIMB, Wave reflections, compliance, vascular resistance, heart failure

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MLA
Zamani, Payman, et al. “Pulsatile Load Components, Resistive Load and Incident Heart Failure : The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).” JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE, vol. 22, no. 12, Churchill Livingstone Inc Medical Publishers, 2016, pp. 988–95, doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.04.011.
APA
Zamani, P., Lilly, S. M., Segers, P., Jacobs, David R, J., Bluemke, D. A., Duprez, D. A., & Chirinos, J. A. (2016). Pulsatile load components, resistive load and incident heart failure : the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE, 22(12), 988–995. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.04.011
Chicago author-date
Zamani, Payman, Scott M Lilly, Patrick Segers, Jr Jacobs, David R, David A Bluemke, Daniel A Duprez, and Julio A Chirinos. 2016. “Pulsatile Load Components, Resistive Load and Incident Heart Failure : The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).” JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE 22 (12): 988–95. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.04.011.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
Zamani, Payman, Scott M Lilly, Patrick Segers, Jr Jacobs, David R, David A Bluemke, Daniel A Duprez, and Julio A Chirinos. 2016. “Pulsatile Load Components, Resistive Load and Incident Heart Failure : The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA).” JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE 22 (12): 988–995. doi:10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.04.011.
Vancouver
1.
Zamani P, Lilly SM, Segers P, Jacobs, David R J, Bluemke DA, Duprez DA, et al. Pulsatile load components, resistive load and incident heart failure : the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE. 2016;22(12):988–95.
IEEE
[1]
P. Zamani et al., “Pulsatile load components, resistive load and incident heart failure : the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA),” JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE, vol. 22, no. 12, pp. 988–995, 2016.
@article{8508289,
  abstract     = {{Background: Left ventricular (LV) afterload is composed of systemic vascular resistance (SVR) and components of pulsatile load, including total arterial compliance (TAC), and reflection magnitude (RM). RM, which affects the LV systolic loading sequence, has been shown to strongly predict HF. Effective arterial elastance (E-a) is a commonly used parameter initially proposed to be a lumped index of resistive and pulsatile afterload. We sought to assess how various LV afterload parameters predict heart failure (HF) risk and whether RM predicts HF independently from subclinical atherosclerosis. Methods: We studied 4345 MESA participants who underwent radial arterial tonometry and cardiac output (CO) measurements with the use of cardiac MRI. RM was computed as the ratio of the backward (P-b) to forward (P-f) waves. TAC was approximated as the ratio of stroke volume (SV) to central pulse pressure. SVR was computed as mean pressure/CO. E-a was computed as central end-systolic pressure/SV. Results: During 10.3 years of follow-up, 91 definite HF events occurred. SVR (P = .74), TAC (P = .81), and E-a (P = .81) were not predictive of HF risk. RM was associated with increased HF risk, even after adjustment for other parameters of arterial load, various confounders, and markers of subclinical atherosclerosis (standardized hazard ratio [HR] 1.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.18-1.88; P = .001). Pb was also associated with an increased risk of HF after adjustment for P-f (standardized HR 1.43, 95% CI 1.17-1.75; P = .001). Conclusions: RM is an important independent predictor of HF risk, whereas TAC, SVR, and E-a are not. Our findings support the importance of the systolic LV loading sequence on HF risk, independently from subclinical atherosclerosis.}},
  author       = {{Zamani, Payman and Lilly, Scott M and Segers, Patrick and Jacobs, David R, Jr and Bluemke, David A and Duprez, Daniel A and Chirinos, Julio A}},
  issn         = {{1071-9164}},
  journal      = {{JOURNAL OF CARDIAC FAILURE}},
  keywords     = {{LEFT-VENTRICULAR MASS,ANKLE-BRACHIAL INDEX,WAVE REFLECTION,ARTERIAL,LOAD,CARDIOVASCULAR EVENTS,NONINVASIVE EVALUATION,SYSTOLIC,HYPERTENSION,AORTIC DIAMETER,PRESSURE-FLOW,UPPER-LIMB,Wave reflections,compliance,vascular resistance,heart failure}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  number       = {{12}},
  pages        = {{988--995}},
  publisher    = {{Churchill Livingstone Inc Medical Publishers}},
  title        = {{Pulsatile load components, resistive load and incident heart failure : the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA)}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1016/j.cardfail.2016.04.011}},
  volume       = {{22}},
  year         = {{2016}},
}

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