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Studying ethnicity, problem substance use and treatment : from epidemiology to social change

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Abstract
In this paper, we elaborate on the premises of studying problem substance use and treatment disparities among migrants and ethnic minorities. Due to the growing medicalisation of research on problem substance use and disparities in this group, policy makers, health researchers and practitioners often feel compelled to rely on epidemiological studies when grounding and understanding the link between ethnicity, problem substance use and treatment disparities. We argue that the bulk of epidemiological research suffers from crucial methodological and conceptual flaws that necessitate a reconsideration of their usefulness in policy and treatment practice. First, epidemiological research is based on static concepts of ethnicity and race as primordial analytical categories. Second, and as a consequence of the first argument, such research rarely distinguishes sufficiently between ethnic and non-ethnic determinants and mechanisms influencing problem substance use and treatment disparities. And third, these studies often depart from methodological individualism and subordinate contextual and structural determinants and mechanisms. This paper aims to re-evaluate (the factors and mechanisms mediating) the relationship between ethnicity, the nature of problem substance use, and treatment disparities, and to overcome some of the gaps in existing research methods mentioned above. More specifically, this implies (1) a critical revision of the ethnicity concept in epidemiology, (2) the inclusion of non-ethnic determinants and mechanisms by means of applying intersectional analysis and ethnic boundary making perspectives, (3) the broadening of methodological individualism in order to include all levels (from micro to macro) and loci (individual, community, society) of research in holistic research designs. Such ‘‘doubled research’’ allows researchers to analyse and have an impact on treatment disparities among migrants and ethnic minorities.
Keywords
Substance use, Methodological individualism, Ethnicity, Intersectional studies, Epidemiology, Ethnic boundary making, Doubled research, Drug treatment, Mechanism based research

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MLA
De Kock, Charlotte, et al. “Studying Ethnicity, Problem Substance Use and Treatment : From Epidemiology to Social Change.” DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY, vol. 24, no. 3, 2017, pp. 230–39, doi:10.1080/09687637.2016.1239696.
APA
De Kock, C., Decorte, T., Vanderplasschen, W., Derluyn, I., & Sacco, M. (2017). Studying ethnicity, problem substance use and treatment : from epidemiology to social change. DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY, 24(3), 230–239. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2016.1239696
Chicago author-date
De Kock, Charlotte, Tom Decorte, Wouter Vanderplasschen, Ilse Derluyn, and Muriel Sacco. 2017. “Studying Ethnicity, Problem Substance Use and Treatment : From Epidemiology to Social Change.” DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY 24 (3): 230–39. https://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2016.1239696.
Chicago author-date (all authors)
De Kock, Charlotte, Tom Decorte, Wouter Vanderplasschen, Ilse Derluyn, and Muriel Sacco. 2017. “Studying Ethnicity, Problem Substance Use and Treatment : From Epidemiology to Social Change.” DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY 24 (3): 230–239. doi:10.1080/09687637.2016.1239696.
Vancouver
1.
De Kock C, Decorte T, Vanderplasschen W, Derluyn I, Sacco M. Studying ethnicity, problem substance use and treatment : from epidemiology to social change. DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY. 2017;24(3):230–9.
IEEE
[1]
C. De Kock, T. Decorte, W. Vanderplasschen, I. Derluyn, and M. Sacco, “Studying ethnicity, problem substance use and treatment : from epidemiology to social change,” DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY, vol. 24, no. 3, pp. 230–239, 2017.
@article{8503468,
  abstract     = {{In this paper, we elaborate on the premises of studying problem substance use and treatment
disparities among migrants and ethnic minorities. Due to the growing medicalisation of
research on problem substance use and disparities in this group, policy makers, health
researchers and practitioners often feel compelled to rely on epidemiological studies when
grounding and understanding the link between ethnicity, problem substance use and
treatment disparities. We argue that the bulk of epidemiological research suffers from crucial
methodological and conceptual flaws that necessitate a reconsideration of their usefulness in
policy and treatment practice. First, epidemiological research is based on static concepts of
ethnicity and race as primordial analytical categories. Second, and as a consequence of the first
argument, such research rarely distinguishes sufficiently between ethnic and non-ethnic
determinants and mechanisms influencing problem substance use and treatment disparities.
And third, these studies often depart from methodological individualism and subordinate
contextual and structural determinants and mechanisms. This paper aims to re-evaluate (the
factors and mechanisms mediating) the relationship between ethnicity, the nature of problem
substance use, and treatment disparities, and to overcome some of the gaps in existing
research methods mentioned above. More specifically, this implies (1) a critical revision of the
ethnicity concept in epidemiology, (2) the inclusion of non-ethnic determinants and
mechanisms by means of applying intersectional analysis and ethnic boundary making
perspectives, (3) the broadening of methodological individualism in order to include all levels
(from micro to macro) and loci (individual, community, society) of research in holistic research
designs. Such ‘‘doubled research’’ allows researchers to analyse and have an impact on
treatment disparities among migrants and ethnic minorities.}},
  author       = {{De Kock, Charlotte and Decorte, Tom and Vanderplasschen, Wouter and Derluyn, Ilse and Sacco, Muriel}},
  issn         = {{0968-7637}},
  journal      = {{DRUGS-EDUCATION PREVENTION AND POLICY}},
  keywords     = {{Substance use,Methodological individualism,Ethnicity,Intersectional studies,Epidemiology,Ethnic boundary making,Doubled research,Drug treatment,Mechanism based research}},
  language     = {{eng}},
  location     = {{Aarhus Univ, Ctr Alcohol & Drug Res, Aarhus, DENMARK}},
  number       = {{3}},
  pages        = {{230--239}},
  title        = {{Studying ethnicity, problem substance use and treatment : from epidemiology to social change}},
  url          = {{http://doi.org/10.1080/09687637.2016.1239696}},
  volume       = {{24}},
  year         = {{2017}},
}

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